• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2002

Constructivism is defined in a variety of ways (e.g., constructivist research paradigm, sociological constructivism, and philosophical constructivism) and applied in vastly different contexts. Among the various usages and interpretations of constructivism, one is educational constructivism that embodies an epistemological view of knowledge and learning that is an alternative to naive empiricism or classical behaviorism. To represent the full range of stances taken by educational constructivists, three versions of educational constructivism were considered in this study: individual constructivism originating in the work of Piaget, the radical version of constructivism associated with von Glasersfeld, and the social constructivism of Vygotsky. I investigated preservice teachers' meaning construction about constructivist epistemology as they went through their preservice teacher education program using in-depth interviews. This preservice teacher education program employs constructivist aspects of teacher education and generates applications of constructivism to the practice of teaching. Features of preservice teachers' internalized meanings of educational constructivism include: (1)traditional pedagogy as the default, (2) Literal interpretation of constructivism, (3) Individual constructivism as conceptual change learning, (4) Radical constructivism as a strong individualistic philosophy, (5) Social constructivism as being too ideal to be practical. A compilation of the teachers' own statements about how to implement conceptual change learning and their projected role as constructivist teacher is also provided.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.193-212
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• 2002

What is radical constructivism There were many questions arose related with radical constructivism in mathematics education. In this paper, the author put seven frequentlyasked questions on radical constructivism and described each question one by one in light with constructivists' point of views. The questions included types of constructivista, radical constructivism, trivial or weak constructivism, and social constructivism; representative people in radical constructivism; matter of ontological reality; evaluation of others' work; shared meaning; social influence; and teacher's roles from the perspectives of radical constructivism. The author added his opinions ell each Question.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제41호
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• pp.256-265
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• 2003

This study aims to investigate how to apply the theory of constructivism to CADD education. To maximize educational effect in the educational process, evaluation, media, interactions between instructor and learners, existing CADD education has some limitations and needs new methodology. Constructivism can be said to be a learner-oriented theory in that it emphasizes on the process of understanding in each individual. It can contribute in educational practice to elicit each learner's motivation and to develope their creativity. This paper tried to investigate how to apply constructivism to architectural designing and find the most suitable CAAD education methodology related to design studio.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.163-175
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• 2005

본 논문은 현대사회의 이상적 교육방법으로 구성주의 교수-학습이론의 의의와 특징을 밝히고 구성주의 교육방법과 교육환경이 학교도서관에 어떻게 관련을 가지는지 논하였다. 또한 구성주의 교육방법과 관련하여 우리나라 학교도서관이 개선되어야 할 점을 제시함으로서 학교교육의 문제해결에 학교도서관이 기여하는 바를 논하였다.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1998

요즘 지식과 앎(knowing)에 대한 새로운 인식론적 패러다임으로 떠오르고 있는 구성주의(constructivism)에 접하여 여러 가지 학습 방법들이 제시되고 있으나 체계적이고 획기적인 대안이 나오는 것은 아니다. 구성주의를 주창하는 사람들이 제안하는 교수 학습 방법은 이미 관심 있는 교사들이 실천하고 있는 학습 방법이다. 이런 맥락에서 교실 현장에 밀접한 연구 결과와 많은 학습 방법을 제시한 Richard Skemp의 이론을 구성주의에 비추어 해석하고 그의 수 개념 기초를 위한 여러 놀이 활동을 소개하고자 한다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.427-447
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• 2001

과학교사들은 과학에 대하여, 학습자의 학습방법에 대하여, 과학을 가르치기 위한 효과적인 교수방법에 대하여 알아야 할 뿐만 아니라, 그들이 취하고 있는 교수방법이 배경하고 있는 이론적 근거(rationale)를 이해해야만 한다. 이러한 이유로 본 글에서는 전통적 교수/학습관에 대한 대안으로 제시되고 있는 구성주의 학습관, 나아가 다양한 형태의 구성주의의 유래를 논의하였다. 과학교육에서 구성주의는 철학적 구성주의, 구성주의 연구 패러다임, 사회학적 구성주의 및 교육학적 구성주의 등 여러 가지 의미로 광범위한 상황들에서 사용되고 있다. 이 가운데 교육학적(또는 심리학적) 구성주의는 각 형태가 취하고 있는 존재론적, 인식론적 신념에 따라 다시 개인적 구성주의, 급진적 구성주의 및 사회적 구성주의의 세 가지 유형으로 나누어진다. 나아가, 각 교육학적 구성주의는 각각이 취하고 있는 존재론 및 인식론적 관점에 바탕하고 다른 교수/학습관을 지지하고 있다. 이에 본고에서는 각각의 교육학적 구성주의가 채택하고 있는 존재론적, 인식론적, 과학교수/학습적 관점을 논의한다. 끝으로 구성주의 교수/학습관에 대한 두 가지의 주된 비판에 대하여 살펴보고, 각 형태의 교육학적 구성주의가 취하고 있는 연구방법에 대한 시사점도 간단히 제시한다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2009

