• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2014

Objective : It is known that Pueriaria lobata has an anti-osteoporetic effect, anti-cancer effect, anti-pyretic effect, and anti-diabetic effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-obesity effect of Pueriaria lobata extract (PLE), and elucidate the effect of it on gene expression related to lipid metabolism. Method : The experiments were performed with the use of ovariectomized rats as estrogen-deficient obesity model. They were grouped NC (normal control), OC (estrogen-deficient control), PLH (100mg/kg of PLE), PLL (20mg/kg). PLE was orally administered for 6 weeks. Body weights and serum lipid level were estimated, and real-time PCR was performed to investigate the effect of PLE on gene expression in liver. Results : PLE decreased the body weight and serum cholesterol and triglyceride, but increased HDL-cholesterol. And PLE increased leptin, CYP27, CPT1, CYP8B1, ACAT2, LDLR, and SCD1, but reduced $PPAR{\gamma}$, PGC1A, HMG-CoA-R, ACAT1, SCD1, and APoB gene expression in liver tissue of rat with estrogen-deficient obesity. Conclusion : It is concluded that Pueriaria lobata reduced body weight, and its effect was expressed by regulation of gene expression related to lipid metabolism in rats with estrogen-deficient obesity.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2003

Osteoporosis is characterized by bone loss and mobidity with osteoporotic fracture. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of on the bone mass and its related factors in estrogen-deficient animal model. The model rats of osteoporsis showed a significant decrease in bone density, bone ash density, calcium content of femur bone. At the 14th day after ovariectomy-surgery, rats were administered with DBE, extract of Dioscorea batatas, per orally, and continued for 10 weeks. And osteoporosis related parameters were determined to investigate the effect of DBE. Osteoporetic rats showed lower serum estrogen level, higher body weight than normal rats, and showed atrophy of uterine horns. DBE showed inhibitory effect on bone loss in osteoporetic condition, and reduced the increase of ALP activity and osteocalcin level in serum, and reduced the increase of OH-proline level in urine. But, DBE had no effect on cell proliferation and ALP activity in rat calvarial cell culture.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Objectives Depletion of ovarian function after menopause in women induces estrogen deficiency leading to increased fat and decreased muscle mass. In this study, we examined the effect of herbal medicines by measuring hormone expression in muscle tissue of estrogen-deficient rats induced by ovariectomy. Methods Ovariectomy was performed to induce estrogen deficiency, and mice were given herbal prescription (HP) for 6 weeks. Estrogen-deficient rats were divided into two groups: one group (HPH) which were orally administered HP 200 mg/kg and the other group (HPL) administered HP 40 mg/kg. Weight changes in both groups were measured using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After extraction of the femoral muscles in mice, the expression of the leptin, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), diacyl glycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α, NADH dehydrogenase (NDH), farnesyl diphosphate farnesyltransferase (FDFT)1, lanosterol synthase (LSS), phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT), and peroxiredoxin (Prdx6) were measured using PCR. Results HP increased the expression of leptin, LPL, DGAT1, PGC-1α, NDH, FDFT1, LSS, PEMT, and Prdx6. HP affects body fat metabolism and is effective in improving menopausal obesity and obesity complications caused by estrogen deficiency. However, HP does not affect the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, and thus will not be effective in obesity-related metabolic diseases. Conclusions HP is thought to inhibit weight gain by regulating hormone expression related to glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in muscle tissue of estrogen-deficient rats.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Pueraria lobata (PL) extract on obesity related hormones in rats with estrogen deficiency. Methods: The experiments were performed with the use of ovariectomized rats as estrogen-deficient obesity rat model. They were grouped Normal (sham operation group), Control (ovariectomy group), 50 mg/kg PL (ovariectomy group＋50 mg/kg of PL), 100 mg/kg PL (ovariectomy group＋100 mg/kg of PL), 200 mg/kg PL (ovariectomy group＋200 mg/kg of PL). PL extract was orally administered for 8 weeks once a day. Body weights and serum levels of hormones, such as leptin, estradiol, cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, and adiponectin were estimated by ELISA. Results: PL extract significantly decreased body weight, the serum levels of leptin in estrogen-deficient obesity rats. PL extract significantly increased the serum levels of estradiol and CCK. However, PL extract did not directly effect on the levels of ghrelin and adiponectin in estrogen-deficient obesity rats. Conclusions: It is concluded that PL extract reduced body weight, and regulate the hormones related to energy metabolism. PL extract decreased the serum levels of leptin. PL extract increased the serum levels of estradiol and CCK. These results indicate that PL might have potentials for treatment of obesity and complications during the menopause caused by estrogen-deficiency.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.49-67
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effects of Hwanggimacmundong-tang extract (HM) on obese rats with estrogen deficiency. Methods: The experiments were performed with ovariectomized rats as estrogen-deficient obesity model. Rats were grouped NC (Normal Control Group; sham operation group), OC (Obesity Control Group; estrogen-deficient group), HML (20 mg/kg/day), HMH (100 mg/kg/day). HM was administered orally for six weeks. Body weights and serum lipid level were measured, and real-time PCR was performed to estimate the effect of HM on gene expression in liver. Results: HM decreased the total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum. And HM increased leptin, CPT1 gene expression in liver tissue of obese rats with estrogen deficiency. However HM decreased $PPAR{\gamma}$, $PGC-1{\alpha}$, HMGCR, CYP8B1, LPL, ACAT1, ACAT2, ApoB, ACOX gene expression in liver tissue of obese rats with estrogen deficiency. Conclusions: It is concluded that HM reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum, and regulate gene expression related to lipid metabolism. These results indicate Hwanggimacmundong-tang that might have potential for treatment of obesity and complications during the menopause caused by estrogen-deficiency.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2004

