• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 1970

This survey was conducted to evaluate not only the present status of health center directors-their personal histories, their will to private practice in the future, their responses to governmental policies, -but also the distribution of doctorless myons, budget and subsidy, and director's opinions to the enhancement of health center activities. This survey questioned 116 health center directors and 16 health personnel from August to October of 1970 and obtained the following results; 1) The average ages of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $43.2{\pm}7.8,\;42.1{\pm}7.7,\;and\;42.9{\pm}10.3$ respectively. 2) The average family sizes of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $5.6{\pm}2.7,\;5.6{\pm}2.1,\;and\;5.6{\pm}2.6$ respectively. 3) Directors holding M. D. degrees were 79.3%, those holding qualified M. D. degrees ('approved director') were 20.7%. 4) M. P. H., M. S., and Ph. D. holders were 6.0%, 6.1%, and 4.3% respectively. 5) The average duration of present directorship in kun and city were 30.2 months and 20.4 months respectively. 6) The majority of directors had been employed in related fields before assuming current position : directorship at other health center 26.7%, army 22.4%, health subcenter 21.6%, private practice 19.0%. 7) Average length of directorship is 41.8 months. Average length of public health career, including health subcenter and present position, is 56.5 months. 8) Both rural and urban experience in health centers for regular directors is 16.3% and for approved directors, 12,5%. A total of 15.5% of all survey directors had experience in both rural and urban health center. 9) A total of 70.7% of health center directorships were staffed by local doctors. 10) Nearly 40% wanted to quit the directorships within 3 years and 60.3% had already experienced private practice. 11) Of the regular directors 17.4% felt strongly about devoting their lives to public health fields, but only 4.1% of the approved approved directors felt so. 12) There wire 432 doctorless myons among 996 respondent myons and 4.5 doctorless myons per kun. 13) The percentage of doctorless myon by Province are as follows, Cholla buk-do 57.2%, Cholla nam-de 55.0%, Kyungsang nam-do 52.0%, Kyungsang buk-do 49.7%, Chungchong but-do 42.4%, Kyonggi-do 32.9%. Cheju-do 30.8%, Kangwon-do 25.8%. 14) Two thirds of health critters have experienced the abscence of the director for a certain period since 1966 and the average span of the abscence was 18.2 months. 15) The percentage of doctorless myons increased proportionally with the span of the director's abscence. 16) The average budgets of health centers, kun, city and ku, were $W15.03\;million{\pm}W4.5\;million,\;W22.03\;million{\pm}W17.80\;million,\;W13.10\;million{\pm}W7.9\;million$ respectively. 17) Chunju city had the highest health budget per capita(W344) while Pusan Seo ku had the lowest(W19). 18) Director's medical subsidies are W30,000-50,000 in kun, and roughly W20,000 in city. 19) The older of priority in health center activities is T.B. control(31.1%), Family Planning and M. C. H.(28.0%), prevention of acute communicable disease and endemic disease (18.2%) and clinical care of patients(14.3%). 20) Nearly 32% opposed in principle the governmental policy of prohibiting medical doctors from going abroad. 21) Suggestions for immediate enhancing the position of director of health centers and subcenters: (1) Raise the base subsidy (48.2%), (2) Provide more opportunities for promotion (20.7%), (3) Exemption from army services(12.1%), (4) Full scholarship to medical students for this purpose only (7.8%). 22) A newly established medical school was opposed by 56.9% of the directors, however 33.6% of them approved. 23) Pertaining to the division of labor in Medicine and Pharmacy, the largest portion (31.9%) urged the immediate partial division of antibiotics and some addictive drugs to be given only by prescription. 24) More than half wanted a W70,000 level for the director's medical subsidies, white 36.2% stated W50,000. 25) Urgently needed skills in the kun are clinical pathologist (38.6%) and doctor (health center director) (25.5%); while in the city nurse (37.1%), doctors(clinical)(31.4%) and health educators(14.4%) are needed. 26) Essential treatment for the better health center administration; raising the base subsidy (22.7%), obtaining the power of personal management (19.3%) and the establishment of a Board of Health (14.3%). etc.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.929-939
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify knowledge of universal precautions and its performance in practice. The research was conducted from November 2 to 30, 1998. A total 515 student nurses ; 249 from a baccalaureate nursing college and 266 from second and third year of a 3-year community nursing college were surveyed. The results are as following : 1. The average score for universal precautions knowledge was 270.41$\pm$19.43/300(range 150-300). The results showed that 99.2% of students avoid injury from used needles, 98.6% answered that they always wash their hands if they had contact with the patient's blood and they always dispose of used needles in special collectors (97.7%) for needles. But, 39.2% responsed that they dispose of used needles after recapping them. 2. The average score for universal precautions knowledge of the senior students in the 4-year college was the highest (277.65$\pm$13.99). 3. The average score for the performance of universal precautions knowledge was 53.18 $\pm$5.91(range 14-70). The items : ‘I cautiously avoid injury from the used needles’(4.92$\pm$0.33), ‘I always wash my hands if there has been contact with the patient's blood’(4.91$\pm$0.34), and ‘I always disposed of used needles in the appropriate collector’(4.89$\pm$0.42) showed the highest performance. However ‘I always dispose of used needles after recapping them’(2.19$\pm$1.39) and ‘I always use protection goggles when in danger of contamination’(2.19$\pm$1.20) showed low performance level. 4. The highest average score for universal precautions performance was shown among the second year students in 3-year nursing college (54.19$\pm$6.92) between the groups. It showed that the level of the universal precautions performance was higher for those who had education on university precautions prior to performance of the universal precautions than for those without any prior education. 5. The percentage of students who reported the experience of direct contact with patients' blood and/or body fluids was 42.30%. The experience of direct contact with blood and/or body fluids of the educational group was significantly higher than those were not educated. 6. The most frequent cause of the direct contact was ‘needle pricking and/or skin cut’(63.04%). The most frequent substance with which the students contact was ‘blood’(59.85%). The majority of the sample had answered that the mode of contamination was ‘unknown’(63.54%). The majority of the sample answered that strategies used after contamination included ‘washing with soap’(33.61%). Reviewing the chart of patients or asking other health professionals(28.85%). 7. The number of students who had the experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut was 145(28.16%). The clinical practice places where the incidents occurred were mainly in the internal medicine unit (45.07%) and the surgical unit (31.92%) followed by the intensive care unit and the emergency unit in order. The experience of a needle stick and/or skin cut happened during on intra-muscular injection 47.34% and intravenous injection 21.81%. The causes of the needle stick and/or skin cut were ‘putting the needle cap back on 77(35.81%)’. The number of students who took an appropriate post management blood test and/or vaccination was 27(18.62%). 8. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient between the knowledge of universal precautions and performance of universal precautions in practice showed a positive correlation.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to study of utilization of dental high school and according to the pain experienced dental fear and anxiety. This survey was conducted on 370 high school students in Suwon from November 21 to 23, 2011. A total of 352 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The collected data was analyzed using the statistical package SPSS 15.0 using frequency, mean and standard deviation analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's test correlation analysis and Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results state that students feel fear and anxiety were feeling anesthetic needle ($3.19{\pm}1.43$), seeing anesthetic needle ($3.14{\pm}1.44$). We found that students feel more rear and anxiety from caries treatment than scaling. It influence that having dental fear with past dental pain experienced during dental treatment and also hearing dental treatment of pain from their family and friends. We found out that there are some influencing factors on dental fear and anxiety, gender, oral health condition, smoking, pain experienced during dental treatment. We need to care dental fear and anxiety continuously and have prevention program. We have to try understanding students have dental fear and anxiety. So it's better they have good experience visiting dental clinic. We should develop the system and specially treat well while they have dental treatment with anesthesia and some sharp instruments.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.70-80
• /
• 2015

