• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.364-371
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to weigh the students' backpacks of middle school in daily use and to analyse their physiological responses and subjective senses when carrying backpack in order to promote healthy and comfort school life of girl middle school students. Two female students were subjects who answered the questionnaires on two types of backpack and their metabolism, perspiration and the changes of skin temperature were measured in constant environment chamber, $25{\pm}1$ and $49{\pm}10$% RH. They walked on the treadmill carrying the backpack with the increment of backpack weight, 2 kg, 4 kg to 6 kg. When the backpack increases to 6 kg, the discomfort parameters and responses increases rapidly. Comparing with general type, improved type of backpack showed good results in physiological responses, but not in subjective senses, such as the ease of movement, pain, or total preference, specially in 2 kg and 4 kg. The girl students prefer the general type of backpack which is of fashion and small, when it weighs light such as 2 kg or 4 kg, while they prefer the improved bag which is functional when it is heavy as 6 kg. The longer wearing time of the medium weight, for example, 4 kg without feeling or recognition of any discomfort due to fashion style, might cause the students' posture and health weaker or more vulnerable to the problems.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.705-717
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• 1998

Ostomates have suffered from many difficulties due to their physical, psychosocial handicaps and changes of life style to include ostoma management that influences their daily and quality of life. An appropriate nursing education for ostoma management is very important. Practical educational materials needs revision because those were developed by pharmaceutical companies and hospital institutions. The purpose of this study is to provide more practical and reasonable education materials for ostomates by doing analysis and survey of educational materials now being used. We surveyed 8 types of educational materials used in 23 university hospitals and medical centers in Seoul ; four of them were developed by department of nursing and the remainder by an Ostomy Company Data, collected from July 14, 1997 through July 31, 1997 were analyzed. The results are as follows ; 1. The analysis of education guide, on ostomate included 14 subcategories : introduction, structure and function of gastrointestinal tracts, definition of stoma, types of ostomy, definition of peristalsis, methods of defecation management, selection of instrument, resolution of problems and general situations following surgery, daily life, where to ask for help, explanations for terms, information about where to buy instrument, explanations for enterostomal therapist, a matter of consultation with doctor, etc. 2. Introduction contained specific contents on practical ostomate management that ostomates would experience through their lives. Ostomate education guides were developed 3 hospitals except one which missed this point. 3. Most ostomate education guides, except one hospital, helped ostomates to understand their physical structure changes with specific explanations on gastrointestinal tracts with figures. 4. Six institutions did not talk about the definition of peristalsis. 5. All institutions, except two, helped ostomates to understand types of ostomy with figures. 6. More detailed explanations on natural defecation are needed. The benefits and pitfalls of natural defecation should be more specified. 7 No psychosocial difficulties of ostomy management were addressed. 