• International Journal of Contents
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.78-85
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• 2013

Music functions as a catalyst for various emotional experiences. Among the numerous genres of music, film music has been reported to induce strong emotional responses. However, the effectiveness of film music in evoking different types of emotions and its relationship in terms of which musical elements contribute to listeners' perception of intended emotion have been rarely investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the congruence between the intended emotion and the perceived emotion of listeners in film music listening and to identify musical characteristics of film music that correspond with specific types of emotion. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate possible relationships between participants' identification responses and personal musical experience. A total of 147 college students listened to twelve 15-second music excerpts and identified the perceived emotion during music listening. The results showed a high degree of congruence between the intended emotion in film music and the participants' perceived emotion. Existence of tonality and modality were found to play an important role in listeners' perception of intended emotion. The findings suggest that identification of perceived emotion in film music excerpts was congruent regardless of individual differences. Specific music components that led to high congruence are further discussed.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.115-140
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• 2010

Great concerns about atmospheric aerosols are attributed to their multiple roles to atmospheric processes. For example, atmospheric aerosols influence global climate, directly by scattering or absorbing solar radiations and indirectly by serving as cloud condensation nuclei. They also have a significant impact on human health and visibility. Many of these effects depend on the size and composition of atmospheric aerosols, and thus detailed information on the physicochemical properties and the distribution of airborne particles is critical to accurately predict their impact on the Earth's climate as well as human health. A single particle analysis technique, named low-Z particle electron probe X-ray microanalysis (low-Z particle EPMA) that can determine the concentration of low-Z elements such as carbon, nitrogen and oxygen in a microscopic volume has been developed. The capability of quantitative analysis of low-Z elements in individual particle allows the characterization of especially important atmospheric particles such as sulfates, nitrates, ammonium, and carbonaceous particles. Furthermore, the diversity and the complicated heterogeneity of atmospheric particles in chemical compositions can be investigated in detail. In this review, the development and methodology of low-Z particle EPMA for the analysis of atmospheric aerosols are introduced. Also, its typical applications for the characterization of various atmospheric particles, i.e., on the chemical compositions, morphologies, the size segregated distributions, and the origins of Asian dust, urban aerosols, indoor aerosols in underground subway station, and Arctic aerosols, are illustrated.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.105-117
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• 2016

The objective of this work is to study the restraining effect in fire resistance of framed structures and to evaluate the global response of reinforced concrete frames when exposed to fire based on advanced finite element method. To study the response a single portal frame is analyzed. The effect of floor slab on this frame is studied by modeling a beam-column-slab assembly. The evolution of temperature distribution, internal stresses and deformations of the frame subjected to ISO 834 standard fire curve for both the frames are studied. The thermal and structural responses are evaluated and a comparison of results of individual members and entire structure is done. From the study it can be seen that restraining forces has significant influence on both stresses and deflection and overall response of the structure when compared to individual structural member. Among the various structural elements, columns are the critical members in fire and failure of column causes the failure of entire structure. The fire rating of various structural elements of the frame is determined by various failure criteria and is compared with IS456 2000 tabulated fire rating.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.137-153
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• 2015

This paper aims at developing an analytic model for examining fashion designer's creativity. This research developed the analytic model of fashion designer's creativity adding the specificity of the fashion area to The Systems Model of Creativity by Csikszentmihalyi & Gardener. The analytic model of fashion designer's creativity is composed of 3 elements: the fashion designer, the fashion domain and the fashion field. The detail factors to be examined by each of the elements are as follows. In the dimension of an individual fashion designer, detail factors influencing the manifestation of creativity contain cognitive and non-cognitive abilities (i.e: personality traits, erotic capital) and socio-psychological factors (i.e: family condition, sexual identity, marital status, health). In the dimension of the fashion domain, creativity factors are composed of socio-cultural contexts and paradigms. In the dimension of the fashion field, detail factors refer to a mentor, supporter, competitor and a follower. Fashion designer's creativity manifests itself when detail factors of an individual fashion designer, fashion domain and field interact with each other dynamically.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Recently the concerns of landscape resources were on the increase about the landscape of control and landscape design. In order to this, purpose of this paper is to develop architectural landscape design data of individual house in Gangwon Provinces. The type of landscape in Donghae seaside consist of three; Road, Mountain, Seaside. And the type of images about individual housing are three; Western, Traditional, Modern. This research is analyzed 18-simulation scenes, factor analysis is used for the SPSS. The results of this study are as follows. First, the housing of western style do not correspond with landscape of Road, but landscape of mountain and seaside were suitable to the western style. Second, mountain in Donghae seaside harmonizes with housing of traditional style. Third, even though the housing of modern style were marked low assessment in three landscape, we found out relation, modern housing was well-matched load landscape. Finally, to improve of landscape housing, which will serve as systematic approach with association of clients, constructors, designers and public service personnel.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.63-77
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• 2015

