• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.56-62
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• 2008

Modern microprocessors must deliver high application performance, while the design process should not subordinate power. In terms of performance and power tradeoff, the instructions window is particularly important. This is because a large instruction window leads to achieve high performance. However, naive scaling conventional instruction window can severely affect the complexity and power consumption. This paper explores an architecture level approach to reduce power dissipation. We propose a low power issue logic with an efficient tag translation. The direct lookup table (DTL) issue logic eliminates the associative wake-up of conventional instruction window. The tag translation scheme deals with data dependencies and resource conflicts by using bit-vector based structure. Experimental results show that, for SPEC2000 benchmarks, the proposed design reduces power consumption by 24.45% on average over conventional approach.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.7
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• pp.1443-1449
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• 2009

This paper presents a profiling model of a wide-window superscalar microprocessor using multiple branch prediction. The key idea is to apply statistical profiling technique to the superscalar microprocessor with a wide instruction window and a multiple branch predictor. The statistical profiling data are used to obtain a synthetical instruction trace, and the consecutive multiple branch prediction rates are utilized for running trace-driven simulation on the synthesized instruction trace. We describe our design and evaluate it with the SPEC 2000 integer benchmarks. Our performance model can achieve accuracy of 8.5 % on the average.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

In this paper, the performance of a hybrid value predictor according to the instruction fetch rate on window size superscalar processors is evaluated. In general, the data dependency relations of instructions are increased with the number of the fetched instructions. Therefore, it is expected that the performance of a value predictor will be higher when the instruction fetch rate is increased. The performance is studied for the machine with collapsing buffer and he one with trace cache as an instruction fetch mechanism. As a result of experiment, it is showed that the performance effect of a value predictor is higher as the instruction fetch rate of instruction window size, IPC, predict rate on apply with non-tc and tc is increased.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.96-105
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• 2012

The fundamental purpose of this study is whether Show Window Display actually affect on purchase and if it does, how much Show Window Display have influence on the buyer's satisfaction. Show windows are most important at clothing stores. The show open types of domestic clothing stores are usually open-type and semi open-type. Show Window Display types of low and middle prices stores are generally opened, horizontal and storied type and the shape, height, opening type and use of ground floor are different by regional distinct features. Generally Show Window Display are consisted by lights, mannequins and directed props. In buying patterns, an impulse buying has more stronger effect than a scheduled buying, a substituted buying and non-buying. An impulse buying are strongly affected by Design and others are prices. The reason why Show Window Display affecting on purchase is the satisfaction of Design and the strong stimulus to purchase(impulse buying), and then Show window Display used by all components strongly has an effect on it. Factors of purchase desires were Design, price and quality in order and factors of purchase motivations were the motivation of clothing design and the motivation of impulse buying. Thus the effects of Show Window Display and factors of purchase motivations are same. As a result of this study, differentiated Show Window Display methods of clothing stores affect the value of goods, the stimulus of purchase and fostering sales effectiveness. Therefore the instruction of Show Window Display methods are indicated by this study.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.423-428
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• 2010

In the initial design phase of superscalar microprocessors, a performance model is necessary. A theoretic performance model is very useful since performance for various architecture parameters can be obtained by simply computing equations, without repeating simulations, Previous studies established theoretic performance models using the relation between the instruction window size and the issue width, with the penalties due to branch mispredictions and cache misses. However, the study was intended for unlimited number of functional units, which is insufficient for the real case application. This paper proposes a superscalar microprocessor theoretical performance model which also works for the limited functional units. To enhance the accuracy of our limited functional unit model, instruction dependency rates are employed. By using trace-driven data of SPEC 2000 integer programs as input, this paper shows that the theoretically computed performance of superscalar microprocessor with limited number of functional units is quite similar to the measured performance.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.649-659
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• 2005

