• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.153-174
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to examine the leisure activities of housewives, to identify the factors that influence leisure activities, and to explore the factors contribute to their life satisfaction. So, this study analyses the effects of econo-demographic and socio-cultural variables and of leisure constraint factors on the leisure activities of housewives. And it deals with how these variables and the leisure activities influence life satisfaction of housewives. For these puoposes, 508 housewives residing in Seoul & Daegu were selected for interviews. For data analysis such statistical methods as ANOVA, t-test, Pearson's correlation, adn Multiple Regression Analysis can be summarised. The main findings of the research are as follows: 1. Leisure acivities are classified in Self-developmental, Home-oriented, Time-consuming, Social and Children-concerned types by the technique of factor analysis. The average particiation level was high in Time-consuming type, but low in Self-developmental type. 2. The participation level of leisure activities shows significant differences by selected variables: The Self-developmental type shows significant differences by housewife's education level, income, husband's occupation, role orientation, home management type and leisure constraints. And Children-concerned type was differed to number of family nember, number of children, age of housewife and age of housewife and age of the youngst child. 3. The preference level of leisure activities differ by housewife's education level, income, husband's occupation, home management type and leisure constraints in the Self-developmental and the Social type. And the preference level of Home-oriented leisure activities was high in the middle class of income and husband's occupation. 4. The preference and participation level of leisure activities show differences. And the variables affecting the differences were housewife's age, education level, home management type, role orientation, leisure constraint factors in the Self-developmental type, and were demographic variables such as number of family member, housewife's age in the Home-oriented type. 5. The variables which affected the level of life satisfaction independently were leisure space, income, the participation level of the Self-developmental and the Social type and the preference level of the Self-developmental type.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권10호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental trajectories of adolescents' internalizing problem behaviors. The data came from 3,188 middle school students through their participation in the Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS). Adolescents with a high level of internalizing problem behaviors in the first year showed a rapid decline in these behaviors over time, whereas for adolescents with a low level of these behaviors in the first year the decline was slow. The predictors of the developmental trajectories were related to individual variables, such as gender, self-esteem, self-control, stress, self-stigmatization, and academic achievement. The developmental trajectories of adolescents' internalizing problem behaviors were classified into four groups. The predictors of the patterns of developmental trajectories in adolescents' internalizing problem behaviors appeared to be related to individual variables.

• 아동학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.82-97
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) the developmental level of children's concept of gender by age and sex. (2) children's sex-specific behaviors by age and sex, and (3) children's sex-specific behaviors by developmental level of gender constancy. The subjects were 164 children (forty 3-year-olds, forty-three 5-year-olds, forty 7-year-olds and forty-one 9-year olds) with nearly equal numbers of boys and girls. They were selected from two kindergartens and one elementary school. A quasi experiment was carried out with the procedures described by Slaby and Frey (1976) to measure children's developmental level of the concept of gender constancy. Two experiments were carried out to observe children's sex-specific behaviors: one for children's toy choice behavior and the other for children's interaction with their peers. Statistical methods adopted for data analysis were frequencies. percentiles, mean. and $X^2$. It was found that children's sex-specific behaviors were different according to their developmental level of gender constancy. Children's developmental level of gender constancy was significantly different according to their age, but there was no difference according to their sex. Children's toy-choice behavior was significantly different according to their age and sex. Children's sex-specific behaviors were significantly different according to their concept of gender constancy.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2012

이 연구는 아동의 발달 특성과 정서성 및 어머니의 자기효능감이 어머니의 양육스트레스에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 아동의 발달 특성과 정서성이 어머니의 양육스트레스에 미치는 영향과 어머니의 자기효능감이 아동의 발달 특성 및 정서성과 어머니의 양육스트레스에 매개특성으로 작용하는가를 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하여 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 한국아동패널의 일반 조사 대상 가구 중 1차년도 조사에 참여한 2078명의 신생아 가구이다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 아동의 발달 특성과 정서성은 어머니의 양육스트레스에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 아동의 발달 특성과 정서성은 어머니의 자기효능감에 영향을 미치고, 이러한 영향은 어머니의 양육스트레스를 가중시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 아동 발달, 아동의 기질에 대한 어머니의 지식을 확장시키기 위한 다양한 부모 교육 프로그램과 어머니 자신의 자기효능감을 향상시킬 수 있는 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.183-199
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• 2007