학교교육에서 구성주의는 학습자에게 지식이 전달 될 때 학습자의 경험과 능력이 전달된 지식에 응용되어 새로운 주관적 지식이 구성된다고 주장한다. 객관적 지식의 존재는 부정된다. 인지적 구성주의는 개인의 인지적 능력에 의한 주관적 지식의 구성을 말하며, 사회적 구성주의는 학교사회에서 학습자들의 상호작용에 의한 지식의 구성을 말한다. 즉 전자는 지식구성의 주체가 개인이며, 후자는 사회이다. 구조주의는 지식정보자료의 text에서 기존지식의 구조를 분석 파악한다. 구조주의는 text에서 지식을 전제하며 객관적 구조(지식)을 분석 파악하는 것으로 구성주의의 주관적 지식의 응용과는 차이가 있다. 그러나 후기구조주의에서는 text를 완결된 것이 아닌 열린 체계로 보고 지식의 구조를 파악하기 때문에 구성주의와 상통하게 된다. 교육을 지식의 기억(이해)과 지식의 응용이라고 할때 구성주의는 지식의 응용에 해당하고 구조주의는 지식의 기억(이해)에 해당한다. 본 논문에서는 교육방법의 측면에서 구조주의와 구성주의의 특성을 비교하고 학교도서관의 역할이 구성주의 교육방법에 필수적임을 규명하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.299-312
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• 1998

In this study, we have investigated the meaning and mechanism of the 'construction' in the operational constructivism and the social constructivism. According to Piaget, a mathematical concept is the operational sch me, which is constructed through the reflective abstraction from a general coordination of activities and operations. The process of the reflective abstraction consists of 'reflechissement'and 'reflexion'. The reflechissement starting from 'intriorisation' concludes with 'thematisation', and the reflexion consists in the 'equilibration' of the result of reflechissement. The 'construction' in the social constructivism includes two process. One is the process from the individual, subjective knowledge of mathematics to the social, objective knowledge of mathematics, and the other is vice versa. The emphases is placed on the 'social interaction' and the 'representation' in this two processes. In this context, if we want to apply the social constructivism, we should clarify the meaning of 'society', and consider the difference between the society of mathematicians and the society of students.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.100-113
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• 1998

The information society is characterized by rapidly increasing and changing information. Traditional models of learning and instruct on have emphasized forms of mastering the information in content domains. Storing information and being able to recall it has been central to formal education. But it is no longer possible to master content domains. This paper discusses constructivism as a shifting paradigm for educational research and practice in information society. Constructivism provides an alternative epistemological base to the objectivist tradition. Constructivism holds that there is a real world that we experience. However, the argument is that meaning is imposed on the world by us, rather than existing in the world independently of us. Meaning is seen as rooted in experience. The experience in which an idea is embedded is critical to the individual's understanding of that idea. From the constructivist perspective, learning is not a stimulus-response phenomenon. It requires self-regulation and the building of conceptual structures through reflection and abstraction. Problems are not solved by the retrieval of rote-learned right answers. The effective motivation to continue learning can be fostered by leading students to experience the pleasure that is inherent in solving problems chosen as one's own. Constructivism requires the change of the teacher's role from a knowledge transmitter to a coach or facilitator of student's understanding. Constructivist teachers inquire about students' understanding of concepts before sharing their own understandings of those concepts, and encourage students to engage in dialogue, both with them arid with one another. In Korea, the educational reform called open education has been spreading through out the country. There should be a paradigm shift in learning and instruction from objectivism to constructivism for better educational reform in Korea.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.295-309
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• 1999

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate problems with the current mathematics textbook. According to a survey, the following were the findings: Textbook is only a tool-book for introducing mathematical facts. It is a unique book for all students possessing different level of mathematical ability. There is difficulty in teaming math using technological devices and in activating(mental and concrete) manipulative activities. There is difficulty in communicating while doing mathematics. There is lack of defined and developed layout of textbook, et. al. It can be however found that these problems can be solved to some degrees, when mathematics textbook is developed based on constructivism. Recently, in mathematics education, it has been gradually emphasized that constructivism can be powerful in teaching and learning mathematics. There are however some difficulties in developing mathematics textbooks to reflect constructivism, such as to fill the gap between the contents written in the national curriculum determined in advance and the contents which students construct psychologically or socially in mathematics class.