• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.161-165
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve children's positive perceptions of the future by examining the relationship between parental attachment, parental involvement in learning, and children's perceptions of the future, and by identifying the specific influence of each variable on children's perceptions of the future. Frequency analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were performed on data from the 12th year of the Korean Children's Panel (2019), and Pearson's moment correlation coefficient was calculated for correlation analysis between variables. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the explanatory power of parental attachment to children's perception of the future and parental participation in learning. The research results are as follows. First, the correlations among all the latent variables of parental attachment, parental participation in learning, and children's future perception showed significant correlations. Second, the explanatory power of children's perception of the future was found in the order of 'mother' trust, 'family'-based participation, 'father' trust, and 'mother' communication. These results suggested that parental trust and warm, warm participation in home-based learning were important variables in children's positive perception of the future.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 2014

The present study investigated the developmental pattern of Korean mothers' depressive symptoms from a week prior to birth through four months postpartum in a nationally represented survey sample in Korea, using a Latent Growth Curve model. Mother-reported four factors-maternal self-efficacy in parenting, father's participation in childcare, a number of hours mothers worked per week, child's emotional temperament-were examined as the predictors of depressive symptoms over time in the context of Korean culture. Effects of maternal depressive trajectories on their infants' developmental outcomes at the first year were also examined. Findings were as follows: First, mothers' reports of depressive symptoms decreased at the first month after birth and then increased again during the first 4 months postpartum. Second, mothers' perceived low spousal involvement in childcare, low parental self-efficacy, and their infants' difficult temperament at four-month old had significantly positive relations to the initial level of maternal depressive symptoms whereas the low spousal involvement in childcare and low maternal self-efficacy factors significantly predicted the changes of trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms. Third, the trajectories, in turn, predicted warm and responsive maternal parenting style at the fourth month. Subsequently, the parenting style had a significant longitudinal impact on the development of children's communication, problem-solving, and personal-social abilities. Based on these findings, awareness, preventive and interventional programs might be built to facilitate Korean mothers suffering severe postpartum depressive symptoms and further promote optimal early development of Korean children.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2008

This study examined different individual, family factors and classroom environment that affect children's perceived competency. For an analysis, achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control and anxiety were included in individual variables. For family factors, parental support and marital conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relations, classroom involvement and teacher control were used. The sample consisted of 565 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Factor analysis, frequency, percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boy's perceived academic competency was higher than girl's. And no sex difference was in children's social and athletic competency. Second, boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support, teacher support, peer relations and classroom involvement. And girl's perceived athletic competency had a positive correlation with achievement motivation, intrinsic locus of control, parental support and peer relations. But boy's and girl's perceived academic and social competency and boy's perceived athletic competency had a negative correlation with anxiety and parental marital conflict. Third, the most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived academic competency was achievement motivation. The most important variable predicting boy's and girl's perceived social competency was peer relations. And the most important variable predicting boy's perceived athletic competency was peer relations. On the other hand, the most important variable predicting girl's perceived athletic competency was father's support.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.323-336
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• 2009

There has been a significant increase in the number of divorced families during the past 10 years in Korea. Divorce imposes a great impact on their children as well as divorcees. As many as 1.41 million children under 20 years-old have experienced their parents' divorce in past 10 years. Children are faced with much difficulty in adjustment after the parental divorce. Issues of the research and policy on the divorced family are discussed in this study. For future studies, a longitudinal research model, father-custody and grandparent-custody families, custody parents's gender, a theoretical model for Korean divorced families should be considered. New legislations have been recently enacted to enhance children's well-being, but further efforts such as the involvement of child development specialists in the divorce process should be followed in the pursuit of the best interest of the children.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.450-458
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship between the type of gender role identity and home environmental variables. Method: This study used a descriptive survey design and convenience sampling. Data were collected through self report questionnaires from 1,497 female high school students in Seoul. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 10.0 program, which included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi square test, ANOVA, and Duncan test. Results: The androgyny gender role identity was most common (33.9%). The type of gender role identity had a significant correlation with home environmental variables (economic status, relationship with parents, father's education level, mother's education level. noninterference, reasonable guidance, affection, overprotection, achievement, active involvement, limit setting). Conclusion: It is necessary to provide parent education programs to help female adolescents develop gender role identity toward androgyny.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.45-61
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• 2015

