• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the fruits of Ligustrum japonicum. The crude extract was successively fractionated into n-hexane, 85% aqueous methanol (85% aq.MeOH), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and water fractions by means of solvent polarity. The crude extract and its solvent fractions were evaluated for their antioxidant effect by four different assay systems: scavenging power on peroxynitrite and intralcellular ROS produced in HT-1080 cells; DNA oxidation inhibition; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The n-BuOH fraction exhibiting potent antioxidant activity was further purified by C18 silica gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC to give tyrosol (1) and salidroside (2). The structure of isolated compounds was determined by extensive 2 D NMR experiments such as $^1H$ COSY, NOESY, HSQC and HMBC as well as by comparison with the published spectral data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.1725-1730
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• 2010

To obtain basic information on the potential use of propolis as a raw material in functional food, proximate composition, total phenolics content and antioxidant activities of different propolis extracts in Korea were investigated. Propolis had the highest level of crude fat and the lowest level of crude fiber. The total phenolics content of ethanol and water extract of propolis from Geochang (GEE and GWE), ethanol and water extract of propolis from Jeju (JEE and JWE) were 184.17, 316.19, 204.33 and 47.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g, respectively. GWE contained relatively higher levels of total phenolics than the other extracts. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed by different in vitro assays such as DPPH, ABTS, reducing power, ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and peroxidation inhibiting activities through linoleic acid emulsion system. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of all the extracts were dose dependent. The GWE exhibited the best performance in reducing power, FRAP, and lipid peroxidation using ferric thiocyanate (FTC) assay. These results demonstrated that GWE has excellent antioxidant activities and thus it has great potential as a raw material for functional food.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.555-561
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the several physicochemical extraction characteristics and the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract from Rhus javanica bark. The contents of soluble solid and sugar in extract was measured to 73.5 mg/100g dry basis and $17.8^{\circ}Brix$, respectively. The contents of total aromatics, total flavonoids and total phenolic compounds was measured to 0.508 in absorbance, 49.88 mg/100g and 296.6 mg/100g, respectively. The reducing power of extract was about 27.5 % of ascorbic acid with the same soluble solid contents of the extract. But the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the DPPH radical scavenging ability of extract were measured to equivalent to those of ascorbic acid. The metal ion chelating ability of the extract was 81.58 % whereas that of ascorbic acid was 74.73 %. The nitrite scavenging ability of the extract was measured to 51.76 % at pH 2. And the antioxidative effect of the extract on soybean oil was observed with Rancimat test.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2011

Nutritional components and antioxidant activities of commercial loquat leaf tea (CLLT) were evaluated. Proximate compositions were as follows; moisture 5.34%, crude protein 8.38%, crude fat 13.26%, nitrogen free extract 46.21%, crude fiber 19.24% and crude ash 7.57%, respectively. Ascorbic acid and total phenolics content of CLLT was 0.47 mg/100 g and 42.55 mg/GAE g, respectively. Mineral elements were Ca 1,624.01 mg/100 g, K 1,099.66 mg/100 g, and Mg 192.70 mg/100 g, respectively. Amino acid contents of CLLT were very rich in glutamic acid 565.98 mg/100 g and deficient in cystine 12.97 mg/100 g. The 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities of hot water extract from CLLT were 72.51% and 90.11%, respectively at a concentration of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. Reducing power and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of hot water extract from CLLT were increased in a dose dependent manner. Therefore, these results suggest that the hot water extract of CLLT possess antioxidant activities and thus it has great potential as a source for functional food such as natural antioxidant.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.231-238
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• 2019

This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of the extract and fractions of Alnus firma. Alnus firma had the highest total phenolic content ($452.80{\pm}7.01{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mg) in a methanol (MeOH) fraction and the highest total flavonoid content ($112.29{\pm}11.14{\mu}g$ rutin equivalents/mg) and antioxidant capacity ($936.23{\pm}0.07{\mu}g$ ${\alpha}$-tocopherol equivalents/mg) in an ethylacetate (EA) fraction. The antioxidant activities of various solvent extract fractions of Alnus firma were evaluated using various antioxidant assays, including ${\beta}$-carotene-linoleate assay, reducing power assay, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, metal chelating activity assay, superoxide anion radical scavenging assay, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assay using the ferric thiocyanate method. These activities were compared with those of ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), gallic acid (GA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. First, at a $250{\mu}g/ml$ concentration, the EA and MeOH fractions of A. firma showed 92.43% and 89.20% DPPH radical scavenging activity, respectively. Second, $50{\mu}g/ml$ of the EA fraction exhibited 72.49% superoxide anion radical scavenging activity, a little greater than the same dose of GA (60.88%). Finally, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml of the EA fraction showed 73.45% and 73.29% inhibition of peroxidation in the ${\beta}$-carotene-linoleic acid system, respectively. The decreasing order of reducing power was EA fraction > n-butanol (BuOH) fraction > dichloromethane (DCM) fraction > n-hexane (HX) fraction. The results obtained in the present study indicated that Alnus firma can be used as an easily accessible potential source of natural antioxidants.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.577-584
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• 2015