8. The efficiency of enema can be better understood through all explanations with figures. Some institutions did not mention items about definition, benefits, pitfalls of enema, sequency of enema, how to wash, cautions performing and enema, skin management, cleaning instrument after enema proper time to spend. 9. There were no detailed contents and what to do in case of not being able to do enema. 10. Only one educational material mentioned emotional aspects after the surgrey. 11. Most institutions explained subcategory of daily life but did not provide specific contents on the difficulties of physical, psychological, and sociocultural controls. 12. The subcategory of ureterostomy education guides included explanations on normal structure and function of urinary tracts, types of ureterostomy, how to manage skin, usage and types of instrument, commercial urostomy, how to manage instrument, daily life, introduced the general contents. However, more specific explanations were needed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.422-429
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• 2006

본 연구는 여가활동 여부가 노인들의 정신건강 수준, 식생활 및 영양상태에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 경기도 수원에 거주하는 60세 이상의 남 여 노인 104명(여가활동을 하는 노인과 하지 않는 노인 각각 82명씩)을 대상으로 실시되었다. 조사항목은 노인 대상자의 일반 환경 요인, 생활습관, 정신건강 수준, 식생활 및 영양소 섭취 등이다 일반환경요인으로는 연령, 성별, 가족관계, 교육정도, 한달 용돈, 용돈의 출처, 직업의 유무와 종류, 주거형태를, 생활습관으로는 음주, 흡연, 수면시간을, 식습관 특성으로는 식사의 규칙성, 결식 여부와 이 유, 식욕정도, 식사소요시간, 식사량, 저작형태 및 치아상태 등을 조사하였다. 영양소 섭취 상태 조사는 24시간 회상법으로, 정신건강 수준은 한국어판 우울증검사를 통하여 조사하였다. 노인 대상자의 평균 연령은 72세정도로서 여가활동을 하는 노인들은 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인들에 비해 교육수준과 소득수준이 높았고 용돈도 많아 경제수준이 높았으며, 노령임에도 불구하고 자신의 일을 가지고 있는 비율이 더 높았다. 생활습관의 경우 여가활동을하지 않는 노인의 경우 음주와 흡연율이 높게 나타났으며 우울증 검사결과, 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인에서 우울증의 비율이 훨씬 높았다. 식생활습관에서도 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인의 경우, 불규칙인 식습관을 갖는 노인의 비율이 높았고, 식욕은 보통정도였으나 식사장애요인이 더 많았으며, 치아상태가 불량하여 식사를 제대로 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 열량 섭취량은 여가활동을 하는 노인이 하지 않는 노인에 비해 약 300 kcal 정도 많았으나 전체 노인 대상자들은 한국인 영양권장량에 비해 적게 섭취하고 있었다. 개별 영양소 섭취량의 경우 여가활동을 하는 노인에서는 아연과 비타민 $B_2$를 제외하고는 영양소 섭취상태가 매우 좋은 것으로 나타났으나 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인의 경우는 대부분의 영양소 섭취량이 매우 낮아 영양문제가 심각한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 노인의 경우 여가활동을 하는 노인들은 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인에 비해 정신건강 수준, 생활습관, 식생활습관 및 영양소 섭취상태가 매우 좋았는데 반해 여가활동을 하지 않는 노인들은 음주와 흡연율이 높고, 불규칙적인 식습관과 심리적인 식사장애요인을 가지고 있었으며, 식사섭취방법이 불량하고 영양소 섭취량도 매우 낮아 심각한 영양문제가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 노인기의 적절한 여가활동은 육체적, 정신적 건강 유지에 매우 중요한 요인으로 생각되며, 노인 스스로 건강한 생활양식으로의 태도 변화가 이루어지도록 하기 위해서 노인복지를 위한 적극적인 정책이나 영양개선 방안을 수립하는 것이 시급하다고 하겠다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.284-298
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• 2007

Due to consumers' preferences for seeking a quality life and having more leisure time, comfortableness became a major criteria for selecting clothes for all age groups. This is why consumers' interests in knitwear increased recently. The purpose of this study is to analyze the knitwear consumption patterns such as style preferences, and consumer satisfaction with knitwear. Particularly, differences in age groups of consumers were analyzed. Data from 463 men and women participated in the study. Results indicated that consumers wear knits once or twice a week in average. After two to three years of consumption, they discard the knitwear. Among various apparel product categories, Consumers selected Cardigan to be the preferable knitwear product category. They preferred 100% cotton and achromatic or gray/brown color with solid fabrics. In general, consumers were most satisfied with colors and least satisfied with laundering of knitwear. Older consumers preferred knitwear to woven products, preferred pull-over style and valued feelings of softness and comfortableness when wearing knitwear. There were more differences in dissatisfaction factors than satisfaction factors according to the consumer age groups.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3061-3067
