• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.239-249
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• 2003

Waste policy instruments such as garbage bag-fee system and recycling policy initiated in 1995 have contributed to the reduction of solid waste generation. Rural areas now produce less amount of solid wastes in terms of per capital than urban areas and as compare to a decade ago. However, most policy efforts since the early 1990s related to waste issue have been concentrated in urban areas. Waste problems in rural areas are not the amount itself, but the specific characteristics which are unique in rural regions. Large portion of solid wastes and farming wastes are being illegally treated and/or burned out. Surveys show that the main reasons for the illegal treatment of rural wastes are th lack of systematic policy tools targeting on them, insufficient financial capacity and man power of local governments, rural people's cognition problem about wastes, among others. This study reviews current features of the treatment of rural solid wastes and provides policy suggestions for the resolution of the problem.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2015

본 논문은 자원순환사회 구축을 목표로 필요한 재원마련을 위해 도입예정인 폐기물부담금제에 대응하기 위한 폐기물의 에너지화 제고방안을 인천시를 중심으로 평가하고 폐기물부담금제 도입을 위해 고려하여야 할 사항들을 제안하였다. 인천시의 폐기물 에너지화를 위한 주요 문제점으로 파악된 음식물 류폐기물의 반입량 감소에 따른 폐기물의 고발열량화, 종량제봉투에 혼입되어 배출되는 금속류, 건전지 등을 해결하기 위한 대책을 도출하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1996

The pulverized wastes originated from kitchen garbage grinder cause an additional load in sewage treatment plant and water environment. Therefore, several problems occur in sewer, such as microbial corrosion, odor, psychoda and fly interrupting flow of sewage etc. by their precipitation with earth and sand. This study was conducted on two experiments: hydrogen sulfide gas generation from sediments in sewer and anaerobic batch test. In anaerobic batch test, gas generation was increased when organic compounds were increased in concentration. Sulfide was decreased upon decreasing in sulfate concentration. In $H_2S$ gas generation test along the depth of sediments there were two different sampling sites which are apart from about 50 cm each other in a menhole. The one has the thickness of 55 cm from the surface, the other, of 60 cm. The hydrogen sulfide gas production rates were measured based on ranges from 0 to 10 cm, 10 to 20 cm, 20 to 30 cm for two samples. The results obtained were 1.08, between 0 to 10 cm in depth for the sample thickness of 55 cm and 3.07, 5.36, $5.42{\mu}g/g-VS{\cdot}hr$ in order of depth for the sample thickness of 60 cm, respectively.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.313-331
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• 2017

In this study, teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) is improved by incorporating model of multiple teachers, adaptive teaching factor, self-motivated learning, and learning through tutorial. Modified TLBO (MTLBO) is applied for simultaneous topology, shape, and size optimization of space and planar trusses to study its effectiveness. All the benchmark problems are subjected to stress, displacement, and kinematic stability constraints while design variables are discrete and continuous. Analyses of unacceptable and singular topologies are prohibited by seeing element connectivity through Grubler's criterion and the positive definiteness. Performance of MTLBO is compared to TLBO and state-of-the-art algorithms available in literature, such as a genetic algorithm (GA), improved GA, force method and GA, ant colony optimization, adaptive multi-population differential evolution, a firefly algorithm, group search optimization (GSO), improved GSO, and intelligent garbage can decision-making model evolution algorithm. It is observed that MTLBO has performed better or found nearly the same optimum solutions.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2013

Android has become the most popular platform for mobile devices. However, Android still has critical performance issues, such as "application not responding" errors and hiccups resulting from garbage collection. Many phone vendors have tried to resolve the problems by characterizing and improving the performance. However, there are few insightful performance analysis tools for the Android-based systems. This paper presents AndroScope, which is a performance analysis tool for both the Android platform (Dalvik virtual machine, core libraries, Android libraries, and even Linux kernels) and its applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first tool to collect and analyze performance data from all the software layers of the Android-based systems. AndroScope offers a trace mechanism to collect such deep and wide performance data as hardware performance counters, time, and memory usage. In addition, the tool includes TraceBridge, which is a middleware for the fast handling of mass logs. Moreover, AndroScope offers an integrated graphical user interface with the Android software development kit to display a great volume of the detailed performance data.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.673-677
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• 2010

최근 NAND 플래시 메모리는 소형, 경량, 저전력 소모, 빠른 접근 속도 등의 장점으로 내장형 시스템과 개인용 컴퓨터, 서버 시스템에서 널리 사용되고 있다. 플래시 메모리를 하드 디스크처럼 사용하기 위해서는 플래시 변환 계층이 필요하다. 이전에 많은 플래시 변환 계층들이 제안되었지만 이전에 제안되었던 플래시 변환 계층들은 블록 스래싱 문제와 블록 연관성 등 몇 가지 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이 논문에서는 위의 문제를 해결하기 위한 새로운 플래시 변환 계층을 제안한다. 이 기법은 로그 블록의 연관성을 제한하고 데이터 블록의 연관성을 제한하지 않아 합병 연산의 횟수를 최소화 하고, 새로운 공간 회수 기법은 로그 블록 가비지 컬렉션을 이용하여 합병 연산의 비용을 줄인다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.987-996
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• 2015

