• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.485-493
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• 2019

본 연구는 유치원의 자유놀이 제한 규칙에 대한 교사의 인식을 알아봄으로써 유치원 자유놀이 운영을 위한 기초적인 정보를 얻을 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 J 지역에 근무하는 유치원 교사 200명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행하였다. 연구 도구는 학급 내 자유놀이에 대한 제한 규칙에 관한 교사의 인식을 묻는 설문지였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사는 흥미영역 중 미술영역에 대한 제한 규칙의 필요성을 가장 높게 인식하였다. 둘째, 교사는 세 가지 유형의 제한 규칙 중 인원수 제한 규칙의 필요성을 가장 높게 인식하였다. 셋째, 제한 규칙의 필요 이유에 대한 교사 인식은 다음과 같았다. 인원수 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 일부 영역으로 쏠리는 현상을 예방하기 위해서였다. 시간 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 다양한 흥미영역에서 놀이하도록 지도하는 것이 교육적이라고 생각하기 때문이었다. 공간 제한 규칙 필요 이유는 각 흥미영역 고유의 교육목표를 확실히 할 수 있기 때문이었다. 유아의 놀이 권리와 연계하여 자유놀이 제한 규칙의 의미와 필요성을 논의하였다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2007

With the advent of microsurgery, perforator free flap is nowadays considered the first choice for reconstruction of the extensive defect of the extremities because of their moderate thickness. Among them, anterior (anterolateral and anteromedial) thigh perforator free flaps provide the first choice for reconstruction of various soft tissue defects of the extremities with many advantage such as its large, uniform thickness, long vascular pedicle with proper vessel size and minimal donor site morbidity. But, it has still some criticism of unreliable perforators which makes us very careful in elevating the flap. Between March of 2006 and February of 2007, we treated 7 patients of soft tissue defects in the hand and lower extremities with anterior thigh perforator free flap at Hallym and DongGuk University Hospital. We performed 6 anterolateral thigh perforator free flaps based on the descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) and 1 anteromedial thigh perforator free flap based on the innominate branch of the LCFA. While approaching for the anterolateral thigh free flap, we happen to meet the cases which we should change into the anteromedial thigh free flap uneventfully on the operating field. In contrast to the original design of anterolateral thigh free flap, we had to harvest the anteromedial thigh perforator free flap in 1 case. All the anterior thigh perforator free flaps survived completely except 1 case of partial necrosis due to venous congestion. Donor sites were closed primarily and healed uneventfully within 2 weeks. Patients were satisfied with the functionally and aesthetically acceptable results. Although doppler sonography is strongly recommended preoperatively in planning the anterior thigh perforator free flaps, we should always remember the variation in vascular anatomy and be ready to change the flap choice from the anterolateral to anteromedial intraoperatively. we provide a review of the literature and present our series of anterior thigh perforator free flaps for reconstruction of the extremities.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제9A권1호
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• pp.61-74
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 시간 제한 조건을 가진 자유 선택 신호 전이 그래프로부터 비동기 회로를 합성하는 방법을 기술한다. 이 방법에서는 상태 그래프를 생성하지 않고 신호 전이 그래프로부터 직접 신호 전이들간의 관계를 구하여 비동기 회로를 합성한다. 본 논문의 합성 방법에서는 자유 선택 신호 전이 그래프를 선택 행위가 없는 결정성 신호 전이 그래프에 대하여 타이밍 분석을 수행하여 임의의 두 신호 전이 사이의 시간 제약 병렬 관계와 시간 제약 인과 관계를 구한다. 다음에는 이 관계들을 이용하여 각 결정성 신호 전이 그래프에 대한 합성을 수행하고 그 결과를 합병함으로써 전체 회로를 합성한다. 실험 결과에 의하면 본 논문에서 제안한 합성 방법은 상태 공간이 큰 회로에 대하여 현저하게 합성시간을 단축시킬 수 있을 뿐 만 아니라 기존의 상태 그래프 기반 합성 방법과 비교하여 거의 같은 면적의 회로를 합성한다.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.85-108
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• 2023

In international commercial arbitrations that arise from an international commercial contract, arbitral tribunals ruling on the merits of the arbitration apply the law governing the contract. The parties to contract are free to designate the law under the principle of parties autonomy. This paper examines this principle under the Korean Arbitration Act, and makes some legislative suggestions. For this purpose, this paper first discusses what is the scope of matters covered by the law governing the contract, what are the rules of conflict-of-laws for determining the law governing the contract, and what happens when the arbitral tribunal incorrectly applies the law governing the contract? Then, this paper further goes to examine issues such as the form of choice-of-law agreement, the explicit or implicit choice of law, the parties' ability to choose the rules of law including lex mercatoria, the change of choice-of-law agreement, the independence of choice-of-law clause.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2019