1930년대 이후부터 소위 여성호르몬이라 지칭되는 에스트로겐이 남성 생식에 유해함이 잘 알려져 왔다. 그러나 에스트로겐 수용체를 녹아웃한 형질전환생쥐(estrogen receptor knockout, ERKO)를 사용한 연구들에 의해 에스트로겐이 남성 생식에서 주용한 역할을 담당함이 밝혀졌다. 본 논문의 목적은 정자를 포함한 설치류 수컷 생식기관에서 에스트로겐 수용체의 분포, 발현 및 기능에 대한 근간의 연구들을 요약하고, 아울러 녹아웃 생쥐 모델과 그 표현형에 대한 정보를 제공함에 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2009

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $\alpha$ and estrogen are believed to be involved in metabolic changes leading to obesity. To test this relationship, we divided female wildtype and PPAR$\alpha$-deficient mice fed on a high fat diet into the following groups: mock-operated, ovariectomized (OVX), and $E_2$-treated. The visceral white adipose tissue and plasma cholesterol levels were increased significantly in wild type OVX and decreased in the $E_2$-treated group, but interestingly not in PPAR$\alpha$-deficient mice. The mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase in adipose tissue were also increased in only wild type OVX and decreased significantly in $E_2$-treated mice. These novel results suggest the possibility of signaling crosstalk between PPAR$\alpha$ and $E_2$, causing obesity in vivo.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2005

The identification of COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) has led to potential novel insights on disease pathogenesis (atherosclerosis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease) and the regulation of normal organ function. The present in vivo study with estrogen or soy-isoflavones has provided evidence for the association between COX-2 and ICAM-1 (Intercellular adhersion molecule-1). In the system of mature female rats, soy-isoflavones exerted more pronounced effect on ICAM-1 inhibitory and COX-2 stimulatory effect than estrogen. In the system of ovariectomized estrogen deficient rats, the down-regulatory properties of soy-isoflavones on ICAM-1 was less evident, whereas estrogen exerted the inhibitory activity. These results demonstrate that COX-2 limits adhersion molecule expression on rat aorta cells and suggest that COX-2 may play a protective role in cardiovascular system in mature female rats. Soy-isoflavones appear to have beneficial effect on vascular systems through modulation of ICAM-1 and COX-2, and these molecules appeared to be closely associated.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2012

Objectives: GG is the EtOH fraction of extract of Pueraria lobata. In this study, we aimed to elucidate a possibility that GG reduce obesity and obesity-derived complications such as cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Methods: The effects of GG on the estrogen-deficient obese rats and the level of gene expression in muscle of rats were investigated. Results: GG decreased body weight in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. GG increased leptin gene expression in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. GG decreased TNFa gene expression in obese rats with estrogen deficiency. And GG increased PPAR-gamma, PGC-1a, Prdx6, FDFT1, and ACC gene expression of those in obese rats. Conclusions: We conclude GG might reduce body weight and regulate gene expression of muscle in obese rats.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2003

The effects of soy-isoflavones, which are phytoestrogens derived from plants with a flavonoid structure, on cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) expression, PGE2 production, and mapkinases expression, were investigated in experimentally-induced atherogenic rats by feeding a high fat-high cholesterol diet. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were bilaterally ovariectomized; sham-operated animals were used as controls. Three weeks later, the animals were randomized to the following treatments for an eight-week experimental period: 17$\beta$-estradiol (200$\mu$ g/kg diet), low concentration of isoflavones (0.8g/kg diet), and high concentration of isoflavones (4.0g/kg diet). In the group supplemented with a high dose of isoflavones, COX-2 expression was down-regulated. This down-regulation was accompanied by a reduced expression of pERK1/2. In the second experiment using 48-week old female Sprague-Dawly rats, the effects of isoflavones and estrogen were compared in the basal estrogen-supplementation at the level of 600$\mu$ g/kg diet. Isoflavones induced the marked down-regulation of COX-2 protein and the decrease in $PGE_2$ production in estrogen supplemented states and this was followed by the down-regulation of p38 among mapkinases. The two different mapkinases are involved in the down-regulation of COX-2 depending on estrogen-deficient and estrogen supplemented states. This kind of COX-2 down-regulation by isoflavones was not observed in the different tissue, mammary glands. Further investigations on the relationship between COX-2 and biological activities such as vasodilation by isoflavonesin the absence or the presence of estrogen ave required in vivo system of female rats.