• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.1034-1042
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• 2017

저온 적응성 효모 SCY297의 종균 방법에 따른 생존율과 약주 제조시 양조 특성을 조사하였다. 동결건조, 송풍건조 및 액체 제형 방법으로 제조한 다음, 실온에서 장기 저장에 따른 효모의 생존율과 양조 특성을 비교하였다. 또한, 부형제로 skim milk, ${\alpha}$-lactose, trehalose를 5%씩 첨가하여 생존율과 양조특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 부형제가 첨가된 동결건조 및 액체 제형 SCY297 효모는 실온에서 15주까지 약 80% 이상의 생존율을 나타내었고, 송풍건조는 skim milk 첨가한 경우만 약 80% 이상 생존율을 나타내었다. 저장기간 및 제형화된 효모 SCY297로 약주를 발효하여 그 술덧을 분석한 결과, 동결건조 및 송풍건조된 SCY297는 무처리 SCY297보다 적정산도는 0.61, 아미노산도는 14.23 증가하였고, 알코올 함량은 5.07% 감소하였다. 액체 SCY297는 무처리 SCY297보다 pH 1.86, 아미노산도는 5.1 증가하였고, 알코올 함량은 2.9%로 감소량이 낮았다. 따라서 본 연구 결과, 종래의 고상형 방법보다 액상형 방법을 통한 종균화 가능성을 제시하였다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2009

'풍한'은 조숙 다수 월동가능 조사료용 귀리 품종을 육성할 목적으로 1999년에 조숙인 '식용귀리'와 대립종인 'PA202-210'을 교배한 $F_1$잡종에 내한성 계통인 'Beltsville 61-150'을 부본으로 인공교배하여 집단 및 계통육종법에 의해 계통을 선발한 후 2004년부터 생산력검정시험 및 지역적응시험을 거쳐 2008년에 육성된 품종으로 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. '풍한'은 잎폭이 중 정도이며, 이삭형은 산수형이고, 종자색은 황백색이다. 2. '풍한'은 적응지역에서 출수기가 평균 5월 7일이며, 출수 후 20일에 평가한 생초수량이 ha당 평균 50.1 톤, 건물수량이 평균 14.5 톤으로서 기존 품종인 '삼한'보다 출수기가 2일 빠르고 조사료 수량도 높다. 3. '풍한'의 조사료 품질은 조단백질 함량이 6.7%, TDN이 60.3%로 표준품종인 '삼한귀리'와 대등하다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.273-284
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• 2002

In this paper, computer simulations of the physical Phenomena occurring in the arc region before and after current zero were carried out to evaluate the dielectric recovery characteristics of two types of double-flow nozzles. A commercial CFD Program "PHOENICS" is used for the simulation and the user-coded subroutines to consider the arcing phenomena were added to this program by the authors. The computed results were verified by the comparison with the test results presented by the research group of BBC. In order to investigate the state of the arc region after current zero, the simulation was carried out with four steps. They are cold gas flow analysis, steady state arc simulation, transient arc simulation before current zero, transient hot gas flow simulation after current zero. The semi-experimental arc radiation model is adapted to consider the radiation energy transport and Prandtl′s mixing length model is employed as the turbulence model. The electric field and the magnetic field were calculated with the same grid structure used for the simulation of the flow field. The streamer criterion was introduced to evaluate the dielectric recovery characteristics after current zero. Compared with the results obtained by assuming the current zero state in the former studies, it has been found that the results obtained by considering the state before current zerowere more accurate.

