• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1586-1590
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to measure empathy in physical therapy students using a self-report measure of empathy. One hundred seventy students from three different majors participated in the study. The physical therapy group consisted of 49 people, 24 men and 25 women. The psychotherapy group has 59 people, 17 males and 42 females. 62 participants were randomly assigned to the engineering group, with 18 males and 44 females. It was hypothesized that empathy would be higher in physical therapy students compared to those in engineering. Empathy Quotient (EQ) supported the research hypothesis, with students in physical theapy higher than students in engineering There is no statistically significant difference in the EQ between physical therapy and psychotherapy. There were also differences in empathy according to major and gender. Our research suggests that empathy needs to be promoted through education and training.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5356-5363
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 간호대학생을 대상으로 단축형 공감척도의 심리측정 속성을 분석하여 한국판으로 타당화하는 것이다. 총 528명의 간호대학생(여학생 494, 남학생 34)을 대상으로 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석 및 상관분석이 이루어졌다. 연구1(N=298)에서 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 전체 22문항 중 11문항 단일요인 구조가 확인되었다. 내적 신뢰도는 .88로 다소 높았으며 대인간 반응척도(IRI)와의 상관관계 분석을 통해(r=.279, p<.000) 한국판 단축 공감척도(EQ-Short-K)의 준거 타당도를 확인하였다. 연구2(N=230)에서 총 11문항의 한국판 단축 공감척도와 대인관계 유능성 척도(ICQ)의 상관분석결과 통계적으로 유의한 상관이 제시되었다(r=.351, p<.000). 본 연구결과는 한국판 단축 공감척도의 내적 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하고 이를 토대로 한국의 간호 영역에서 의미있게 활용될 수 있는 공감 측정 도구로서의 타당성과 유용성을 제시하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.332-338
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• 2010

그동안 공감이 대인관계에서 하는 역할은 꾸준히 밝혀져 왔다. 하지만 공감이 주관적 안녕감에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 밝히는 연구는 거의 없었다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 공감이 자기존중감을 매개로 주관적 안녕감에 영향을 미친다는 모형을 가정하고 검정하고자 하였다. 또한 허재홍, 이찬종 (2010)은 공감지수 (Empathy Quotient: EQ) 척도의 심리측정 속성은 밝혔으나 확인요인분석은 하지 않아 본 연구에서 확인요인분석을 하였다. 대학생 421명 (남학생 192명, 여학생 225명)을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였고, 구조방정식 모형과 경로분석을 하였다. 연구결과 EQ는 기존 연구와 마찬가지로 세 요인 (인지공감, 정서공감, 사회기술공감)으로 보는 것이 타당하였다. 또한 공감은 자기존중감을 매개로 주관적 안녕감에 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이 연구 결과에서 공감이 우리나라 문화에서 개인이 문화의 가치를 충족시킴으로써 자기존중감을 높이고 이는 다시 주관적 안녕감을 향상시킨다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 함께 본 연구에서는 공감에 우리나라 문화 특성도 반영해야 한다는 사실도 시사되었다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2018

This study investigated associations between attachment and friendship. This study also examined the mediating effects of empathy on the association between two variables. Participants consisted of $4^{th}$ to $6^{th}$ grade elementary school children including 173 boys and 141 girls. Two elementary schools were located in Seoul and Bucheon. Children participated in a peer nomination interview. They nominated their three most liked peers. Children's responses to the best friend of the peer nomination identified the children's best friends. A Friendship Quality Scale measured children's positive friendship quality and friendship satisfaction. Children completed the Inventory of the Parent and Peer Attachment Scale that assessed maternal and paternal attachment. In addition, they completed a children's version of the Empathy Quotient that measured empathy. Pearson's correlation and Structural Equation Modeling were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that attachment had a direct influence on friendship network. Children who had the high levels of attachment security had large friendship network. However, attachment did not have a significant effect on friendship quality. Moreover, empathy had mediating effects on the association between attachment and friendship quality as well as the friendship network. The results of this research highlight the importance of attachment and empathy on children's friendship.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the self-esteem of health science college students and their empathy for others. Methods : A survey was administered to 448 students from the five departments of health science (Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, Dental Hygienics, Nursing, and Medical Administration) at a college located in Busan, South Korea, between September 28 and November 2, 2017. To measure their self-esteem and empathy for others, the Self-esteem Scale and the Korean Empathy Quotient (K-EQ) Scale were used. Results : There were statistically significant differences in social skills as a sub-item of empathy skills based on age and department, as well as in emotion as a sub-item of empathy skills based on sex. Self-esteem and all the items of empathy showed meaningful differences based on monthly expenses, while self-esteem and cognition as a sub-item of empathy skills displayed significant differences based on source of monthly income. Noteworthy differences were also found in self-esteem and emotion as a sub-item of empathy skills based on satisfaction with current school life. Self-esteem and empathy skills were shown to have a positive correlation. Conclusion : According to the results of this study, self-esteem and empathy skills had a statistically significant correlation. Further research is needed to investigate how health science college students can improve their understanding of themselves and their empathy for others.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.241-255
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the moderating effect of children's negative emotionality on the relationship between maternal attitude toward children's emotional expression based on the differential susceptibility model. Methods: Participants were 216 preschool children including 116 boys and 100 girls from day care centers and preschools located in Chungchung province and Seoul. EAS was used to measure the children's negative emotionality. The children's empathy quotient was used to measure empathy. Mothers reported their attitude toward children's emotional expression. Results: The results revealed that the association between empathy and maternal suppression of children's emotional expression was significant only for the children with high levels of negative emotionality. Moreover, the magnitude of association between empathy and maternal acceptance of children's emotional expression was greater for high levels of negative emotionality. Conclusion/Implications: It was concluded that these findings supported the differential susceptibility model.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2021

