• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.515-525
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze of how the elementary school teachers lead their classes of a science laboratory instruction and an engineering laboratory instruction in a science subject class. For this study, science laboratory and engineering laboratory lessons were selected and for each science and engineering laboratory lesson, five elementary school teachers were video-recorded of their lessons. The science and engineering laboratory lessons were analyzed by utilizing processes of the science model and the engineering model based on Schauble et al. (1991). The results of these studies are as follows: In science laboratory instruction, some participants didn't distinguish the difference between the science laboratory goal and the engineering laboratory goal. All of participants used search and end strategy of engineering laboratory for science laboratory lesson. In engineering laboratory instruction, all of participants guided to students engineering laboratory goal and used inferences and search strategy of engineering laboratory. However they didn't use the trial and error strategy or redesign which can be an essential element in engineering and design process. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 1997

In this paper we investigate weak convergence of the intergral processes whose index set is the non-compact infinite time interval. Our first goal is to develop the empirical central limit theorem as random elements of [0, .infty.) for an integral process which is constructed from iid variables. In developing the weak convergence as random elements of D[0, .infty.), we will use a result of Ossiander(4) whose proof heavily depends on the total boundedness of the index set. Our next goal is to establish the empirical central limit theorem for the Kaplan-Meier integral process as random elements of D[0, .infty.). In achieving the the goal, we will use the above iid result, a representation of State(6) on the Kaplan-Meier integral, and a lemma on the uniform order of convergence. The first result, in some sense, generalizes the result of empirical central limit therem of Pollard(5) where the process is regarded as random elements of D[-.infty., .infty.] and the sample paths of limiting Gaussian process may jump. The second result generalizes the first result to random censorship model. The later also generalizes one dimensional central limit theorem of Stute(6) to a process version. These results may be used in the nonparametric statistical inference.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.142-159
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• 1999

To assign the soldiers in the adequate positions I military is almost as important as managing officers because they compose the main part of military structure and equipment operators. The current Military Occupational Specialty(MOS) assignment system lacks the capability to optimize the use of recruit's potential. We suggest an MOS assignment method for enlisted recruits using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method, this method systematically provides a method of calculation of composite relative weights of decision elements to be considered during MOS assignment and a method of quantification for personal quality of new recruits. The quantified value of personal quality, Mission Performance Capability(MPC), in this study means the mission performance capability when a personnel is assigned to a certain MOS. This paper develops a multiple objectives MOS assignment model for enlisted recruits. It uses MPC of personnels, calculated with AHP method and consensus method, as parameters. The goal constraints are assurance of filling requirement, minimization of the number of unassigned personnel to MOS, capability satisfaction of education facility and support facility, assurance of desired MPC value level for MOS assignment, and maximization of total MPC. The objective function is to terminalization of the negative or positive deviation for the above goal constraints.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.10-29
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• 2023

Grit or perseverance as a factor for student success and life has gained increasing attention. Statistical methods have been the norm in analyzing various aspects of grit, but they do not address the transient and dynamic behavior well. We, for the first time, developed two linear dynamical models that specifically address the feedback structure of a child's desire to achieve a high grade point average (GPA) and the necessary effort that will increase stress between parents and a child. We call the dynamical model as GSES (Goal, Status, Effort & Stress). The two dynamical models incorporate the positive (i.e., achieving a high GPA) and the negative sides (i.e., effort and elevated stress and thus unhappiness) for being gritty or perseverant. Different types of parenting style and a child's characteristics were simulated whether parents and a child are empathetic or stubborn to their expectations and stress (i.e., willing or unwilling to change). Simulations show that when both parents and a child are empathetic to each other's expectation and stress, the most stable situations with minimal stress and effort occur. When a stubborn parent's and a stubborn child were studied together, this resulted in the highest elevation of stress and effort. Stubborn parents and a complying or empathetic child resulted in considerably high stress to a child. Interference from parents may unexpectedly result in a situation in which a child's stress is seriously elevated. The GSES model shows the U-shaped happiness curve (i.e., reciprocal of stress) caused by the increasing and then decreasing goal