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• 2013

본 논문은 제2차 세계대전 이후 미국 캘리포니아에서 전개된 케이스 스터디 하우스(CSH) 프로그램을 대상으로 유럽에서 시작된 근대주택의 개념이 미국화되어 가는 과정을 파악하고 그 건축적 특징을 제시하고자 한다. CSH 프로그램은 미국식 근대주택의 개념이 설정되어 가는 과정에서 선도적인 기여를 한 것으로 이해되지만, 동시에 실행과정의 한계때문에 공공사업으로 확대되지 못하고 소규모의 실험적 프로젝트로 한정되었다. CSH프로그램의 실행단계에서 가장 큰 난제는 주택시장의 유통과정에서 효과적으로 대응하지 못하고 가격경쟁력을 잃어버린 점이다. 하지만, 유럽의 근대건축을 수용하고 발전시켜 미국식 실용주의에 근거한 독자적인 건축양식으로, 그리고 미국 근대건축의 원형(prototype)으로 이해될 수 있도록 했다는 측면에서 CSH 프로그램의 중요성은 높게 평가받아야 한다. CSH 주택들은 유럽 근대주의의 연장선상에서 실용주의를 기반으로 한 미국식 근대주택의 개념을 대변하는 위치에 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of costume and its ornaments which are appeared in the traditional wedding ceremonial customs and the wedding costumes of Eastern Slav, that is consisted of Russian, Belarusian and Ukrainian from the 19 to the early of 20C. In this study, many different procedures of wedding ceremony with a various kind of wedding costumes are shown. A wedding custom of Eastern Slav had been developed by a intermixed style of the Christianism and a paganism. The wedding custom is organized by the 3 sequential procedures; before a wedding, a wedding, after a wedding Their wedding means the union of the bride into the bridegrooms family in order to establish a new family. Therefore, the wedding costumes have been developed according to this, and the head gears have developed as a symbol which presents the meaning. A brides costume is composed of a head gear, \"Lubaha\", and \"Sarafan\" or a skirt. A bridegrooms one is made up of \"Lubaha\", and trousers. These costumes are kept through their whole life, and are worn in every important ceremonial period. Even though, the wedding customs and the wedding costumes of Russia, Belarus, and Ukrain have been developed by their general commonness, there are regionally certain differences. It is one of the important research object of the Eurasian era in the view point of culture and ethnographic, that to know the symbolism appeared in the traditional weeding ceremonial customs and the wedding costumes of Eastern Slav.ding costumes of Eastern Slav.

• 복식
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the trend of plural eclecticism in costumes appearing on the stages of the world's top 4 musicals based on the general researches and establishments made of the mentioned concept. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the aspects of eclectics appearing in overall pieces can be defined as situational eclecticism. It can be attributed to the dramatic elements contrasted in the storyline of the musical and occurs in mixture with various situations. Showing combinations of costumes from varying situations at once in the same stage makes the audience feel the dynamic elements of the piece. Second, the aspect of temporal eclecticism, which can be seen in the 'Phantom of the Opera' regarding mixture of crinoline style and art nouveau style, resulted from the partial mixture of classical elements for maximizing visual beauty in the historical pieces. Third, the aspect of spatial eclecticism can be observed in the musical 'Miss Saigon', which used costumes that combined multicultural elements by exposing different spaces and cultures such as America and Vietnam. It eclectically expresses the unique cultures and costumes of each country. Fourth, 'Les Miserables' shows the aspect of situational eclecticism, through its use of mixture of situations in various aspects, and in particular, the male and female costumes that blur the boundaries of life, death, and costume, the mixture of people's costume and aristocrat's costume, and the situational elements where the good and evil are contrasted are integrated eclectically to make the story dramatic.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2007