This research was conducted to improve the image of female emergency workers in a fire service organization by studying the perception trends of the increasing number of female paramedics. This human resource can be utilized more effectively by using the study results as baseline data. We conducted a survey from May 1 to June 30, 2013. The survey was analyzed using Q methodology and the program QUANL. For the Q sample, 31 emergency rescue paramedic students who had experienced ambulance field education were selected. As a result, four types of female paramedics were found; "superwoman," "hero" (who pushes against limits of stamina), "delicate guardian angel," and "skillful desk worker." The explanation powers were as follows: type I: 42.2%; type II: 4.8%; type III: 4%; and type IV: 3.6%. The sum of the figures explained 54.7% of the total variables. Generally, the students recognized female paramedics as professionals, but physical strength, baby care, and caring were considered as burdens. This requires changes in the organization's perception of female paramedics and an institutional strategy.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.77-90
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the practice of eating life and the needs of dietary education of high school students. The data was collected by means of questionaire form the total of 463 high school students who were living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk province. Recognition of the need dietary education was 3.47/5.00, the utilization in daily life was 3.16, the degree of interesting was 3.23, and the degree of difficulty was 2.82. The reason of necessity was health care and growth (54.6%). The reasons of interesting were as follows: various information (28.3%), job choices (21.2%), happy family life (20.7%), cooking practice (19.7%). The degree of dietary education needs was 3.24. The need of cooking ability improvement was highest as 3.59. The practice of eating life was 3.41. Such as hand washing, food hygiene was the highest as 3.71. But the items of healthy eating life and evaluation of eating life were the lowest. The practice in daily life was positively correlated with recognition of the need, utilization, interest. But it was a negative correlation with the difficulty. Therefore dietary education should be strengthened in home economics subject, and to increase the rate of daily practice the teaching content and methods must be improved. In addition, dietary education in schools should be closely connected with families and local communities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.355-362
• /
• 2016

