• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.73-76
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• 1992

Effect of various fractions prepared from the methanol extract of Ixeris sonchifolia and flavonoids isolated from the extract on hypercholesterolemic mice were examined. When various fractions $(CHCl_3,\;Interphase,\;EtOAc,\;n-BuOH\;and\;H_2O)$were administered to mice, the Interphase material produced a significant activity. Total cholesterol level in the Interphase material-treated group given doses of 25 and 50mg was decreased significantly by as much as 16% and 30%, respectively. Among the isolated flavonoids, cynaroside caused a significant hypocholesterolemic activity.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.146-149
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• 2008

From the leaves of Angelica keiskei (Umbelliferae), luteolin, protocatechuic acid, guaijaverin, hyperoside and cynaroside were isolated and characterized by spectral data. Luteolin and protocatechuic acid showed potent DPPH radical scavenging activity.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.237.3-238
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• 2000

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.187-193
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• 2022

Lysimachia christinae Hance was commonly used in Oriental medicine for treating the hepatitis virus, cholecystitis and cholagogic efficiency. According to the previous study, it possesses high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Simultaneous determination analytical method of isolated eight compounds, cynaroside (1), 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) ethyl O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[6-deoxy-α-L-mannopyranosyl-(1→3)] β-D-glucopyranoside (2), stearylester ricinoleic acid (3), (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) but-3-en-1-yl palmitate (4), 2-hydroxy-24-methoxy-4-tetracosenoic acid (5), 2-hydroxy-24-propoxy-4-tetracosenoic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), and androst-16-ene-3,6-diol (8) were established by using HPLC-DAD. This HPLC analysis was detected on a Dionex C18 column (5 ㎛, 120 Å, 4.6 mm × 150 mm) at 25℃. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Validation of the method was assessed by linearity, precision and accuracy test. Calibration curve was good at r² > 0.9998. Limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.19 to 8.18 g/ml and Limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.19 to 24.80 g/ml. The relative standard deviations (RSD) values of precision test, intra- and inter- day, were less than 0.99% and 1.0%. The accuracy test results ranged from 98.81% to 106.49% and RSD values were less than 0.95%. These results showed that the HPLC-DAD method was very reliable and accurate for the quantity analysis of eight compounds in L. christinae extract for quality control.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.167-171
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• 1991

From the whole plants of Orostachys japonicus, kaempferol, quercetin, astragalin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, cynaroside, afzelin, 3-O-$\alpha$-rhamnosyl-7-$\beta$-D-glucosyl kaempferol, and 3, 7-di-O-$\beta$-D-glucosyl kaempferol were isolated and characterized by spectral data.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 2003

Ixeris dentata Nakai (Compositae) is a perennial herb which has been used as a folk medicine for treating diabetes and gastroenteric troubles in Korea. Active compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Ixeris dentata through the bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation method evaluated for inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in vitro. The compounds were identified as 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (1) and 5,7,3',4'- tetrahydroxyflavone 7-glucoside (2), based on physical and spectroscopic characteristics. Compounds 1 and 2 showed a selective inhibition of type B MAO (MAO-B) activity, with IC/sub 50/ values of 15.3 μM and 36.4 μM, respectively, but did not inhibit type A MAO (MAO-A) activity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1259-1267
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• 2019

Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities were examined on the extract of Dendranthema indicum (D. indicum) flowers. The flowers were extracted two times for 24 h each with 70% ethanol. Upon the biological activities screening, the ethanol extract exhibited potent free radical scavenging activities and inhibited the production of nitric oxide on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages effectively without causing cell toxicity. Further purification by medium pressure liquid hromatography (MPLC) and identification of the isolates led to identification of cynaroside (1) and apigetrin (2). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic data including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, as well as comparison of the data to the literature values. Also, the quantitative analysis of the compounds was perfromed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The isolates 1 and 2 were determined to inhibite the nitric oxide (NO) production dose-dependently. Based on these results, it was suggested that D. indicum extract could be useful as anti-inflammatory agents in cosmetics applications.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.427-436
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial constituents from Daucus carota var. sativa (carrot) areal parts. For the extract and solvent fractions, the anti-inflammatory activities were examined by measuring the nitric oxide (NO) production using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Among them, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction decreased the NO level in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate further anti-inflammatory mechanisms, EtOAc fraction was evaluated by estimating their effects on the production of prostaglandin $E_2$ and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). As a result, the EtOAc fraction was determined to inhibit the production of $PGE_2$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and reduce the iNOS, COX-2 protein expression. Upon the anti-bacterial tests using Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes, n-hexane (Hex) and EtOAc fractions showed the most potent activities. Three phytochemicals were isolated form the EtOAc fraction; diosmetin (1), diosmin (2), cynaroside (3). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data including $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectra, as well as comparison of the data to the literatures. Anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects were studied for the isolates. All of the compounds (1 - 3) decreased the NO production, effectively. Also, compound 3 showed anti-bacterial activity on P. acnes. Based on these results, D. carota var. sativa extract could be potentially applicable as anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.296-301
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• 1992

From the leaves of Ixeris sonchifolia (Compositae), luteolin and its glucoside and apigenin glucuronide were isolated and their structures were characterized on the basis of spectral data. Besides these flavonoids, the composition and relative content of free amino, acids and related compounds, compared to standards determined under identical conditions was also investigated using automatic amino acid analyzer. Major free amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, proline, valine and arginine.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.153-158
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• 2022

This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents of Lactuca serriola leaves and perform quantitative analysis of the methanol (MeOH) extract of L. serriola, L. indica, L. raddeana, L. sativa, and L. triangulata. Six compounds were isolated from the MeOH extracts of L. serriola using open column chromatography and identified as protocatechuic acid (1), caffeic acid (2), cynaroside (3), apigenin 7-glucuronide (4), luteolin (5), and apigenin (6) using ¹H-, ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. Quantitative analysis of the six compounds was performed on the MeOH extract of Lactuca species using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and an ultraviolet (UV). A reverse-phased column was used, and the UV absorbance was set to 280 nm. The contents of compounds 2 and 3 were the highest (1.58 and 2.64 mg/g ext., respectively) in L. serriola extracts. However, compounds 4 and 6 were higher (1.46 and 0.40 mg/g ext., respectively) in L. triangulata. These results provide quantitative data for the application of Lactuca species in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.