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between brain structure and empathy in early adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: Nineteen early adolescents with ADHD and 20 healthy controls underwent 3T MRI. All the participants were assessed for different aspects of empathy using measures including the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and Empathy Quotient. Cortical thickness and subcortical structural volume based on T1-weighted scans were analyzed using FreeSurfer. Results: Cognitive empathy (t=-2.52, p=0.016) and perspective taking (t=-2.10, p=0.043) were impaired in the ADHD group compared with the control group. The cluster encompassing the left posterior insular, supramarginal, and transverse temporal cortices [cluster-wise p-value (CWP)=0.001], which are associated with emotional empathy, was significantly smaller in the ADHD group, and the volume of the left nucleus accumbens was greater than that of the control group (F=10.12, p=0.003, effect size=0.22). In the control group, the left superior temporal (CWP=0.002) and lingual cortical (CWP=0.035) thicknesses were positively associated with cognitive empathy, while the right amygdala volume was positively associated with empathic concern (Coef=14.26, t=3.92, p=0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between empathy and brain structure in the ADHD group. Conclusion: The ADHD group had a smaller volume of the cortical area associated with emotional empathy than the control group, and there was no brain region showing significant correlation with empathy, unlike in the control group.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2018

Purpose : In this research, I tried to examine the effect of handwork activities through group activities on self-esteem and sympathy index. Method : In this research, for men and women enrolled in K university, we explain sufficiently the purpose and method of research and randomly assign to 20 training group and 20 control group for those who agreed with experiment we divided handwork activities twice a week from november 18, 2016 to December 6, six times in total for 30 minutes. Results : Compared with self-esteem among groups, group training exercises showed higher interpersonal relationships than control group, and self-accepted items and self-efficacy items decreased. empathy comparison that group fits according to arbitration period compared with group control training group, group of training exercise high emotional sympathy items and social skills items appear high, cognitive sympathy items are low. Conclusion : From the results of this study, it turned out that the activities of handwork by group improved interpersonal relationships, emotional sympathy and social skills. In light of the results of these studies, it can be considered that better results can be obtained when applied to children and young people who are forming self-esteem and cognitive sympathy. In future research, further studies based on age, sex and further research corresponding to each situation, student's self esteem and a broader material for developing program necessary for cognitive sympathy can be obtained.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2020

본 연구는 개인의 서번트 리더십 지수(SLQ)를 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고 그 타당성을 검증하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 관련 문헌 및 선행연구를 중심으로 총 100문항을 구성하였다. 탐색적 요인 분석결과 5개 요인으로 구분되었으며, 최종 선정은 40문항에 해당한다. 1 요인은 경청(5문항), 공감(4문항), 치유(4문항), 2 요인은 미래보기(2문항), 청지기정신(3문항), 이웃성장에 헌신(4문항), 공동체 세우기(4문항), 3요인은 개념화(5문항), 4요인은 인식(5문항), 5요인은 설득(4문항)에 해당한다. 최종 선정된 전체 문항에 대한 신뢰도는 .97에 해당하였으며, 서번트 리더십 지수 전체와 하위요인 간에는 r=.788~.872범위 안에 해당하여 통계적으로 높은 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 인구사회학적 변인간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 일원분산 분석을 실시한 결과 성별에 따라 서번트 리더십 전체 지수는 차이가 없었으나 초, 중, 고, 성인에 따라 유의하게 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 사후 검증 결과 서번트 전체 지수에서는 학생집단(초,중고) 간에는 차이가 없었으나 성인초기, 성인중기 집단과는 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 집단이나 조직의 범위에서 벗어나 개인의 서번트 리더십 지수(SLQ)를 측정할 수 있도록 문항이 구성되어 있어서 다양한 분야에서 활용할 수 있다는 것에 의의가 있다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2000

This study of the characteristics and the relationships of children's emotional intelligence (EQ) and self-esteem had a sample of 1060 5th grade children. The rank order of four EQ factors from highest to lowest was "perception of emotion", "other-regulation and self-expression", "self-regulation and emotion utilization", and "empathy". Among self-esteem factors, "general self-worth" had the highest correlation with overall self-esteem; "physical appearance" was most strongly correlated with "general self-worth". Relationships between EQ and self-esteem showed that higher EQ was associated with higher self-esteem. Among EQ factors, "other-regulation and self-expression" was the strongest predictor of "behavioral conduct." The next strongest predictor of self-esteem among EQ factors was "self-regulation and utilization of emotion". Other self-esteem factors well predicted by EQ were "general self-worth", and "scholastic competence".