Orostachys malacophyllus grow on the old roofing tile or on the rock of mountain and is belong to Crassulaceae family. After air drying for Orostachys malacophyllus (OM), using the mixture of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus) was fermented (FOM). OM and FOM extracted using water (W), ethanol (E) and methanol (M) and were measured extracts yield, pH and Brix. Extracted OM and FOM were tested by in vitro experimental models of α,α´-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Fe/Cu reducing power, linoleic acid peroxidation using ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods and peroxidation of rat liver homogenate. In addition, the bioactive materials (phenolic compounds, flavonoids and minerals) were measured. The highest phenolic compounds and flavonoids were OME 122.2 mg/100 g and OME 84.0 mg/100 g. OM and FOM′s major minerals were K, Ca and Mg. The highest free radical scavenging activity showed in FOMM (93.9%), OMM (93.4%), FOME (92.1%) and OME (91.9%) at 0.5% additional level. Fe reducing powers were strong in FOME and FOMM and Cu reducing powers were strong in OME and FOMM. Antioxidant activities on lipid peroxidation using rat homogenate as measured by TBARS method showed strong in FOME and on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid as measured by ferric TBA method showed strong in OME and FOME and measured by ferric thiocyanate showed strong in FOME and FOMM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.739-744
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• 2012

Cirsium japonicum (Gyonggido (GG), Gangwondo (GW), Jeollanamdo (JN) and Jejudo (JJ)) were investigated for their antioxidative components (total polyphenol and flavonoid contents) and their antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and reducing power). Analysis of antioxidative components and activities showed significant (p<0.05) differences across samples from various regions (GG, GW, JN, JJ). Amounts of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were in the order of GG${\geq}$GW>JJ>JN (p<0.05). The results of the antioxidative activity test of Cirsium japonicum showed that GG and GW had higher activities compared to others (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of the antioxidative activity test (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and reducing power) were correlated with total polyphenol and flavonoid contents values.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.127-135
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of thermal treatment yam (Dioscorea batatas DECNE.) in Korea. Thermal treatment yam was extracted by different solvents including 70% methanol, 70% ethanol and chloroform-methanol mixture (CM, 2:1, v/v). Then color property, total phenol content and antioxidant activity were analyzed. Yam possessed high $L^*$ value and $H\limits^{\circ}$ value, which were $54.92{\pm}2.18$ and $73.20{\pm}0.77$, respectively. Thermal treatment yam exhibited great antioxidant activity evaluated by ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Total phenol contents of various extracts from thermal treatment yam increased in the following order: 70% methanol extract ($63.53{\pm}0.33mg\;CAE/g$), 70% ethanol extract ($69.47{\pm}1.00mg\;CAE/g$) and CM extract ($97.49{\pm}0.66mg\;CAE/g$), respectively. The same trend was also could be found in antioxidant activity assays except for reducing power assay. These results implied that these extracts from thermal treatment yam might be useful to take a good part in prevention of human diseases and aging.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1122-1129
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• 2016

In this study, bioactive constituents and biological activities of aronia, blackcurrant, and maquiberry were investigated. The 60% ethanol extracts were prepared and evaluated for total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and total anthocyanin contents. Biological activities, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and nitrite scavenging activity were also examined. Maquiberry showed the highest bioactive constituents as shown based on total polyphenol (73.66 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid (28.08 mg/g), and total anthocyanin (12.82 mg/g) contents compared to aronia and blackcurrant. Maquiberry also exhibited the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, FRAP, and reducing power at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, which were superior to those of ascorbic acid (a positive control). Therefore, maquiberry could be used as a potential source of antioxidants and functional food substances.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.694-700
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• 2007

Acanthopanax senticosus is a common Asian herb also known as "Siberian Ginseng". It is often used as a traditional herbal medicine for reducing damage in the liver, kidney, bone and muscle. In the present study we investigated the ferric reducing/antioxidant power and total phenolic contents of the ethanol-/water-extracts obtained from the stems and leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus. Osteoblast cellular proliferation was evaluated using the MTT and alkaline phosphatase activity assays in the human osteoblast-like MG-63 cell line. Acanthopanax senticosus extracts exerted remarkable ferric reducing/antioxidant power and contained high amount of phenolics. Among the extracts the stem-/ethanol-extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and total phenol content. Interestingly a highly positive correlation was found between antioxidant activity and total phenol content (p < 0.01). Proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast cells was highest in the stem-/ethanol-extract and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly increased in the water-extract of the stems (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that Acanthopanax senticosus extracts have antioxidant activity for preventing oxidative stress-related diseases and may have beneficial effects on bone health through the proliferation of osteoblast cells.