• Title/Summary/Keyword: investigating

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A LOWER ESTIMATE OF THE BANACH-MAZUR DISTANCES ON THE QUASI-NORMED SPACES

  • Kang, JeongHeung
    • Korean Journal of Mathematics
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.207-213
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    • 1999
  • In this paper we estimate a lower bound of the Banach-Mazur distance between a finite dimensional nonlocally convex space and its Banach envelope space by investigating the properties of the nonlocally convex space and the projection constant which are obtained by factoring the identity operator through $l^k_{\infty}$ on the quasi-normed spaces.

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한국산 참나무류의 삼원잡종

  • 이창복
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.16-20
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    • 1961
  • The author described four triple hybrids by investigating 5000 specimens collected during a period of ten years from all parts of Korea. He concluded that Key factors used for an identification of triple hybrids were mainly trichom types and acorn cup scales. With a plate showing hybrid plants and fruiting characters (latin and Korean).

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Cosmetic Store Selection Differences Depending on Make-up Preference Image (화장추구이미지에 따른 화장품 구매점포 선택기준)

  • Lee, Hyun-Jung;Kim, Mi-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.31 no.2 s.161
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    • pp.206-216
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the cosmetic purchasing behavior influenced by make-up preference images, and the orders of importance in the cosmetic store selection. The questionnaires were given to female residents in the ages between $20{\sim}45$ in Seoul and Kyung-gi province. 322 questionnaires were used for data analysis. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS 10.0 software with various techniques such as Frequency analysis, Factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ reliability analysis, Paired t-test, ANOVA test and Duncan test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. After investigating how the make-up preference image influences the selection of the off-line cosmetic store, it was found out that the personal service, shopping convenience, and product composition had significant differences. 2. After investigating how the make-up preference image influences the selection of the on-line cosmetic store, it was found out that only the product composition had significant difference. 3. After studying the factors that influence the off-line cosmetic store selection, it was found that the personal service was considered most important. After studying the factors that influence the on-line cosmetic store selection, it was found that the price was considered most important.

Application of White Light Interferometery Method for the Measurement of Surface Micro-structure of Paper Products and Prints (백색광 주사간섭법을 이용한 표면미세형상 측정과 그 적용)

  • Sung Yong Joo;Ryu Jeong Yong;Song Bong Keun
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.36 no.4 s.107
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2004
  • A white light interferometery (WLI) method for investigating surface microstructure was introduced. Brief description of the principle of this method was provided. The surface structure of various samples, for example, a liner board paper, a pigment coated paper, a intaglio printed paper and a polymer laminated paper were tested and characterized with the WLI method. The data showed the WLI method provided very detailed information about surface topography, which were little affected by the surface condition such as color, opacity, roughness, etc. The data stitching mode of the WLI method could provide high spatial resolution over a large field-of-view, which made it possible to obtain the statistically valid results. Fast and high repeatability also made this method a promising way for investigating the surface micro-structure of paper products and prints.

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and genetic variation of the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in South Korea

  • Jung, Jong-Woo;Han, Hye-Rim;Ryu, Sung-Hee;Kim, Won
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2010
  • The pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus causes pine wilt disease and is a serious economic concern for the forest industry of South Korea. To achieve effective control with limited resources, it is necessary to clarify the transmission routes and mechanisms of dispersal of this organism. Highly polymorphic and easy-to-use molecular markers can be used for investigating this aspect. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) for investigating the genetic variations of B. xylophilus and related individuals from China, Japan, and South Korea. The AFLP patterns obtained in our study were similar to the microsatellite patterns reported in a previous study; our AFLP patterns indicated high genetic variability and cryptic genetic structure, but did not indicate any peculiar geographic structure. Moreover, the genetic distances between individuals suggested that the Korean population was affected to a greater extent by the Chinese population than the Japanese population. Further, the gene flow among the related species appeared to be limited; however, there may be also the possibility of genetic introgression among species. These results confirm the usefulness of AFLPs for understanding the epidemiology of pine wilt disease, thereby contributing to the effective control of this disease.

The use of autologous fat grafts in breast surgery: A literature review

  • Bayram, Yalcin;Sezgic, Melihcan;Karakol, Percin;Bozkurt, Mehmet;Filinte, Gaye Taylan
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.498-510
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    • 2019
  • Autologous fat injection was first described roughly a century ago and has been used in surgery ever since. In addition to its use in many surgical fields, it is also frequently used for both aesthetic and reconstructive purposes in breast surgery. Since the application of fat grafting in breast surgery has steadily increased, studies investigating its reliability have simultaneously become increasingly common. Previous studies have reported that the use of fat grafting in breast surgery is reliable, but some pending questions remain about its routine use. In order to use fat grafts successfully in breast surgery, it is necessary to be familiar with the structure and content of adipose tissue, the efficacy of adipose stem cell-enriched fat grafts, the oncological safety of fat grafts, and the problems that may occur in the radiological follow-up of patients who undergo fat grafting procedures. In this literature review, we aim to discuss the use of fat grafts in breast surgery by investigating these common problems.