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stresses to female university students and their habits of dealing with stresses through drinking alcohol and smoking. Methods : Subjects, 313 students, were selected through convenience sampling method from the 2 four-year universities in Chonbuk and Chonnam province from May to June, 2005. Data were collected through the structured questionnaires that include general characteristics, Quantity Frequency methods, the number of cigarette per day, campus stress scale, and stress coping style scale, and they were analyzed by Cronbach' alpha, descriptive statistics, ANOVA and t-test by using SPSS/PC⁺ program. Results: In this study, 80% of subjects have drunk alcohol. The mean frequency of drinking alcohol per month was 4.68 times and the mean number of alcohol consumption amount per drinking 6.16 glasses. The rate of smoking was 13.7%, and the mean number smoking cigarette per day in the previous month was 12.4. The mean score of stress was 2.20. Among 8 sub-factors of stress, study related stress scored highest among the sub-factors. The mean score of coping styles was 2.50. Among 4 coping styles, hopeful thought was mostly used. Among stresses, the concern of one's future affected her drinking habits. Faculty relationship, academic problem, and value affected smoking habits. Hopeful thought comes out to affect smoking, while drinking, perceived health status, and practice time showed no relationship with coping style. Conclusion: Based on the results, developing a life stress counseling program and effective coping program for women's university students is imperative, especially for those of who show passive attitude toward stress and solve it emotionally instead of using problem-oriented methods. Also, it will be necessary to study further nursing intervention to curb university females' drinking alcohol and smoking.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2005

본 연구는 고혈합 진단을 받고 일개 도농복합 2개 지역 12개 보건진료소에 등록된 고혈압 환자 중 연구에 동의한 304명을 대상으로 2004년 6월 21일 ~ 7월 16일까지 4주간에 걸쳐 고혈압 환자들의 약물치료 및 생활요법에 대한 순응정도와 이에 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 실시되었다. 순응군은 약물요법을 꾸준히 하면서 생활요법 측정 점수가 9점 이상인 군으로 하였고, 약물요법은 꾸준히 하지 않거나 생활요법 점수가 9점 미만인 군을 비순응군으로 분류 하였고, 일반적인 특성, 건강신념모델변수, 고혈압에 대한 지식, 자기효능감 등을 조사 하였다. 또한 남자와 여자의 특성이 다를 것으로 생각하고 남녀 각각에 대해 순응군과 비순응군으로 분류하여 통계적인 분석을 실시하였으며, 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 규칙적으로 약물치료를 받는다고 응답한 경우 남자(90.3%), 여자(93.3%), 생활요법을 실행 한다고 응답한 경우 남자(452%), 여자(56.4%)로 나타났다. 2. 남자는 교육수준이 높을수록 고혈압에 대한 순응군이 높았으며 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.05). 3. 남녀순응군에 있어서 자기효능감 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 여자순응군에 있어서 고혈압에 대한 지식 점수가 유의 하게 높았다(p<0.05). 4. 건강신념모델 변수와 관련해서는 남자에서는 감수성과 유익성, 여자에서는 심각성, 유익성, 장애도가 유의한 변수였다(p<0.05). 5. 순응군과 비순응군을 종속변수로 한 다중로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 남자에 있어서는 교육수준, 자기효능감이 여자에 있어서는 고혈압에 대한 지식, 자기효능감, 유익성이 통계적으로 유의한 변수로 나타났다(p<0.05). 고혈압 환자의 관리에 있어 약물치료 못지않게 중요한 것은 생활습관의 개선이다. 보건진료소에 등록된 고혈압 환자의 경우 대부분 규칙적인 약물치료를 받고 있어, 보건진료원은 이에 대한 정기적인 확인과 더불어 잘못된 생활습관을 고칠 수 있도록 하고 효과적인 보건교육을 통해 고혈압에 대한 올바른 지식을 습득하도록 하여야겠다. 또한 환자들을 대상으로 자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하여 생활습관 개선을 통한 합병증 예방 등 순응에 따른 유익성에 대해 보다 적극적으로 인지시켜야겠다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-42
