• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 1997

This study explored the effect of fathers' childrearing participation and their recognition about child care situation on fathers' satisfaction with nonparental child care. The results of this study are as follows: First fathers who had finished college education whose family had more family income and whose wives had jobs were more participated in childrearing practice than fathers who had finished high school whose family had less family income and whose wives had no job, Second when childre's age were over 5 years fathers tended to recognize about child care situation. That is fathers whose children were over 5 years old more recognized about how caregivers took care for children's congnitive development and were more satisfied with educational materials of child care centers than fathers whose children were less 5 years old. Third fathers' recognition about child care situation were found to mediate the relationship between fathers' childrearing participation and fathers' satisfaction with nonparental child care.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.123-141
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fathers' playfulness and play participation on preschoolers' peer competence. Methods: The participants in the study were 325 preschoolers and their fathers. The survey method was used to investigate fathers' playfulness, fathers' average level of play participation as well as playtime with their children and preschoolers' peer competence. In order to analyze the data, one-way ANOVA and regression analysis were utilized. Results: The results showed that fathers' playfulness and play participation were different according to the fathers' weekly working hours. It was found that the higher the cheerfulness of the sub-factors of fathers' playfulness was, the higher the sociability of sub-factors of preschoolers' peer competence was. The amount of fathers' play time with children as well as the average level of play participation, which is the qualitative aspect of fathers' play participation, was found to affect preschoolers' peer competence and the three sub-factors of competence. Conclusion/Implications: The findings implied that fathers' active play participation with children is important and that there is a need to improve working conditions in order for fathers to have time to play with their children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.4 s.82
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• pp.93-101
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• 2006

This study explored the differences in fathers' involvement in child-rearing according to various family socio-demographic variables (fathers education level, income, mothers employment, preschooler's sex and age) and preschoolers' temperaments and examined the relationship between fathers' involvement in child-rearing and these independent variables (as well as preschooler's temperament). The subjects of the study were 227 fathers whose children were preschoolers between the ages of 3 and 5 attending daycare centers in Keoungbok province, South Korea. Statistical analysis was conducted with the following techniques: two-way ANOVA, interaction effect, Scheffe' test, Pearson's correlation partial correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression (using SPSS 12.0). Results of the study may be summarized as follows. (1) There was a significant difference in fathers' child-rearing involvement according to the fathers' education level, income, and preschoolers' temperaments. (2) There was a significant interaction effect of mothers' employment and preschoolers' temperaments on fathers' child-rearing involvement. (3) Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that fathers' education mediated the relationship between income and fathers' involvement in child-rearing, and fathers' education and preschoolers' temperaments was also found to have predictive power over fathers' child-rearing involvement.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.167-182
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of fathers' play participation on young children's social competence and self-regulation. The subjects consisted of 180 fathers with children at ages between 4-7 years old from 2 preschools and 3 kindergartens located in Y city in Gyeonggi province. The analyses used for this study included the t-test and multiple regression analysis. The main findings are as follows. First, fathers' play participation was not different by sociodemographic characteristics such as fathers' age, educational level, and job. Second, fathers' participation in functional play, role play, and constructive play was positively related to social activator, reassurance, and cooperation among subscales on children's social competence. Also, fathers' participation in games was negatively related to reassurance among children and positively related to hypersensitivity among children. Third, fathers' participation in role play and functional play was positively related to children's self-monitoring and self-control. These findings suggest emphasizing fathers' play participation to improve children's social competence and children's self-regulation, and it can be helpful to underline fathers' education and to develop programs for fathers' play.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.35-49
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• 2015

This study is to examine the relationships between experiences in the family of origin with fathers, parenting participation of fathers, and parenting stress of mothers. The subjects in this study consisted of 203 couples with children of ages 3, 4, and5 attending child care centers in the Gyeong-gi province. The results of this research are summarized as follows. First, experiences in the family of origin with fathers, have meaningful correlations with parenting participation of fathers and parenting stress of mothers. Also, parenting participation of fathers has meaningful correlations with parenting stress of mothers. Second, experiences in the family of origin with fathers have direct/indirect influence on parenting stress of mothers and parenting participation of fathers played a mediating role between the two variables. It is significant that these results give the basic research data for developing aparental education program that can lower parenting stress of mothers by parenting participation of fathers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.59-74
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• 2013

