• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.32-41
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• 2009

In the execution of construction management, such pre-design steps as a planning stage, a basic design stage, and a work design stage are regarded as more important than an actual construction stage. However, the manpower input criterion from the aspect of construction management price standard in the Construction Engineering Management Law does not attach weight to the pre-design stage. In this regard, the aim of this study was to examine the propriety of manpower input in the pre-design stage of construction management and then present an improvement strategy of it. For this, the investigator examined the criterion of service price prescribed in the Construction Engineering Management Law and then comparatively analyzed four sites of construction management services. Study findings are as follows: 1) the actual state of manpower input based on the stepwise average price criterion of construction management service is presented with such steps as the newly established planning step (6.6%), the basic design stage (3.9%$\rightarrow$5.6%), the practical design stage(7.6%$\rightarrow$13.5%), the construction stage (88.5%$\rightarrow$64.0%), and the newly established maintenance stage (10.3%). The average price criterion is classified by total construction expenses and calculated by improved rates and stage; and 2) the three-step criterion of the Construction Engineering Management Law is classified into five stages including the planning stage and the maintenance stage by dividing it with the stepwise construction businesses. Study findings show that the calculation of price criterion in the actual site of construction management services must be operated in a practical and flexible manner and the systematic improvement of stepwise manpower input must be carried out actually.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.575-586
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• 2018

Computational Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an intelligent 3D model-based process that provides architecture, engineering, and construction professionals the insight to plan, design, construct, and manage buildings and infrastructure more efficiently. This paper aims at using BIM in Hospitals configurations protection. Infrastructure projects are classified as huge structural projects taking advantage of many resources such as finance, materials, human labor, facilities and time. Immense expenses in infrastructure programs should be allocated to estimating the expected results of these arrangements in domestic economy. Hence, the significance of feasibility studies is inevitable in project construction, in this way the necessity in promoting the strategies and using global contemporary technologies in the process of construction maintenance cannot be neglected. This paper aims at using the building information modeling in covering Imam Khomeini Hospital's equipment. First, the relationship between hospital constructions maintenance and repairing, using the building information modeling, is demonstrated. Then, using library studies, the effective factors of constructions' repairing and maintenance were collected. Finally, the possibilities of adding these factors in Revit software, as one of the most applicable software within BIM is investigated and have been identified in some items, where either this software can enter or the software for supporting the repairing and maintenance phase lacks them. The results clearly indicated that the required graphical factors in construction information modeling can be identified and applied successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.258-261
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• 2003

Demolition is mort dangerous than construction and causes a lot of harmful environmental factors. But temporary fences used on demolition sites cannot play out their roles of blocking harmful environmental factors or securing stability and work space. They only block the view from the outside. This study begins with the possibility that the temporary fence can be installed prior to demolition. As a preceding step. we performed research on the actual conditions of using it. We then realized that it can be installed according to our research plan. First, we focused on actualizing the integration of temporary fences for demolition and construction. Here are the results of this study. First, we need to grasp the limiting factors of integration. Second, we ought to revise the Korean Architecture Standard Specification. Third, we should prepare against damage and transformation of fences. Finally, we can expect to reduce harmful environmental factors, cut down expenses, improve the working environment and raise the image of demolition by the integration of these fences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.57-60
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• 2008

According to the recent tendency that the buildings in the downtown concerning rising land prices and efficient use of building are gradually Manhattanized mainly the grand scaled residential buildings, structure of the buildings relates to safety and so the very thick mat concrete is selected as the foundation of architectures. Because mat concretes can not be simultaneously pour in a great quantity due to the circumstance at the field, not only the questions on the unification between the concretes pour on the upper layer and the lower layer are presented but also the cracks by the internal force from the difference of hydration exothermic period are occurred because of the time lag. Thus, this study checked the efficiency to apply "The hydration heat controlling method of mass concrete for horizontal partition pouring construction" to the skyscraper sites under construction at Haiundai in Busan. After applying this method, the result of observation that the cracks by hydration heat in all over the placement surface did never be founded. Also, in case of the economic analysis that the hydration heat reduction method using super retarding agent by difference of setting time is approximately 80% cheaper than the hydration heat reduction method by pipe cooling in the construction expenses.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.361-370
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• 2020

We developed a heavy-duty work class ROV trencher named URI-T (Underwater robot it's trencher) that can conduct burial and maintenance tasks for underwater cables and small diameter pipelines. It requires various supporting systems, including a dynamic positioning (DP) vessel, launch and recovery system (LARS), A-frame, and winch in order to perform burial tasks because of its dimensions (6.5 m × 5.0 m × 4.5 m, 20 t) and the tough working environment. However, operating a DP vessel has disadvantages as it is expensive to rent and operate and it is difficult to adjust the working schedule for some domestic coast construction cases. In this paper, we propose a method using a barge instead of a DP vessel to avoid the above disadvantages. Although burying the cable and pipeline using a barge has lower working efficiency than a DP vessel, it can save construction expenses and does not require a large crew. The proposed method was applied over two months at the construction of the water supply in Yokji-do, and the results were verified.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.473-481
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• 2017