Improve the rural views of the Government and the municipalities with the intention of rural landscape planning. However, rural scenery evaluation of landscape types and element categories, landscape scenes, such as the valuation of resources selected, form a coherent system and ecological point of view is not only a Visual perspective of evaluation, or evaluation is made. This study evaluates the rural landscape through the rural landscape for rurality is implemented can explain the image. Rural amenity 100 represented the rural landscape in rurality with photos of photos, and scenes, photos, location-based rural Vista rurality landscapes drawn components. Selected landscape photography scenic landscapes in the u.s. survey and image vocabularies through surveys is representative of the landscape in rurality of each Vista location-specific photos and images began extracted factors. As a result, the Distant view is a town and village in the rolling hills of the surrounding environment is an image behind the Vista Skyline, Farmland Rural village forests, Behind the hills, Individual housing roof, Housing arrangement, The number of household includes landscape components. Factor analysis 'openness', 'intimacy', 'activity', 'complexity', 'safety' was down to five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 66.45 percent. Middle distance view is close to being out of town houses and village environment, an image in the skyline hills Vista, farmlands, village forests, rolling hills, behind the scenes of the housing component of the neck, the sperm will honor an individual factor analysis results are 'intimacy', 'safety', 'openness', 'specificity', 'complexity' five factors the whole description of the capacity factors compared to 67.24 percent. Close-range view is mainly in Vista village embraced the individual elements and an image of a harmonious location in the surroundings of the sperm, individual houses, fences, gates, courtyard, Garden, garage, agricultural facilities, including, but not limited to, factors assay but an 'intimacy', 'complexity', 'safety', 'activity', 'openness' five factors, such as a description of the overall factors that force was 65.29%. This research seeks to determine the extent to which rurality of rural landscape Vista by location attributes and elements and representative officer in photo selection and rurality to extract the image. To date, followed by a comprehensive study, which was presented through the readjustment could not overlook the Visual elements. The future rural development officer for the evaluation of rural landscape classification and quantitative and objective assessment will have to come up with ways to do.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.8
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• pp.1606-1616
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• 2011

The blood pressure measuring equipment, which is being supplied and used most widely by being recognized convenience and accuracy now generally, is oscillometric blood pressure monitor. However, a change in blood pressure is basically influenced by diverse elements such as each individual's physiological status and physical condition. Thus, the measurement of blood pressure, which used single element called oscillation in blood pressure of being conveyed to cuff, is not considered on physiological elements such as cardiovascular system status and blood vessel stiffness index, and on external elements, thereby being quite in error. Accordingly, this study detected diverse bio-signals and body informations in each individual as the measurement subject such as ECG, PPG, and Korotkoff Sound in order to enhance convenience and accuracy of measuring blood pressure in the complex measurement equipment, thereby having extracted regression method for compensation in error of oscillometric blood pressure measurement on the wrist, and having improved accuracy of measuring blood pressure. To verify a method of improving accuracy, the blood pressure value in each of SBP, DBP, MAP was acquired through 4-stage experimental procedure targeting totally 51 subjects. Prior to experiment, the subjects were divided into two groups such as the experimental group for extracting regression method and the control group for verifying regression method. Its error was analyzed by comparing the reference blood pressure value, which was obtained through the auscultatory method, and the oscillometric blood pressure value on the wrist. To reduce the detected error, the blood pressure compensation regression method was calculated through multiple linear regression analysis on elements of blood pressure, individual body information, PTT, HR, K-Sound PSD change. Verification was carried out on improving significance and accuracy by applying the regression method to the data of control group. In the experimental results, as a result of confirming error on the reference blood pressure value in SBP, DBP, and MAP, which were acquired through applying regression method, the results of $-0.47{\pm}7.45$ mmHg, $-0.23{\pm}7.13$ mmHg, $0.06{\pm}6.39$ mmHg could be obtained. This is not only the numerical value of satisfying the sphygmomanometer reference of AAMI, but also shows the lower result than the numerical value in SBP : $-2.5{\pm}12.2$ mmHg, DBP : $-7.5{\pm}8.4$ mmHg, which is the mean error in the experimental results of Brram's research for verifying accuracy of Omron RX-M, which shows relatively high accuracy among wrist sphygmomanometers. Thus, the blood pressure compensation could be confirmed to be made within significant level.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.198-206
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• 2011

