• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2017

Salt stress is one of the most limiting factors that reduce plant growth, development and yield. However, identification of salt-inducible genes is an initial step for understanding the adaptive response of plants to salt stress. In this study, we used an annealing control primer (ACP) based GeneFishing technique to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Italian ryegrass seedlings under salt stress. Ten-day-old seedlings were exposed to 100 mM NaCl for 6 h. Using 60 ACPs, a total 8 up-regulated genes were identified and sequenced. We identified several promising genes encoding alpha-glactosidase b, light harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein, metallothionein-like protein 3B-like, translation factor SUI, translation initiation factor eIF1, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 and elongation factor 1-alpha. These genes were mostly involved in plant development, signaling, ROS detoxification and salt acclimation. However, this study provides new molecular information of several genes to understand the salt stress response. These genes would be useful for the enhancement of salt stress tolerance in plants.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.475-485
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 대학운동선수를 대상으로 운동을 해오면서 경험하고 의식해왔던 환경요인들이 그들 자신의 성취목표에 어떻게 영향을 미쳤는지 알아보는 것이다. 우선 Martindale 등 (2010)이 개발한 영재육성환경질문지를 번안하여 측정한 선수들의 환경적 요인 분석결과, 남자운동선수가 여자운동선수보다 장기적발달관점 요인과 의사소통 요인에서 높게 나타났다. 반면 선수이해부족 요인에서는 여자운동선수가 남자운동선수보다 높게 나타났다. 다음으로 Wang 등 (2007)의 스포츠성취목표질문지를 번안하여 측정한 선수들의 성취목표 요인을 분석한 결과, 남자운동선수보다 여자운동선수가 더 높게 나타난 숙련회피 요인을 제외하고, 모든 요인에서 성별 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 영재육성환경 요인이 성취목표에 주는 영향을 알아본 결과, 남자운동선수의 경우 27.8%에서 34.5%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났으며, 여자운동선수의 경우, 13.2%에서 22.7% 설명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 활용적인 측면에서 연구결과는 앞으로 지도자와 스포츠행정가가 효과적인 스포츠영재육성프로그램을 개발할 시에 고려해야할 개념틀로 제시될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.378-386
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• 2018

GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR (GRF) 유전자는 QLQ와 WRC 도메인을 갖고 있는 식물 특이적 전사조절인자로 식물기관들의 생장과 발달에 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 배추로부터 분리된 BrGRF3-1과 BrGRF9 유전자를 각각 35S 프로모터에 결합시켜 두 종류의 식물 형질전환 벡터를 제작한 후 아그로박테리움을 이용하여 유채에 형질전환하였다. 선발된 형질전환체의 특성을 분석한 결과 세포 크기 보다는 세포 수 증가에 의해 자엽, 잎, 종자의 크기가 커지는 것으로 나타났다. RT-PCR로 유전자 발현을 분석한 결과 BrGRF3-1과 BrGRF9 유전자는 기관 생장 발달에 관여하는 지베렐린(GA), 옥신(auxin), 세포분열 관련 유전자들의 발현을 조절함으로써 유채 기관의 생장과 발달에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추측된다. 따라서 본 연구결과로 BrGRF 유전자는 생명공학기술을 활용하여 작물의 농업적 형질을 개선하기 위한 유전자원으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2001

Neutron dose assessment in criticality accidents using Whole Body Counter (WBC) was proved to be an effective method as rapid neutron dose estimation at the JCO criticality accident in Tokai-mura. The 1.36MeV gamma-ray of $^{24}Na$ in a body can be detected easily by a germanium detector. The Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) of $^{24}Na$ is approximately 50Bq for 10miniute measurement by the germanium-type whole body counter at JNC Tokai Works. Neutron energy spectra at the typical shielding conditions in criticality accidents were calculated and the conversion factor, whole body activity-to-organ mass weighted neutron absorbed dose, corresponding to each condition were determined. The conversion factor for uncollied fission spectrum is 7.7 $[(Bq^{24}Na/g^{23}Na)/mGy]$.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2000

도시와 농촌간의 균형 있는 발전을 유도하기 위해서 탄생된 도농통합시는 지역특성을 고려하지 않은 무분별한 개발양상으로 인해 지역적 불균형이 더욱 심화되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 경상북도의 도농통합시를 대상으로 지속가능한 공간계획을 수립하기 위한 선행연구로서 지역특성 및 유형화 분석을 수행하고자 하였다. 먼저, 지역특성을 규명하기 위해서 인구규모, 농업구조, 생활환경 등이 반영된 변수들을 중심으로 인자분석을 적용한 결과, 개발지향적 인자, 농업적 인자, 생활환경적 인자, 미작적 인자, 과수적 인자가 추출되었고, 지역유형은 과수농업중심형, 중 소규모 농업형, 과소 침체 농촌형, 도시화 진행형, 도시 농촌 혼재형, 동남부해안 공업형으로 군집화되었으며, 지역유형구분의 신뢰도를 통계적으로 검증하기 위해 판별분석을 적용한 결과, 제II, V, VI유형은 100%이고, 나머지 유형은 90%정도의 신뢰도를 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2015