본 연구는 스마트교육의 한 요소인 스마트 기기를 활용하여 축적된 데이터를 기초로 유아의 개별 맞춤학습을 위한 스마트교육환경을 구축하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 유치원 만5세 학급에서 자유선택활동 운영을 위한 개선 방안을 제안하고, 유아 스스로 놀이 계획을 세우고 평가하는 자유선택활동 운영시스템을 구현하였다. 본 연구 참여한 유아들은 놀이계획, 놀이수행 및 수행평가등 전체 활동시간을 스스로가 적극적이며 즐겁게 참여하였다. 그 결과 유아는 스마트기기를 통한 자신의 흥미영역에 대한 활동선택에 기존교육환경보다 적극적으로 참여하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 제안된 자유선택활동 운영시스템을 이용한 교사는 분석된 자료를 활용하여 스마트기기를 이용한 개별유아의 흥미분야와 학습수준 및 교실의 각 영역별 이용형태를 혼자서 쉽게 파악할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.834-842
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• 2017

Objective: An experiment was to evaluate the interplay of dietary lipid sources and feeding regime in the transition from sow milk to solid food of abruptly weaned piglets. Methods: Soon after weaning, 144 piglets were selected and were trained over a 15 day period to experience gradually reducing dietary fat content from 12% to 6% for lard (L), soybean oil (S), and coconut oil (C) and their feeding behavior and diet preference then tested in a behavior observation experiment. Another 324 weaned piglets were used in three consecutive feeding experiments to measure the effect of different dietary fats on performance and feed choice in the four weeks after abrupt weaning. The lipid sources were used as supplements in a 3% crude fat corn/soya basal diet, with 6% of each being included to form diets 9C, 9S, and 9L respectively, and their effects on performance measured. Combinations of these diets were then further compared in fixed blends or free choice selection experiments. Results: Piglets pre-trained to experience reducing lipid inclusion showed different subsequent preferences according to lipid source, with a preference for lard at 9%, soybean oil at 3%, and coconut oil at 6% inclusion rate (p<0.001). Following abrupt weaning, whilst after 4 weeks those fed 9C had the heaviest body weights (18.13 kg, p = 0.006). Piglets fed a fixed 1:1 blend of 9C+9S had a poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.80) than those fed a blend of 9C+9L (FCR = 1.4). The 9C and 9L combination groups showed better performance in both fixed blend and free choice feeding regimes. Conclusion: After abrupt weaning, they still have dependence on high oleic acid lipids as found in sow milk. A feeding regime offering free choice combination of lipids might give the possibility for piglets to cope better with the transition at weaning, but further research is needed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.263-270
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• 1991

The main purpose of this study was to give a right and proper direction in high school girls' uniforms through the comparison of the attitude toward school uniforms and free choice of wearing clothings. The samples were consisted of 319 high school girls' students in Gwanju and Mokpo. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage and chi-square test. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Students prefered to take uniforms than self·control clothes. The greatest reason for the agreement on uniforms is th,It uniforms make sure the identity of the students. The problem in uniform was the disconvenience for activity. 2. Preference for uniform style was semi-fitted double jacket, flat collar blouse, vest and pleated skirt. 3. They make choice of prefering color were green, bluepurple and white, free-choice clothing color were green, light yellow and light blue and uniform color were bluepurple, darkblue and black.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 1994

This is a study on plate waste, management of the facilities and utensil, and for their hygenic management through the survey conducted at 106 enterprise located in Seoul institutional foodservice. Which were evenly divided into two groups; the white color and the blue color. The results are below: 1. Volume of food and menu were set in advance with no free choice. A campaign was launched to reduce food wastes. It was shown that free choice feeding was better in wastes reduction than none free choice feeding. 2. Hygenic management was relatively good in two groups. Machine and utensil usually sterilized by heating or disinfectant sterilization was performed at every using time or one time a day, but with no differentiation between two groups.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 1995

The topos constructed in [6] is a set-like category that includes among its axioms an axiom of infinity and an axiom of choice. In its final form a topos is free from any such axioms. Set$\^$G/ is a topos whose object are G-set Ψ$\sub$s/:G${\times}$S\longrightarrowS and morphism f:S \longrightarrowT is an equivariants map. We already known that Set$\^$G/ satisfies the weak form of the axiom of choice but it does not satisfies the axiom of the choice.(omitted)

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.717-734
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• 2015

In this paper, we provide a classification of arithmetic functions in terms of identically-free-distributedness, determined by a fixed prime. We show then such classifications are free from the choice of primes. In particular, we obtain that the algebra $A_p$ of equivalence classes under the quotient on A by the identically-free-distributedness is isomorphic to an algebra $\mathbb{C}^2$, having its multiplication $({\bullet});(t_1,t_2){\bullet}(s_1,s_2)=(t_1s_1,t_1s_2+t_2s_1)$.