This study is descriptive research to investigate frequency of performance, self-confidence and performance assessment scores of core nursing skills by 227 nursing students. As the result of this study, they who experienced more than 10times in clinical practice was V/S and they never experienced items such as transfusion, enema and T-tube care. For pre self-confidence, they had the highest V/S and the lowest transfusion. For post self-confidence, they had the lowest IM. As a result of the evaluation, oxygen therapy with nasal cannula was measured highest, and IM was measured lowest. Frequency of performance had positive correlations with self-confidence(r=0.414, p<.001) and performance assessment scores(r=0.322, p=.007). Self-confidence with performance assessment scores had positive correlation(r=0.281, p=.003). Study results suggested that clinical practice is carried out, non-invasive, simple measurements, and they had low self-confidence of the items with low frequency of performance, so convergency training methods to complement this point are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.317-324
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to find how the childcare teacher aptitude of students majoring in childcare and education influences their perception of teacher professionalism. To achieve that, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 216 early childhood preservice teachers living in A city. For data processing and analysis, SPSS program was used so as to conduct frequency analysis and calculate the mean and standard deviation. In addition, to test reliability and find relations between variables, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted. As a result, firstly, in terms of the childcare teacher aptitude perceived by the students majoring in childcare and education, they highly perceived an affinity with young children and a sense of calling of their job; in terms of their perception of teacher professionalism, they highly perceived social necessity and vocational ethics. Secondly, early childhood preservice teachers' childcare teacher aptitude had a statistically significant correlation with their perception of teacher professionalism. Thirdly, the sub factors of early childhood preservice teachers' childcare teacher aptitude all positively influenced the sub factors of the perception of teacher professionalism. Given the study results, the students majoring in childcare and education perceived the importance of their aptitude of childcare teacher. In order to provide high-quality childcare service and create the positive aptitude of childcare teacher, it will be necessary to conduct a variety of basic research.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.303-309
• /
• 2023

This study conducted a survey using Google on 282 college students to investigate college students' awareness of COVID-19, which has been converted into a class 4 infectious disease. As a result, the average level of interest in COVID-19 information was 2.85, and the average level of interest in COVID-19 information was 2.85. 54% did not know that the level had changed, showing that interest in COVID-19 was not high. In terms of personal hygiene attitude, the average of those who are not currently wearing a mask was 3.95, but the average of those who wear a mask when necessary was 3.94, washing hands for more than 30 seconds, washing hands frequently, and coughing etiquette were observed well. Additionally, awareness of infection was observed by others. Rather, they thought of their symptoms as connected to COVID-19 and were still conscious of COVID-19 infection (average 3.85). Additionally, COVID-19 was recognized as a threatening infectious disease that could cause a resurgence and repeat a pandemic. Since the crisis stage regarding COVID-19 can change at any time in the WithCorona era, this study sought to provide basic data for successful response to future crises by investigating trends in changes in people's perceptions.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.351-359
• /
• 2022

The subjects of this study were 167 students in the 3rd and 4th grade of Nursing who had experienced clinical practice at G University located in E-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do. The data collection period was from December 1 to December 18, 2020. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program, and the general characteristics of subjects, clinical practice stress and clinical practice satisfaction were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Differences in nursing professionalism were analyzed by t-test and one-way ANOVA. The correlation between clinical practice stress, clinical practice satisfaction, and nursing professionalism was analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression was used to analyze factors affecting the nursing profession. As a result of the study, major satisfaction (β=.256, p=.001) was the strongest influencing variable, and clinical practice satisfaction (β=.237, p=.004) and clinical practice stress (β=.-.143, p= .068) were identified as factors affecting nursing professionalism. The explanatory power of these total variables was 21.8% (F=.14..44, p=.000). The above research results suggest that it is necessary to develop and apply educational strategies and specific programs to improve nursing professionalism.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.5063-5070
• /
• 2011

Foot-and-mouth disease occurs in cattle or wild animal with two hooves such as cow, pig, sheep, goat, and deer. In this study, survey on knowledge, awareness, and lifestyle about foot-and-mouth disease was performed on 398 elementary school in 5 regions in Gyeonggi-do. 49 people (92.5%) from the group who have been educated about the foot-and-mouth disease replied that they have heard of foot-and-mouth disease and 139 people (68.5%) from the group who have not been educated about the disease replied that they have not heard of the disease. About the knowledge regarding "Foot-and-mouth disease virus is destroyed at temperatures above $50^{\circ}C$, so cooked food is free from the virus", only 26 people (49.1%) from the educated group and 82 people (40.4%) have correct knowledge. When asked about when education on disease such as foot-and-mouth disease, both groups replied that the education should be done in elementary school. The FMD includes in Korea and is a disease where the infection occurrence is happening continuously from the various nation. Must prepare with a recognition and the knowledge where the people are proper.