This study examines the effects of time spent with parents and peers on generational differences in children's externalizing behavior problems in immigrant families. Using the Child Development Supplement and Time Diaries from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we found that first and second generation children exhibited fewer externalizing behavior problems than did third generation children, despite their lower socioeconomic status. First and second generation children spent more time with either one or both parents, and less time with peers, on the weekend day than did third generation children. We found a marginal but beneficial effect of time spent with fathers on the weekday, but not on the weekend day. The implications are that time spent with fathers on weekdays differs from time spent with fathers on the weekend, and that promoting immigrant father involvement on the weekday through school or community programs could benefit immigrant children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.87-108
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in Korean 4-year-olds' cognitive development depending on variables concerning ecological system variables, predictive influences among these variables, and different predictive patterns between working mothers and non-working mothers. The subjects consisted of 998 4-year-olds, derived from the Korean Child Panel data of 2012. The results were as follows: First, 4-year-olds' cognitive development was different depending on their sex, education level of mother and father, mothers' working status, quality of home environment, and mothers' involvement in children's life in their institution. Second, mothers' involvement in children's life in their institution, children's sex, quality of home environment, and mothers' working status predicted 4-year-olds' cognitive development. Third, there was a different pattern of predictive influence among variables according to the mothers' working status. The mothers' involvement in their children's lives in their institution and children's sex was proved to be important in both, but that was more significant in working mothers, and the quality of home environment predicted cognitive development only in working mothers. These results were discussed in terms of necessity of the Korean national policy to support young children's cognitive development efficiently, especially for working mothers.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to synthesize research findings on the relationship between parenting efficacy and the variables related to it, as well as to produce results using meta-analysis. The following questions guide this study : Which variables are frequently conducted in research related to parenting efficacy? What is the effect size of each variable? The 65 studies whose results are analyzed in this paper were collected via a search for investigations focusing on 'parenting efficacy'. The studies were used for meta-analysis in which eleven variables were selected. The results of the analysis indicate that a large effect size is produced by the parenting stress in a negative direction. A higher than medium effect size occurs on the basis of parenting beliefs in a negative direction. A higher than medium effect size is also caused by the father's involvement in child care and social support. A medium effect size is produced on the basis of children's temperament, and a small effect size is the result of the mother's academic background, parenting knowledge, and parent's income. There is no relationship between parenting efficacy and children's gender.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.sup1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2016

Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare autosomal dominant, inflammatory syndrome that is characterized by the clinical triad of granulomatous dermatitis, symmetric arthritis, and recurrent uveitis. Mutations in the nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2 ) gene are responsible for causing BS. To date, up to 30 Blau-associated genetic mutations have been identified within this gene. We report a novel NOD2 genetic mutation that causes BS. A girl, aged 8 years, and her brother, aged 10 years, developed erythematous skin rashes and uveitis. The computed tomography angiogram of the younger sister showed features of midaortic dysplastic syndrome. The brother had more prominent joint involvement than the sister. Their father (38 years) was also affected by uveitis; however, only minimal skin involvement was observed in his case. The paternal aunt (39 years) and her daughter (13 years) were previously diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Mutational analysis revealed a novel c.1439 A>G mutation in the NOD2 gene in both siblings. The novel c.1439 A>G mutation in the NOD2 gene was found in a familial case of BS. Although BS is rare, it should always be considered in patients presenting with sarcoidosis-like features at a young age. Early diagnosis of BS and prompt multisystem workup including the eyes and joints can improve the patient's outcome.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes of this descriptive survey study were to describe the perception on the importance of parental role by mothers with infants, and to analyze the differences of those perception depending on the mothers' and infants' characteristics. Method: Data were collected from 240 mothers of infants visited at one public health center in Gangreung city. The instrument used for this study was a self-report questionnaire to identify the parental role. Results: The mean score for perception on the importance of parental role was 139.89, and item mean for caring performance ability domain 4.43, environmental organization for development domain 4.38, acceptance domain 4.26, responsibility domain 4.21점, knowledge for caring domain 4.19, sensitivity 4.16, provision of stimulus and involvement 4.01. There were significant differences in the perception of parental role according to spouse relationship, father's participation in child rearing, experience of parental role education, and infant's temperament. Conclusion: The experience of childhood is highly affected by the quality of the parental role. It is important to identify parents' perception of parental role. Therefore, the parental role education program are necessary.