The level of nitrous oxide ($N_2O$), a long-lived greenhouse gas, in atmosphere has increased mainly due to anthropogenic sources, especially application of nitrogen fertilizers. Quantifying $N_2O$ emission in the agricultural field is essential to develop national inventories of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. The objective of this study was to develop an emission factor to estimate the direct $N_2O$ emission from an agricultural field cultivated with the Chinese cabbage during autumn season in 2010-2012. Emission factor of $N_2O$ calculated over three years experiment using accumulated $N_2O$ emission, nitrogen fertilization rate, and background $N_2O$ emission was $0.0058{\pm}0.00254kg\;N_2O-N\;kg^{-1}\;N$. More extensive studies need to be conducted to develop $N_2O$ emission factors for other upland crops in the various regions of Korea because $N_2O$ emission is influenced by many factors including climate characteristics, soil properties, and agricultural practices as well as crop species.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.496-503
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• 2018

Background: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) plays an anti-inflammatory role in a variety of inflammatory diseases such as gastritis, hepatitis, and colitis. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of the calyx of the P. ginseng berry has not been thoroughly evaluated. To understand whether the calyx portion of the P. ginseng berry is able to ameliorate inflammatory processes, an ethanolic extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-EE) was prepared, and lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages and HEK293 cells transfected with inflammation-regulatory proteins were used to test the anti-inflammatory action of Pg-C-EE. Methods: The ginsenoside contents of Pg-C-EE were analyzed by HPLC. Suppressive activity of Pg-C-EE on NO production, inflammatory gene expression, transcriptional activation, and inflammation signaling events were examined using the Griess assay, reverse transcription-polymerization chain reaction, luciferase activity reporter gene assay, and immunoblotting analysis. Results: Pg-C-EE reduced NO production and diminished mRNA expression of inflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible NO synthase, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ in a dose-dependent manner. This extract suppressed luciferase activity induced only by nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$. Interestingly, immunoblotting analysis results demonstrated that Pg-C-EE reduced the activities of protein kinase B (AKT)1 and AKT2. Conclusion: These results suggest that Pg-C-EE may have nuclear-factor-${\kappa}B$-targeted anti-inflammatory properties through suppression of AKT. The calyx of the P. ginseng berry is an underused part of the ginseng plant, and development of calyx-derived extracts may be useful for treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2008

A numerical study for laminar flow in the entrance region of helical tubes for uniform inlet velocity conditions is carried out by means of the finite volume method to investigate the effects of Reynolds number, pitch and curvature ratio on the flow development. This results cover a curvature ratio range of 1/10$\sim$1/320, a pitch range of 0.0$\sim$3.2, and a Reynolds number range of 125$\sim$2000. It has been found that the curvature ratio does significantly effect on the angle of flow development, but the pitch and Reynolds number do not. The characteristic angle $\phi_c(=\phi/\sqrt{\delta})$, or the non-dimensional length $\overline{l}(=l\sqrt{\delta}cos(atan\lambda)/d)$ can be used to represent the flow development for uniform inlet velocity conditions. In uniform inlet velocity conditions, the growth of boundary layer delays the flow development attributed to centrifugal force, and in which conditions the amplitude of flow oscillations is smaller than that in parabolic inlet velocity conditions. If the pitch increases or if the curvature ratio or Reynolds number decreases, the minimum friction factor and the fully developed average friction factor normalized with the friction factor of a straight tube and the flow oscillations decrease.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develop a culture and leisure resources scale and examine the validity of the scale. The culture and Leisure resources scale was developed and identified its validity by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. The culture and leisure resources scale consisted of four factors, which were 'personal resources', 'support staff resources', 'facility resources', and 'program resources'. Those four factors indicated the reasonable fit indices from confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, this scale showed convergent validity with the satisfaction of cultural and leisure environment and the satisfaction of one's cultural and leisure life. The result of scale score comparison between rural and urban areas showed that culture and leisure resources in rural areas were less abundant than those in urban areas. Furthermore, while the variables which affected the satisfaction of urban residents' were mainly 'personal resources', the variables in case of rural residents' were mainly 'program resources' and 'facility Resources'. The culture and leisure resources scale can be used for policymakers practicably to evaluate regional level of culture and leisure resources, to compare between regions and to find policy priorities for improving the quality of leisure, especially for disadvantaged areas with less resources.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2020

We study empirically analyzes the relationship between the leadership styles and management strategies of executives perceived by members of small and medium venture companies through organizational performance through SPSS 24.0. The empirical results are as follows. First, the hypothesis that the strategic leadership of the one-level management team had a significant influence on the management strategy showed that strategic leadership (strategic direction, strategic control, maintaining effective organizational culture, ethical management, human resource development, competency development) The relationship between positive cost, strategy of differentiation, and strategy of concentration was positive. Second, the hypothesis 2 management strategy (cost advantage strategy, differentiation strategy, centralization strategy) was statistically significant for both organizational performance (financial performance and non-financial performance). Therefore, management strategy implemented by management acts as a factor to improve organizational performance. Therefore, the execution ability of management strategy should be strengthened. Third, hypothesis 3 (Strategic Direction, Strategic Control, Maintaining Effective Organizational Culture, Ethical Management, Human Resource Development, Competency Development) could be identified as an important role factor for financial and non-financial performance. The organizational performance of SMEs has been a key factor in the strategic leadership and management strategy implemented by management. Therefore, the establishment and implementation of various practical measures to upgrade this were continuously required.