With the barracks modernization project, the Ministry of National Defense has been operating 60 projects of the 75 that have been announced. It was difficult to investigate and analyze the data in the past because data could not be obtained while it was much easier to do that since data can be obtained from private companies. With the aim of increasing the usability of the facilities, the objective of this study is to present a reasonable alternative for repair and maintenance costs by investigating and analyzing the budget and the actual expenses of repair and maintenance of military facilities for the past 3 to 5 years, and then identifying the problems with these. To accomplish this, a theoretical review of previous studies and legal grounds related to repair and maintenance costs was performed, and data on the estimates and the actual expenses data used in BTL projects carried out by private companies were analyzed. First, one of the problems was that there are some items omitted, including consumables, and these items should be included in order to secure their budget. Second, in terms of the items for divided payments, two improvements had been presented: a short-term payment plan for the operation period of 3 to 5 years and a long-term payment plan for an additional and complemented period other than the operation period. The repair and maintenance costs should be further studied at the point of time in a future when the actual data on the costs and operation period of military facilities can be secured. This study is expected to serve as empirical data that will form the basis for a reasonable calculation of the construction cost for military facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.6_1
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• pp.539-547
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• 2012

Volume survey for earthwork is conducted periodically at every month at large scaled construction sites for request payment for the construction. Currently, the earthwork volume is calculated on the overlapped drawing for two cross sections which were created by new and previous surveying data observed by GPS and TS. However the survey is required lots of time and expenses as it is a pin-point surveying method thus surveyors intend to get data only for the heavy undulated topographic features chosen by himself to save time and expenses. Consequently, it causes poor results due to low dense measurement as well as it's not matched with the results by another surveyors. As a result, the conflicts related in earthwork volume calculation often arises among the owner, contractors and sub contractors. In this study, we developed a method to get surveying data for fast and accurate volume calculation using 3D Mobile Laser System and conducted an application test. Also we carried out experiments for topographic survey using MLS to judge for the application additionally. The results showed that we could reduce a time for cross section survey from 48 hours to 2 hours and collected high dense data which have 0.2m interval instead of 3m interval compare with existing method. Also we could make a map which has high accuracy within 10cm in horizontal through topographic survey using MLS.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.93-108
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• 2009

In order to achieve the growth of traditional Chinese medicine, the chinese government has annually released "China Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Medicine" to the world since "State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China" established in 1988. It is believed that the chinese government intends to secure the early dominance of the global medical market by systematic management of its own medicine infrastructures. Although the statistics of "China Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Medicine" weren't systematically organized at the beginning, it has becoming richer, more systematic, and more standardized in the data construction and system as time has passed. Furthermore, we can take a look at China's effort to take the initiative of oriental medicine by expanding investment in several core areas - medicine resources, operation of medical instruments, service, medicine education, medicine science research, and working expenses. This article will show how china has been trying to develop the chinese medicine, focusing on two parts. One is specific analysis of the book "China Statistical Yearbook of Chinese Medicine". It is divided into analysis of its construction system, the degree of data construction, and its statistical system. The other is analysis of annual changes in areas of medicine resources, operation of medical instruments, service, medicine education, medicine science research, and working expenses.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 2013

The Korean Government introduced a cultural heritage supervision system in January 2010 to control quality and to prevent poor construction. However, cultural heritage related constructions that require supervision, a scope of supervision, supervision cost and placement of supervisors have not been standardized yet. For this reason, standards of supervision for repair works of cultural heritage that reflect the characteristics of small-scale repair works and restoration of cultural heritage are required. Accordingly, this study has suggested standards of supervision works and cost by analyzing the average construction period that is suitable for the characteristics of cultural heritage repair works. In other words, this study has suggested standards of full-time supervision costs by applying the fixed amount-added method (adding direct labor cost, direct expenses, overhead expenses, engineering fee, charges for additional works and VAT) which is the same as the method of calculating supervision costs for public construction projects because a supervisor has to work full time at a construction site to perform supervision if the project is a mid/large-scale cultural heritage repair work. Also, this study has suggested standards of part-time supervision costs for a small-scale cultural heritage repair work and the ways of supervising the construction projects by visiting the project site on important occasions. According to the result of the analysis by applying the forgoing standards of supervision costs for cultural heritage, a full-time supervision cost for cultural heritage repair works is approximately 98% compared to the construction supervision of a public construction project, and a part-time supervision is approximately 158% compared to architectural construction supervision. It is expected that the valuable cultural heritage of Korea will be preserved by controlling quality of cultural heritage repair works through the application of this study result - the standards of supervision costs for cultural heritage repair works - to an actual project.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.327-335
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• 2018

In order to calculate the quality management cost of construction work, the process must conform to relevant laws and regulations. In details, the cost of the various items such as quality test fee and quality control activity cost are required to be calculated. Regarding the quality management costs, the labor cost is applied to the quality examination fee and the calculation unit quantity in the construction quality management duties. The application of the unit price of the labor cost stipulates that Construction Association of Korea and Korea Engineering & Consulting Association apply the unit price which is surveyed and published. However, in the related laws and regulations, the standard of the quality manager and quality tester is not clear. This accounts for the confusion in the cost of construction management and the cost of labor. In the current law, the allocation standard of quality control personnel is specified according to the size of the construction, but the standard of placement of quality testers is not specified. At the construction site, there is no assignment criteria manpower for quality testers except quality managers, or very little work is being done. The quality control personnel conducts the quality test work to be carried out by the quality tester, and this carrying out heavy work. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain quality control activities. In this study, the labor cost of quality management expenses and the allocation criteria of quality managers and quality testers are established and presented for the purpose of securing the quality of the construction work and preventing the construction work. It is stipulated that the standards of the relevant laws and regulations, which are not clear, should be classified into quality control personnel and quality testers according to the size of the construction. Based on the unit price of Korea Engineering & Consulting Association, the personnel expenses of quality managers and quality testers are proposed to apply the unit price of engineer (professional engineer, specialist, advanced, intermediate, beginner) and skilled technicians (advanced, intermediate, beginner).