Poems written on the tablets hanging in Kwanghanru(a pavilion in Namwon, Jeollabuk-do) reveal each author's view of landscape and their recognition of the pavilion and it surroundings. This study consists of the following four analysis frames of the characteristics, sensations, and temporal and spatial axes of the landscape elements grouping tablet poems into two categories of deunglusi of Joseon's literary men, and baegiljangsi and cheongtaksi of the 1930s. The result of the landscape element analysis shows that physical elements are shown more frequently than symbolic ones. Among the physical ones, natural elements are used more often than artificial ones. The landscape elements appearing in each individual poem of baegiljangsi and cheongtaksi are relatively more than those of deunglusi. When the landscape elements are analyzed by sensational aspect, most of them are visual in nature, and there also appear some that are aural or olfactory in nature. Analyzed from a temporal axis, expressions related to autumn and evening and night are used frequently. From the spatial axis, foreground elements are preferred to middleground or background ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.121-133
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• 2023

PURPOSE: Computerization using ICF as a protocol can enhance the assessment, communication, and decision-making of various disciplines and cultures, individual functions, disabilities and health to promote communication and understanding among various professionals, organizations, and countries. The empirical foundation for these propositions was provided by delineating of six distinct computerization components. METHODS: This study analyzed 14 papers that combined the medical field and information technology to activate the ICF through computerization. From each of these papers, distinctive advantages were extracted to propose six computerization elements. The validity of these computerization elements was examined. These papers encompass various computerization elements, among which core elements were identified. In particular, six common core elements were extracted from these papers and assumed to be strategic computerization components for ICF activation. A heuristic methodology was employed to validate these components, representing IT technology maturity using four determining indices, which were then presented graphically for validation attempts. RESULTS: Four quantified indices were defined: reliability, cost-effectiveness, support and updates, and collaboration. Using these indices, this study identified elements that leverage existing IT technologies and require new development. The possibility of increasing utility was identified by applying computerization to ICF. CONCLUSION: This study examined the strategic elements of utilizing ICF by computerizing it using a protocol concept and discussed its potential for utilization. The potential to enhance the value of information in social, physical, and cultural contexts was presented by integrating various domains and data within the ICF framework.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.154-161
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• 2014

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the chemical characteristics of Asian dust (hereafter called "AD") particles with the aid of the most advanced micro-PIXE (Particle-induced X-ray emission) analytical technique. To this end, size-selected particles were sampled on a rural peninsula of Korea (Byunsan, 35.37N; 126.27E) during AD and non-AD periods in 2004. The coarse particle (> $2{\mu}m$) number density during an AD event were 170 times higher than those of the non-AD counterpart. The average net-count of silica in individual particles collected on AD event was roughly 11 times higher than that of non-AD counterpart. The X-ray net-counts of trace elements (Zn, Co, Mn, and V) were also considerably high in AD relative to the non-AD day. Particle classification based on the inter ratio analysis of elemental net-count suggests that a large portion of the coarse particles collected during AD event underwent chemical transformation to a certain degree. The visual interpretation of micro-PIXE elemental maps and elemental localization data in and/or on individual AD particles clarified the internal mixture of AD particles with sea-salt and artificial metallic particles.