• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1437-1446
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• 2014

This study, the urban energy used office building green roof type composition of the target by analyze building energy reductions. Green roof is total 6 types(type A~F) were selected, EnergyPlus the energy simulation programs were used. Top floor of green roof types evaluation, the reduction of the cooling peak load type E(1.26%), type D(1.30%), type C(1.37%), type B(1.45%), type F(1.49%), and heating peak load is type D(1.32%), type E(1.40%), type C(1.47%), type F(1.69%), type B(2.13%) order. Annual cooling load of heating load is reduced more than about 1% effect. The heating load reduction ratio for a maximum of 9% respectively. Cooling peak load of the building energy performance evaluation of type F > type B > type C > type D > type E in the order and in the case of peak loads heating type B > type F > type D > type E>type C order. Annual total energy use reduction of 1.07 to 1.22% and earn, type B in the best good. In primary energy use reductions in the presence of a green roof were in the 4249~4876 kWh/yr. Annual $CO_2$ emissions reductions of unapplied type A were analyzed on average 469.78 kg.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.829-850
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• 2012

In this paper, we adopt symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (SIPG) methods to approximate the solution of nonlinear viscoelasticity-type equations. We construct finite element space which consists of piecewise continuous polynomials. We introduce an appropriate elliptic-type projection and prove its approximation properties. We construct semidiscrete discontinuous Galerkin approximations and prove the optimal convergence in $L^2$ normed space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate blowing performance for blowing type in space heater. This paper present that power requirement, static pressure, total pressure and static pressure efficiency were increased in proportion to air flow rate. And in the Korean space heater, side ward blowing type was effected than downward blowing type.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.877-897
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• 2016

In the present article, we study some approximation properties of the Kantorovich type generalization of $Sz{\acute{a}}sz$ type operators involving Charlier polynomials introduced by S. Varma and F. Taşdelen (Math. Comput. Modelling, 56 (5-6) (2012) 108-112). First, we establish approximation in a Lipschitz type space, weighted approximation theorems and A-statistical convergence properties for these operators. Then, we obtain the rate of approximation of functions having derivatives of bounded variation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.40-51
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• 2021

This study was conducted with the aim of constructing a unified model according to the structure of qualification types of lifelong education professionals for the disabled. The research method consisted of procedures in which literature analysis and expert meetings were constructed in connection with each other. The contents of the study were suggested from the classification of qualification types into professional teacher type and coordinator type by focusing on special education and rehabilitation, which are related convergence fields that affect the qualification training of lifelong education professionals for the disabled. The two convergence fields, such as special education and rehabilitation welfare, lead to a separate application base from the perspective of education and welfare for the qualification of lifelong education professionals for the disabled, and finally confusion and conflict in the nature and contents of the curriculum and related services. A dichotomy structure system in which this phenomenon results in a divided type of qualification training for lifelong education professionals with disabilities was composed of several samples. In this regard, the curriculum and related services that can build convergence fields related to lifelong education for the disabled were reflected in the context of priority through the criteria that should be emphasized from the standpoint of the disabled in the overall category of establishing lifelong education support system for the disabled. In addition, by forming four qualification criteria centering on this, the common convergence field was composed of special education, thereby enhancing the aspect of inclusion in the rehabilitation welfare field and specific convergence into lifelong education for the disabled. As a result, the two qualification types were unified.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.532-545
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• 2022

In-depth convergence analyses for neutronics/thermal-hydraulics (T/H) coupled calculations are performed to investigate the performance of nonlinear methods based on the Fixed-Point Iteration (FPI). A simplified neutronics-T/H coupled system consisting of a single fuel pin is derived to provide a testbed. The xenon equilibrium model is considered to investigate its impact during the nonlinear iteration. A problem set is organized to have a thousand different fuel temperature coefficients (FTC) and moderator temperature coefficients (MTC). The problem set is solved by the Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel (G-S) type FPI. The relaxation scheme and the Anderson acceleration are applied to improve the convergence rate of FPI. The performances of solution schemes are evaluated by comparing the number of iterations and the error reduction behavior. From those numerical investigations, it is demonstrated that the number of FPIs is increased as the feedback is stronger regardless of its sign. In addition, the Jacobi type FPIs generally shows a slower convergence rate than the G-S type FPI. It also turns out that the xenon equilibrium model can cause numerical instability for certain conditions. Lastly, it is figured out that the Anderson acceleration can effectively improve the convergence behaviors of FPI, compared to the conventional relaxation scheme.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.157-166
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• 2019

With the development of medical technology, interest in rehabilitation devices is increasing and various devices are being studied. In particular, devices for speech disorders such as hearing impairment and cleft palate are attracting attention. In general, the nasometer is used for patients with flaccid dysarthria and velopharyngeal incompetence(VPI). However, in the case of the conventional separator type nasometer, that has an acoustic feedback problem between the oral and nasal sounds. In recent, the mask type nasometer has been developed which is insensitive to acoustic feedback. But, still not popularized. In this paper, the nasometer characteristics of the conventional separation type and mask type are analyzed. Also, We were obtained clinical acoustic data from the 6 subjects and examined the significant differences in the structure of the separation type and mask type nasometer. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the measurement was about 3~15% higher in the mask type nasometer than the conventional nasometer having a separator type. Also, We was considered the necessity of nasometer signal processing for acoustic feedback reduction and nasalance calculation optimization.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.6-8
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• 2015

Finishing process includes deburring, polishing and edge radiusing. It improves the surface profile of specimen and eliminates the alien substance on surface. Deburring is the elimination process for debris of edges. Polishing lubricates surfaces by rubbing or chemical treatment. There are two types for electron finishing. The one is using pulse beam. The other is using the convergent and scanning electron beam. Pulse type device appropriates the large area process. But it does not control the beam dosage. Scanning type device has advantages for dosage control and edge deburring. We design the convergence and scan type. It has magnetic lenses for convergence and scan device for scanning beam. Magnetic lenses consist of convergent and objective lens. The lenses are designed by the specification(beam size and working distance). In this paper, we evaluate the convergence performance by pattern process. Also, we analysis the results and important factors for process. The important factors for process are beam size, pressure, stage speed and vacuum. These results will be utilized into systematizing pattern shape and the factors.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.194-203
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• 2008

Iterative learning control (ILC) is a simple and effective method for the control of systems that perform the same task repetitively. ILC algorithm uses the repetitiveness of the task to track the desired trajectory. In this paper, we propose a PID (proportional plus integral and derivative) type ILC update law for control discrete-time single input single-output (SISO) linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, performing repetitive tasks. In this approach, the input of controlled system in current cycle is modified by applying the PID strategy on the error achieved between the system output and the desired trajectory in a last previous iteration. The convergence of the presented scheme is analyzed and its convergence condition is obtained in terms of the PID coefficients. An optimal design method is proposed to determine the PID coefficients. It is also shown that under some given conditions, this optimal iterative learning controller can guarantee the monotonic convergence. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2010

Wu and Zhao [17] provided a semilocal convergence analysis for a Newton-type method on a Banach space setting following the ideas of Frontini and Sormani [9]-[11]. In this study first: we point out inconsistencies between the hypotheses of Theorem 1 and the two examples given in [17], and then, we provide the proof in affine invariant form for this result. Then, we also establish new convergence results with the following advantages over the ones in [17]: weaker hypotheses, and finer error estimates on the distances involved. A numerical example is also provided to show that our results apply in cases other fail [17].