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.315-334
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• 2015

A main goal of this study is to propose a damage detection technique to detect and localize damages of a top-tensioned riser. In this paper, the top-tensioned finite element (FE) model is considered as an analytical model of the riser, and a vibration-based damage detection method is proposed. The present method consists of a FE model updating and damage index method. In order to accomplish the goal of this study, first, a sensitivity-based FE model updating method using natural frequencies and zero frequencies is introduced. Second, natural frequencies and zero frequencies of the axial mode on the top-tensioned riser are estimated by eigenvalue analysis. Finally, the locations and severities of the damages are estimated from the damage index method. Three numerical examples are considered to verify the performance of the proposed method.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to propose a teaching and learning model that can effectively manage convergence education, which is one of the concerns of university education, at the level of course. The pre-collaborative instructional design stage is to prepare the operation of the convergence project course. It shares the common goal and establishes a team of relevant professors to set up the actual convergence project topic and establishes cooperation relationships with industry or community as needed. In the convergence project activity, students will be able to understand the learning objectives, learning activities, evaluation methods, and explain the subject of the convergence project by proceeding with the whole orientation. Students organize teams of interest and conduct learning and design activities on convergence technologies and present their results. In the educational improvement activities, professors will share the lesson process and results and discuss improvements through the improvement seminar. As a result of analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed convergence project based teaching and learning model, the convergence project experience has improved the cooperative self - efficacy for the learners and the results were confirmed that students perceived to achieve the expected learning goal and satisfied with their experience.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.69-85
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• 1983

Nonlinear Goal Programming(NGP)이 Multiple Objective Decision Making(MODM) 문제(問題)를 적정화(適正化)할 수 있는 방법(方法)으로 소개(紹介)가 되었다. 그리고 6 가지의 벼 조제(調製) 및 저장시설(貯藏施設)을 분석(分析)한 후, NGP에 의(依)하여 적정시설설계(適正施設設計)를 하기 위하여 Model Systems를 개발(開發)하고 그에 의(依)하여 MODM의 수학적(數學的) 모형(模型)을 개발(開發)하였다.

• IE interfaces
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 1988

This paper describes a nonlinear goal programming approach to the optimal composition of composite solid propellant taking multiple characteristics into consideration synchronously. The nonlinear goal programming model with response functions, restrictions and the optimal value of each characteristic is developed using Scheffe's "Experiments with mixtures" and preference weighting system. Objective functions are described based on process, performance and assurance characteristics. The systematic approach to optimal composition in this study is proved efficient through a CTPB-AL-AP propellant which is one of composite solid propellant systems.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 1991

This paper is concerned with the production-distribution problem with multiple conflicting objectives. In reality business firms should take account not only of the profit maximization but of various environmental criteria, namely customer services, in order to improve the business logistics. A production-distribution model of goal porgramming type considering the lead time and distribution cost by products is constructed, the solution algorithm is developed, which is based on the Ignizio's method. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of goal programming for production-distribution problem.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.332-343
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• 2020

As a study on the purchase intention of digital music, the research applied the Extended Model of Goal-directed Behavior(EMGB) with the perceived value and empirically evaluated the impact of variables such as attitude, subjective norms, positive and negative anticipated emotions, perceived behavioral control and desire on the purchase intention. The study was conducted using a survey data collected from valid questionnaires of 342 copies aimed at Chinese mobile music application users and employed the structure equation model. The findings indicate that attitude, negative anticipated emotions, perceived behavioral control towards digital music purchasing and the frequency of past behavior positively influenced users' desire for digital music purchasing. Another result has been confirmed that perceived value, which was an added variable, showed a significant impact on attitude. Along with the frequency of past behavior and desire, perceived value also exerted positive influence on purchase intention.