최근 환경부의 조사결과에 의하면 대규모 종합병원 대학병원(58개소)의 실내 공기질이 유지기준을 초과한 것으로 나타났다. 내부 공기질은 물론, 병원 규모의 증가와 병원 건축물 대형화에 따른 친환경 건축물 설계와 저탄소 녹색 설계의 필요성이 절실히 요구되고 있는 상황이다. 특히 각 의료기관의 건축물에서 발생되는 이산화탄소, 발열, 쓰레기, 폐에너지, 발전소 배열, 하수열 등의 증가로 인해 병원 환자를 비롯한 병원 고객의 건강에 많은 문제점을 가져다주고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 대규모 의료 단지에 건설되는 각각의 건축물이 가지는 의료기관으로써의 특성을 고려한 저탄소 녹색 친환경 건축설계에 도입되어야 하는 기술 개발과 각 의료 건축물 간의 유기적 관계를 고려한 녹색 친환경 건축디자인 기술을 융합적으로 개발하는 것을 연구목표로 한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.607-614
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• 2006

A survey of middle school students and teachers in Mokpo city has been done to understand the perception of environment of students and the present situation of environmental education in middle school. Only 2 of the 14 middle schools have chosen the environmental education course as a required subject. The majority of middle-school students in Mokpo city have learned the environmental education as a subordinate course included in the other subjects such as science, social science or technology. The environmental education in school has been done mostly through non-subject activities such as club activity, group work etc. The survey shows that almost all students think the environmental pollution is serious problem(83% of respondents) and they are especially interested in separate garbage collection(72%) and environmental conservation activity(63.9%) to protect the environment. The concerns about the environmental problems of students(57.7%) has increased after environmental education regardless educational methods or subjects. The students and teachers think that environmental education in school has not been carried out enough and almost all of them(68.4% of students, 97.5% of teachers) agree that the environmental education should be done as an independent subject. In order to more practical and effective environmental education, many opportunities to experience environmental conservation activities should be given during the environmental education course and the environmental education should be separated from other subjects to be taught independently. Moreover, it might be necessary to increase proportion of teachers in environmental disciplines and to develop various teaching methods.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2020

The purpose of this study utilizes the service design methodology centered on the lives and experiences of rural residents, who are the main beneficiaries of the service, to derive specific problems and needs, and to propose a service improvement plan suitable for the rural residential environment. The study selected Dosan 2-ri Village, Hongseong-gun, Chungcheongnam-do as the target of the survey, used personas and Customer Journey map of service design method to derive specific core issues and insights from the village residents. By developing this, the final five service directions for 'Air care service', 'Self-driving garbage collection and treatment service', 'Emergency/disaster networking service', 'Contaminant removal service' and 'Mobility share service' were derived and presented according to each key keyword. This study is not just a study to grasp the actual conditions of the rural residential environment, but it focuses on the lives and experiences of rural residents and extracts elements that can respond to changes in the lifestyles and patterns of the residents. It can be used as a basic material for more realistic improvement of rural residential environment and service development research. Most of the existing studies on residential environments and spaces is focused on urban areas, and there is a limit to the use of rural areas in residential areas. Therefore, by making recommendations for improvement of residential environment services suitable for rural areas and by creating residential spaces and environments in rural areas in a comfortable and safe manner, it is thought that it is possible to contribute to improvement of satisfaction in rural areas and improvement of healthy housing welfare as well as to improvement of the quality of life of residents of rural areas.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.668-670
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• 2004

Taipei Water Management Office (TWMO) is one of the eleven district offices in Water Resource Agency. Water management is the top priority to be pursued both on daily management and long-term management at TWMO. There are five departments to perform a wide range of tasks in addition to water management. All management prescriptions are simply to provide sustainable clean water for about four millions population in Taipei. TWMO has gone through 16 years experience of development and implementation of GIS in water management. The objectives of this paper are to provide the major ingredients of successful and operational GIS for water management. The five departments at TWMO have performed tasks such as city planning, construction management, forest management, land use enforcement, soil and water conservation, water quality monitoring and protection, garbage collection, and sewage disposal management. Data base creation was one of the major jobs to be done. Update of data base has to be done on a daily basis. Computers, its peripheral, and software are essential for GIS developed at TWMO. Know-how and technical skill on computers and GIS for every technician are contributing significantly such that GIS can be implemented on most of jobs performed at TWMO. Implementations of GIS have been pursued by application modules on a task-oriented basis. Application modules are simple, easy to use, and menu driven with only Chinese. Web-based and mobile GIS are the new components that make water management at TWMO stay on the right course. To solve problems encountered in water management by GIS at TWMO can be easily and user-friendly may be the most important experience.