• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1987

This work examines reemployment processes through the use of event history unemployment data in the United States. Two aspects of these processes, the duration of unemployment and changes in the reemployment rate, are modelled and analyzed in terms of individual characteristics and their structural positions in the labor market. The secondary labor market is a competitive market in which unemployment occurs because people quit their jobs to devote more time in search for better jobs. Using search theory, the rate of reemployment has a positive time dependence as the searcher lower her reservation wage with the passage of time. By contrast, the primary market is characterized by long-term employment relations which reduce voluntary turnovers but generate layoffs temporarily. Relying on contract theory, because workers on temporary layoffs wait for recall, reemployment rates have a constant time dependence. Empirical results of unemployment durations indicate that reemployment processes are influenced by individual's positions in dual labor market structures. While the analysis suggests that the amount of search reemployment seems to be positively related to the degree of competitiveness of a market, somewhat weaker results are noted in the search reemployment processes in competitive markets.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.151-151
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• 2017

In Asia, rice production has some difficulties with reduction of farm household population and increase of elderly population. As a result, it has resulted in inefficiency and we needs to reduce labor force and improve labor productivity. Direct-seeding in rice could reduce labor and production costs, the area of direct seeding is increasing in japonica rice production in Asia. In direct seedling cultivation competition against weeds is one of most important concern. So, low temperature germinability and mesocotyl elongation should be considered. In this study, we evaluated the mesocotyl length and low temperature germination conducted association analysis using 137 korea core collections. An average length of mesocotyl among 137 core collections was skewed range from 0mm to 43mm. we searched candidate gene around target SNP. Such related traits, genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis was carried out using GAPIT. Also, average mesocotyl length of 394 korea landrace cultivars was measured ranging from minimum 0 mm to maximum 34mm. 30 out of 394 Korea landrace cultivar conducted re-sequencing, and haplotype analysis of candidate gene. we searched these related resources, which including germination of low temperature and mesocotyl elongation. This could be used for the development of direct-seeding cultivars. The valiated accession of core collection and landrace cultivars will be used development of direct-seedling cultivar in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.320-328
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• 2009

New social risks is likely to emerge from instability of family structure, flexible of labor market, movement of globalization which is related with the post-industrial society and so on. Especially, a lot of women are exposure to not only old social risks but also new social risks. A breakdown of traditional family structure, flexible of labor market which is be followed by globalization, women's poverty and limited approaches at social security services are the representation risk which is confront to women. In this study, therefore, the social risk is recognized by breakdown of traditional family structure risk which comes from the social change, aging of population, the decrease of labor population and New Right ideology. The purpose of the study is to arrange the new welfare state at gender equality level by anglicizing about women's new social risks.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-54
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• 2022

Using the 1st to 13th rounds of occupational history data of the Korea Employment Information Service's Youth Panel (YP2007), this study explores the trends and characteristics of the youth labor market in Seoul. We further empirically investigated the job duration and wage determinants of youth employed in Seoul. The results confirm that workers who have a higher income and a higher consistency with their majors are less likely to leave. In addition, we find that workers in full-time, householders, or labor unions have a higher income if they are men and work in large companies. In particular, compared to the reference group (appropriate academic background, appropriate skill), mismatches in the lack of education and skill showed a wage increase effect of 4.9% and 5.5%, respectively. For the major consistency, the wage of the matched major group is 3.8% higher than the non-matched major group.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.955-961
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• 2007

Population projections provides useful basic information for the need of economic resources and labor forces. The National Office of Statistics(NSO) presents population projections for the whole country and some of higher level local governments, but not do projections of the lower level local governments. Here are some projection methods as Hamilton-Perry methods and modified auto regression methods, which are compared to cohort method published by NSO in case of Daegu metropolitan city. The simulation results are a little stagnant with modified auto regression, but a little declines are shown with NSO and HP method, for 2010, 2015 and 2020 year, respectively.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.51-56
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• 2018

Due to the aging of economically active population in the world, the average age of workers in the domestic construction industry is also steadily increasing. This study analyzes the aging of construction workers in small-size construction sites in Busan, where the aging of the economically active population is the most severe in Korea. As a result of the study on the aging of construction workers in six construction sites with a construction cost of less than 500 million won in Busan, it was found that 65% of the workers were over 50 years of age. In addition, several experts interviews and survey revealed that 'securing welfare facilities for construction workers' and 'diminishing prejudice about the construction industry" were the most urgent and effective methods to overcome the aging problems. The results of this study can be served as basic data to solve the aging problems in the industry.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.37-57
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• 1998