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• 1993

To understand the dietary culture in Poongki region which was established as Kamrokchon of a folk community, the transmission pattern of the traditional dietary life was investigated by questionnaire to 383 housewives, and the results are as follows : 1) Daily diet : Among 65 traditional main dishes of 6 areas including Kyungsangdo, D’cokguk of Kyungsangdo was consumed most frequently, 87%. General consumption rate based on origin of food was 33.3% of Kyungsangdo, 21.2% of Chungchongdo, 13.1% of Kangwondo, 11.9% of Hwanghaedo, 1.1% of Pyungando and Hamkyungdo, respectively. Among 243 traditional minor dishes, Doenjangjjigye and Kochuchang of Kyungsangdo were most consumed as rates of 91.6%, 89.3%, respectively. General consumption rate based on origin was in order of 38.4% of Kyungsangdo, 19.3% of Chungchongdo, 14.9% of Kwangwondo, 10.4% of Hamkyungdo, 8.7% of Hwanghaedo and 8.3% of Pyungando. 2) Special diet : Among 66 traditional D’ocks, Injeolmi of Hamkyungd was consumed most freguently, 58%. General consumption rate based on origin was in order of 26.3% of Hwanghaedo, 17.6% of Kyungsangdo, 16.1% of Kwangwondo, 16.0% of Hamkyungdo, 13.0% of Pyungando and 11.0% of Chungchongdo. Among 27 cookies, Kangjeong of Hamkyungdo was consumed most frequently 46.7%. General consumption rates based on origin was in order of 55.7% of Hamkyungdo, 22.7% of Kyungsangdo, 2.4% of Pyungando, 5.8% of Kwangwondo, 3.0% of Chungchongdo and 0.4% of Hwanghaedo. Among 19 refresh drinks, Kamju of Kyungsangdo was consumed most frequently, 76.0%. General consumption rate based on origin was in order of 74.3% of Kyungsangdo, 7.8% of Chungchongdo, 6.9% of Hamkyungdo, 5.9% of Hwanghaedo and 5.1% of Kwangwondo. 3) Ceremonial diet : Myyeogguk and Baeksulgi for the 100-Days ceremony and Hynbab and Baeksulgi for the First Birthday were used mainly. For birthday, noodle(59.5%) for lunch besides rice as main dish and Soojeoggwa(37.9%) were served and noodle(30.8%) was used for host. Thirty percent of the varieties used traditionally for Pyehak and 40-50% of the varieties for Jesa(Memorial day) are still prepared currently. 4) Seasonal diet : For Jeolsik(major seasonal diet), the usage rates are as follows : D’ockguk(87%) for Jeongwolchoharu, Ogokbab(77.6%) for Jeongwoldaeborum, Patjuk(72.6%) for Dongji, Samsaeknamul(54.1%) for Chusuk. Relatively high usage rates of Surichi-D’ock(40.5%) for Dano and Mandu(40.5%) for Suddalgumumnal are probably due to the immigrated people from this area and the geographical effect. The consumption rates of Sisik(minor seasonal diet) for Chunghwajeol, Samjinal, Youdooil, Chungyangjeol and Muoil are about 10% and the rates for Chopail and Chilsuk are followed. Gaejang and Nangmyon for Sambok used as a rate of 32%. 5) Others : Table pattern; Table for one person(4.7%), table for two(16.7%), table for several(64.2%), table with chair(14.4%) are used. Serving pattern; All-together style(69.7%), monopoly style(24.0%), personaldish style(6.3%) are used. Cooking ware; Among 95 varieties, Doma and Jangban are used most(62.7%) and Pulmae, Poonju and Budulgori are never used. Nine sorts besides Jeongoltle are used as a rate of less than 1%. About 25% of total subjects were the immigrants from other areas. Some of them were moved in due to Chunggamrok. In conclusion, the usage of the traditional food is thought to be maintained well despite of the rapid change to incustrialized society because the native Kyungsangdo foods are combined with foods from the neighboring Kwangwondo, Chungchongdo and northern area.