This longitudinal study investigated developmental changes in temperament and examined social adjustment problems by early temperamental characteristics and developmental patterns of temperamental change during infancy. Subjects were 153 six-month-old infants and their mothers. Infant temperament and toddler's problem behavior were measured by the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (Garstein & Rothbart, 2003) and the Toddler Behavior Checklist (Larzelere et al., 1989), respectively. Results showed that distress to limitations, high pleasure, perceptual sensitivity, and approach increased with age, while activity level, cuddliness, and vocal reactivity decreased. Infants with high scores in activity level, fear, sadness, and approach at 6 months showed more problem behaviors at 18 months. Infants showing abrupt developmental change of high pleasure and perceptual sensitivity developed more negative behavior.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.382-393
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 장애 아동의 발달재활서비스 부모의 이용만족도를 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 강원도의 9개 시, 군 지역 복지관, 사설기관 등 17개소에서 장애 아동 120명과 부모 120명을 설문대상으로 하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS Statistics 18을 사용하였으며, 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발달재활서비스를 이용하는 부모의 일반적 특성에서 수급형태가 이용만족도에 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 발달재활서비스의 서비스 이용특성에서 사설치료기관이 이용만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다, 셋째, 발달재활서비스의 서비스 제공에서 과정과 효과가 이용만족도에 유의하게 나타났다. 넷째, 발달재활서비스의 서비스 접근성에서 선택이 이용만족도에 미치는 영향은 유의하게 나타났다. 연구결과의 의의는 발달재활서비스의 서비스 제공과 서비스 접근성이 높을수록 장애 아동 부모의 이용만족도가 높아진다는 것을 확인한 것이다. 이에 따라 발달재활서비스를 이용하는 부모의 이용만족도를 향상시키기 위한 논의와 함의를 제시하였다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2019

이 연구에서는 발달장애인 가족 284명을 대상으로 가족지원 서비스에 대한 중요도와 만족도 인식 수준을 알아보았는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발달장애인 가족의 가족지원 서비스에 대한 중요도-만족도 인식 수준은 전반적으로 그리고 하위유형별로 모두 통계적 유의차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 발달장애인 가족의 가족지원 서비스에 대한 중요도 인식 수준은 양육활동 지원, 신체적 물질적 안녕 지원, 가족 상호작용 지원의 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 발달장애인 가족의 가족지원 서비스에 대한 만족도는 양육활동 지원, 가족 상호작용 지원, 정서적 안녕 지원의 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 중요도-만족도 사분면의 특성을 분석하여 현상 유지, 개선 노력, 중장기 전략 필요 등을 제안하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 발달장애인 가족지원 서비스의 개선을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to employ the Latent Growth Curve Model to investigate the developmental trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and to identify predictors that might have an effect on change and the level of developmental trajectories. The results of this study indicated that the maternal depressive levels of a high risk group had increased significantly over the past 5 years. The predictors for these developmental trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were as follows; birth order, maternal prenatal depressive levels, self-esteem, marital satisfaction, parenting stress and the level of family crisis experienced by the high risk group.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2015

To improve the developmental potential of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, this study compared the developmental rates to blastocyst stage in the SCNT embryos using donor fibroblasts treated with 5-azacytidine (5AC) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) at different concentrations. Their reprogramming efficiency level was investigated with level of telomerase activity. Donor fibroblasts isolated from adult ear skin of a cow were exposed to 5AC and SAH at different concentrations during 2 passages. After nuclear transfer into enucleated recipient oocytes, the cleavage and developmental rates were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the SCNT embryos using 5AC-treated fibroblasts (5AC-SCNT embryos), compared with those of non-treated control (control-SCNT embryos) and SAH-treated fibroblasts (SAH-SCNT embryos). The developmental rates to blastocyst stage tended to be slightly increased in the SAH-SCNT embryos at each of the concentrations, and especially, the developmental rates in the SCNT embryos using 1.0 mM SAH-treated fibroblasts were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of control SCNT embryos. The mean numbers of total and ICM cell in blastocysts were also significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the 5AC-SCNT embryos, compared with those of other SCNT blastocysts. Further, the level of telomerase activity was also significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the 5AC-SCNT embryos than those of control and SAH-SCNT embryos. Whereas, a significantly (p<0.05) up-regulated telomerase activity was observed in SAH-SCNT embryos, compare with that of control-SCNT embryos. In conclusion, SCNT embryos using hypomethylated donor cells with SAH, not 5AC, may improve the developmental potential and reprogramming efficiency.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2015

The gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonadal development and changes in hormones in plasma level of the indoor cultured grunt (Hapalogenys nitens) were investigated by histological study from August 2011 to October 2012. The GSI showed similar trends with gonad developmental stages during the culture periods. Changes in plasma level of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ of female H. nitens reached the highest value before the spawning period, and seasonal changes in plasma level of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ were similar in trends of oocyte developments and GSI changes. Testosterone levels of male H. nitens reached the highest value before and after the spent stage. Ovarian developmental stages of H. nitens could be classified into early growing stage, late growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spawning stage, recovery and resting stage. The testicular developmental stages could be divided into growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spent stage, and recovery and resting stage.