A window presentation style, either tiled window or single page design, determines the spatial arrangement of information in a modern computer-based instructional design. This study investigates the interaction between spatial ability and window presentation style in terms of student's achievement of cognitive knowledge through Web-based instruction. Seventy-one students from the Falk School in Pennsylvania were pre-tested to determine their level of spatial ability, then randomly divided into two treatment groups in order to study a Web-based instructional unit on flowering plants. The Web-based instructional package was organized with either tiled window presentation or single page presentation. A posttest measured participants'acquisition of the instructional content. Posttest and spatial ability test scores were analyzed using multi-variate linear regression for the full sample (n=71) and three sub-samples: (a) 4th and 5th grade students only, (b) female students only, and (c) 4th and 5th grade female students only. The goals of the data analysis included the examination of (i) the correlation between spatial ability and posttest scores; (ii) the correlation between window presentation style and posttest score; and (iii) the interaction between spatial ability (aptitude) and presentation style (treatment).The data from all four sample groups showed a significant relationship between spatial ability and achievement of cognitive knowledge at the 1% level of significance. The aptitude-treatment interaction between spatial ability and style of window presentation was not significant in the full sample, but was significant in the sub-samples either at the 10% or 5% level. In neither the full sample nor any sub-sample data did window presentation style have an impact on average posttest score. In all analyses, the higher the level of spatial ability, the higher the posttest score. The sub-samples revealed that students with low spatial ability performed better with the tiled window presentation, while those with high spatial ability did better with the single page presentation. Neither window presentation style was shown to better foster learning by children of all levels of spatial ability.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.94-112
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a standardized patients managed instruction program for a fundamentals of nursing. The standardized patients managed instruction was evaluated by using a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group posttest design with two separate classes of sophomore students attending fundamentals of nursing classes at one baccaleureate nursing school in Korea. Control group was taught by traditional lecture/model instruction and experimental group was taught by standardized patient managed instruction. Data were collected from December, 1999 to July, 2000 using checklist developed by researcher on following areas; clinical nursing performance, communication skills, and learning motivation. There were 36 students in the experimental group and 40 students in the control group. Data analysis was done using SPSS WINDOW. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Clinical nursing performances were evaluated by change position, back care and hot bag apply. The total score was statistically significant higher in the experimental group than the control group(t=3.325, p=.000). Thus hypothesis 1 was supported. 2. Communication skill was evaluated by professional attitude and ability to explain to patients. There was a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group (t=4.232, p=.000). Thus hypothesis 2 was supported. 3. Learning motivation was evaluated by self-reported questionnaires. There was statistically a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(t=3.024, p=.004). Thus hypothesis 3 was supported. In conclusion, this study suggests that standardized patients managed instruction is an effective learning method to nursing students. By utilizing a standardized patient managed instruction, learning can proceed in a more relaxed environment and reduce the risks to patients because student inexperience are avoided. It is recommended to develop more standardized patients cases for wider areas of nursing educational and evaluate the program with more students using logitudinal method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.6B
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• pp.948-953
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose multi-bit soft error detection method which can use an instruction cache of superscalar CPU architecture. Proposed method is applied to high-speed static RAM for instruction cache. Using 1D parity and interleaving, it has less memory overhead and detects more multi-bit errors comparing with other methods. It only detects occurrence of soft errors in static RAM. Error correction is treated like a cache miss situation. When soft errors are occurred, it is detected by 1D parity. Instruction cache just fetch the words from lower-level memory to correct errors. This method can detect multi-bit errors in maximum 4$\times$4 window.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.791-803
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• 2015

This study aims to examine the influence of tennis instructors' coaching behaviors on the satisfaction with lessons and preference for instructors. In order to achieve this study objective, by using the quota sampling out of nonprobability sampling for tennis club members who are now(2015) actively involved in tennis courts located in Daejeon Metropolitan City and Chungcheongnam-do, and also receiving tennis lesson for more than six months or used to take lessons before, the 325 effective samples were used for data analysis. Using the SPSS Ver. 21.0 Window Program, the collected data went through frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis, and the results are like below. Regarding differences of coaching behaviors depending on sex, first, there were significant differences in the factors like explanatory instruction, positive feedback and negative feedback. In case of differences in accordance with age, every factor showed significant differences. In regard of differences depending on academic background, there were differences in the factor of negative feedback while the factor of positive feedback showed differences in accordance with the experience of lesson. In case of differences depending on the level of athletic performance, there were statistically significant differences in the factors like explanatory instruction, questioning instruction and negative feedback. Second, the positive feedback, one of the sub-factors of coaching behaviors had positive influence on satisfaction with lesson while the explanatory instruction, one of the sub-factors of coaching behaviors had positive influence on preference for instructors. Lastly, the satisfaction with lesson had positive influence on preference for instructors.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.149-168
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of PSpice instruction on academic achievement in 'Combination logic circuit' unit of 'Digital Logic Circuit' in industrial high school. Three kinds of null hypotheses were formulated. Two classes of the third grade of C technical high school in Gyeong-buk were divided into experimental group and control group in order to verify null hypotheses. In the experimental design, 'Non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest' model was utilized. This experiment was conducted for six classes, the experimental group was applied to PSpice instruction method before the circuit traning while the control group was applied to traditional lecture oriented method before the circuit traning. Window SPSS 10.0 korean language version program was used for the data analysis and independent sample t-test was used to identify the average of each group. Significance level was set to .05 level. The results obtained in this study were as follows; First, PSpice instruction had not an effect on academic achievement according to a group type. However, these instruction had an effect on the following sub-domains; the psychomotor domain. Second, PSpice instruction had not an effect on academic achievement according to a studies level. However, these instruction for middle and low level students had an effect on the cognitive and psychomotor domain, and for middle level students had an effect on the affective domain. Third, PSpice instruction had not an effect on shortening of a training requirement. However, this instruction for low level students had an effect on shortening of a training requirement. The study results of simulation instruction was chiefly efficient in the psychomotor domain. We could know that simulation instruction is efficient as went to a low level students than an upper level students. Thus, We may make the study effectiveness in various instruction method.