In recent, Korea introduced the local self-government system. And the local government tried to establish and implement plans for women. Those plans were established on the basis of not the particular environments of regional societies but similar policies of central government. Despite of geographical migrations, we can find differences of population structure and economic status among regions. As the result, most of regional policies for women were ineffective. This paper examines population structure and economic status of women by regions and recommends the long and medium direction for local policies for women. For analysis, it utilizes the 2% sample data-set of National Statistical Office's '1995 Population and Housing Census' in Korea. The findings of this paper are summarized as following; Firstly, the dependency rate of Chungchong-do, Cholla-do, Kyongsangnam-do will reach about 45% in 2000. Therefore, as soon as possible, those local government should establish the labor policies to enhance the economically active participation rate of the elderly persons and welfare policy for them. Secondly, the level of women's economic participation. Thus, local governments should set up labor market policies for women according to regional situations. For examples, in Kyonggi-do, Seoul, Daejeon, Daeku which unemployment rate of the highly educated women are relatively high, those local governments should seek the measures to tackle unemployment problem of them. Thirdly, due to the differences regional economic structure, women's employment structures differed also by region. Hence, local governments should formulate suitable plans to consider the working status of regional women's workers.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-102
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• 2020

This study analyzes the effect of demographic changes on economic growth. We use the supply-side output identity to forecast the growth potential of the Korean economy. According to the results, even based on optimistic assumptions and prospects, the economic growth rate is likely to fall drastically starting in 2020. Of course, to maintain growth potential, efforts to increase productivity are necessary. However, given the historical experience of developed countries, it is not clear whether the huge trend of demographic change can be offset by efforts to increase productivity. In the so-called '30-50 club' countries, both labor productivity and growth rate tend to fall after reaching the per capita income of $30,000. The degree of decline in the growth rate is closely related to changes in the working age population and the prime-age workforce. The results are similar when tracking the path of changes in total factor productivities of the economy. When a certain level of income is reached, the increase in total factor productivity also tends to slow down. The ripple effects of rapid changes in demographics will indeed be extensive. The negative impact is likely to be concentrated at a time when the working age population, the prime-age workforce, and the total population shrink simultaneously. Above all, it is necessary to use the government's fiscal space to block the possibility of a rapid fall in the growth rate. In addition, it is important to continuously implement various reform tasks that should be promoted, such as improving the education system and strengthening the social safety net.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.31-58
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• 2008

This study examines applying the elderly poverty labor hypothesis and skill-biased technological change hypothesis to labor force participation rate(LFPR) of older males in Korea. These hypotheses have hardly been examined on the this group. The analysis is based on the data "Summary of economically active population($1965{\sim}2007$)", "Population projection($1965{\sim}2007$)", "Report on wage structure survey($1993{\sim}2005$)" and "Korea Labor and Income Panel Study($1998{\sim}2006$)". The method employed for this study is logistic regression. The main results from this analysis are summarized in five points. Firstly, Korean older males' LFPR have been increasing since 1965 when industrialization was expanding at full steam. This trend has been different from the decreasing trend of industrialized countries. The second finding is that poor older males' LFPR is, on the average, 5.2% higher than that of non-poor older males from 1998 to 2005. The third result is that the non-elderly man has been increasingly positioned at higher grade occupations, while the elderly man has been held at lower grade occupations. The fourth is that labor demand for highly educated workers has exceeded the increased labor supply of the group, while the demand for low educated workers has decreased far beyond the declined labor supply. As a result, college premium has increased from 139% in 1993 to 157.8% in 2005. The final main implication of this study is that the industrialization theory and modernization hypothesis still holds for the LFPR of Korean older males. However, the elderly affluence hypothesis of the LFPR of older males are hardly persuasive in explaining Korean phenomenon. Especially, we find that the elderly poverty is the main mechanism in determining the Korean LFPR in old ages. This supports the elderly poverty labor hypothesis presented in this study. Skill-biased technological change hypothesis partially explains the LFPR of older man. However, we believe that other factors; human capital specially high school education rather than university education and skill required in less skill biased occupations or the poverty; also have taken effect.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2023

This study forecasts the outlook 10 years from now regarding domestic labor and caregiving by the Baby Boomer generation and the preparations needed in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The scenario-planning method was used to explore changing trends in domestic labor and caregiving, the rationale for which has been questioned by both seniors and family welfare experts. Based on the results of the survey and our researchers' opinions, it was concluded that the changing trends were caused by two factors: the probability of alterations in domestic labor and the strength of family relationships. On the basis of these conclusions, four scenarios regarding baby boomers' domestic labor and caregiving in 10 years were proposed using two axes: the "high and low probability of alterations" and the "strengthening and weakening of family relationships." The first scenario is a "preference for the self-caring form of family," which has a high probability of domestic labor alterations and weak family relationships. The second scenario is a "preference for the flexible form of family," which has a high probability of domestic labor alterations and strong family relationships. The third scenario is a "preference for the traditional form of family," which has a low probability of domestic labor alterations and strong family relationships. The fourth scenario is a "preference for the public caregiving form of family," which has a low probability of domestic labor alterations and weak family relationships. These results provide basic information about the various aspects of baby boomers' lives-including the development of various goods and services, the establishment of policies regarding seniors, and programs for successful aging-and can help equip our society to take the actions needed for a super-aged population.