The main purpose of this study was to explore the moderating effects of fathers' current psychological well-being in the relationships between fathers' experienced parenting from the family of origin and their parenting attitudes to their children. The subjects themselves consisted of 370 fifth-and sixth-grade children and their fathers from elementary schools in Seoul and Daegu. Questionnaires containing items related to experienced parenting and the current psychological well-being reported by fathers and fathers' parenting attitudes reported by their children were used. Regression analyses revealed that a fathers' 'independent encouraging' attitude to their children was predicted by a fathers' psychological well-being whereas a fathers' 'acceptance' attitudes was predicted by both a fathers' experienced 'acceptance' parenting and their psychological well-being. Further, a fathers' psychological well-being played a moderate role in the relationship between fathers' experienced 'independent encouraging' parenting from the family of origin and their 'independent encouraging' attitude to their children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.115-131
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• 2015

This study is aimed to determine the relation among fathers' rejective parenting style, fathers' community spirit, and their children's humanity. We also examined whether fathers' community spirit mediates the association between fathers' rejective parenting style and children's humanity. The study used data from 207 4-to 5-year-old children and their fathers from a kindergarten located in Seoul, South Korea. We estimated Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and Pearson's correlation coefficient, and employed a two-way ANOVA and a multiple regression analysis. In addition, a Sobel test was conducted to examine the mediation effect. The results are as follows. First, There were no significant differences in fathers' rejective parenting style, fathers' community spirit, and their children's humanity by children's sex and age. Second, children's humanity was negatively related to fathers' rejective parenting style and positively related to fathers' community spirit. That is, children's humanity can be improved further by lowering fathers' rejective parenting style and increasing fathers' community spirit. Third, our results showed that fathers' community spirit mediated the association between fathers' rejective parenting style and their children's humanity.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.187-202
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• 2018

Objective: The study aims to examine fathers' parental stress and the variables effecting parental stress of fathers with infants. Methods: One hundred seventeen fathers with 0 to 2 year-olds were recruited from daycare centers in Daejeon metropolitan city. The Korean version of the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (K-PSI-SF) by Lee, Jung, Park and Kim(2008), The Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (Koss-SF) by Jang and Ko(2005), and the Revised-Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale(RKMSS) by Chung (2004) were used to measure fathers'parental stress, occupational stress, and marital satisfaction. Results: First, the most influential variable that affected father's parental stress was their marital satisfaction. The fathers felt less parental stress when they felt higher marital satisfaction. Second, fathers felt less parental stress when their occupational environments were family friendly. Conclusion/Implications: Ways to improve mariatal satisfacation and a family friendly evironment at work should be sought out in order to lessen the parental stress of fathers raising infants.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.115-128
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• 2000

This study was conducted to examine the relation between parental social support and disciplinary practices for fathers and mothers of young children. Two hundred-twenty mothers and two hundred-twenty fathers completed measures of parental social support and child disciplinary practices. The analyses were conducted separately for the group of fathers and the group of mothers. Descriptive analysis, Cronbach'$\alpha$ correlations and t-tests were used to examine research Questions. The resets of this study were as follows: 1. Social supports of the provisions of guidance, reliable alliance, and attachment were higher for mothers than for fathers. On the other hand, social support of the reassurance of worth was higher for lathers then for mothers. 2. Social supports of the provisions of guidance and reliable alliance were higher for fathers of sons than for fathers of daughters. 3. Social supports of the reliable alliance and social integration were higher for fathers of higher income than for fathers of lower income. 4. For both fathers and mothers, the higher they perceived their social supports, the more they used effective parental disciplinary practices.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the paternal stress and nursing support as perceived by fathers of high risk infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Methods: The study participants included 88 fathers of high risk infants in NICUs. Their parental stress and nursing support were measured using a self-report questionnaire. Results: The parental stress level of the fathers was 3.57 of a possible 5. Among the parental stress items, 'Relationship with infant and parental role' had the highest scores. The perceived nursing support level was a relatively high, 3.90 on a 5-point scale. The lowest score was for the item 'showed concern about my well-being.' The parental stress was lower in fathers with low income, higher in fathers in nuclear families and when the infants' condition was serious. Conclusion: The findings indicate that fathers of high risk infants experience intense parental stress. Thus when designing care to provide support for these fathers and their infants, it is necessary to encourage the fathers' engagement, provide information on how to respond to the baby, and include supportive care to the fathers.