• 환경생물
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

To understand growth characteristics of eight dominant red tide species ($Prorocentrum$ $minimum$, $Heterocapsa$ $triquetra$, $Scrippsiella$ $trochoidea$, $Akashiwo$ $sanguinea$, $Chattonella$ $marina$, $Heterosigma$ $akashiwo$, $Amphidinium$ $carterae$ and $Rhodomonas$ $salina$) in the Korean coastal water, the growth rates were examined in relation with the impacts of water temperature and bio-volume. Of these, $P.$ $minimum$, $C.$ $marina$, $H.$ $akashiwo$, $A.$ $carterae$ and $R.$ $salina$ were eurythermal species with relatively high growth rates in a borad ranges (15 to $25^{\circ}C$) of water temperature. On the other hand, the growth rate of $H.$ $triquetra$, $S.$ $trochoidea$ and $A.$ $sanguinea$ were high in relatively mid temperature (optimum: $25^{\circ}C$) condition. In particular, $H.$ $triquetra$ was well adapted in low temperature of 5 to $15^{\circ}C$, implying that the species can survive and grows even at very low temperature. Based on results of our experiment, the growth characterestics of five eurythermal species and three mid temperature species may have dominated in Korean coastal water during summer season and fall season, respectively. Contrastively, the growth characteristics of $H.$ $triquetra$ make a consistently dominant during the cold winter season. In addition, the growth rates of large bio-volume species were lower than those of small bio-volume species, indicates that growth of single cells of several flagellates might be depended on the cells sizes.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호통권39호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 냉간성형 profiled steel sheeting과 보통강도의 콘크리트로 이루어진 합성보의 휨거동에 관한 연구를 통하여 새로운 형식의 보부재의 사용가능성을 검토하였다. 합성보의 비선형거동을 추적하기 위하여 profiled steel sheeting, 철근 및 콘크리트의 재료비선형을 포함할 수 있는 해석적 방법을 개발하였으며, 합성보의 비선형 모멘트-곡률 관계를 나타낼 수 있는 Power Model식을 제시하였다. Power Model은 원래 보-기둥 접합부의 모멘트-회전각과의 관계를 예측하기 위해 제안된 것이나 합성보에 맞게 수정하였다. 합성보의 하중-처짐 거동은 Power Model에 의한 모멘트-곡률 관계를 이용하여 변위조절법인 단계별 수치적분법을 적용하여 계산하였으며, 실험결과와 비교하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2007

We investigated the temperature effects on the virulence, development, reproduction, and otility of two Korean isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema glaseri Dongrae strain and S. longicaudum Nonsan strain. In addition, we studied the growth and virulence of their respective symbiotic bacterium, Xenorhabdus poinarii for S. glaseri and Xenorhabdus sp. for S. longicaudum, in an insect host at different temperatures. Insects infected with the nematode-bacterium complex or the symbiotic bacterium was placed at $13^{\circ}C,\;18^{\circ}C,\;24^{\circ}C,\;30^{\circ}C,\;or\;35^{\circ}C$ in the dark and the various parameters were monitored. Both nematode species caused mortality at all temperatures tested, with higher mortalities occurring at temperatures between $24^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$. However, S. longicaudum was better adapted to cold temperatures and caused higher mortality at $18^{\circ}C$ than S. glaseri. Both nematode species developed to adult at all temperatures, but no progeny production occurred at $13^{\circ}C\;or\;35^{\circ}C$. For S. glaseri, nematode progeny production was best at inocula levels above 20 infective juveniles/host at $24^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$, but for S. longicaudum, progeny production was generally better at $24^{\circ}C$. Steinernema glaseri showed the greatest motility at $30^{\circ}C$, whereas S. longicaudum showed good motility at $24^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$. Both bacterial species grew at all tested temperatures, but Xenorhabdus sp. was more virulent at low temperatures $(13^{\circ}C\;and\;18^{\circ}C)$ than X. poinarii.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.284-292
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• 2018

A novel ${\beta}$-agarase, AgaJ5, was identified from an agar-degrading marine bacterium, Gayadomonas joobiniege G7. It belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 86 and is composed of 805 amino acids with a 30-amino-acid signal peptide. Zymogram analysis showed that purified AgaJ5 has agarase activity. The optimum temperature and pH for AgaJ5 activity were determined to be $30^{\circ}C$ and 4.5, respectively. AgaJ5 was an acidic ${\beta}$-agarase that had strong activity at a narrow pH range of 4.5-5.5, and was a cold-adapted enzyme, retaining 40% of enzymatic activity at $10^{\circ}C$. AgaJ5 required monovalent ions such as $Na^+$ and $K^+$ for its maximum activity, but its activity was severely inhibited by several metal ions. The $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ of AgaJ5 for agarose were 8.9 mg/ml and 188.6 U/mg, respectively. Notably, thin-layer chromatography, mass spectrometry, and agarose-liquefication analyses revealed that AgaJ5 was an endo-type ${\beta}$-agarase producing neoagarohexaose as the final main product of agarose hydrolysis. Therefore, these results suggest that AgaJ5 from G. joobiniege G7 is a novel endo-type neoagarohexaose-producing ${\beta}$-agarase having specific biochemical features that may be useful for industrial applications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.988-998
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• 2015

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae is a well-known expression host used to express homologous and heterologous proteins in a number of industrial applications. To facilitate higher yields of proteins of interest, we constructed the pAsOP vector to express heterologous proteins in A. oryzae. pAsOP carries a selectable marker, pyrG, derived from Aspergillus nidulans, and a strong promoter and a terminator of the amyB gene derived from A. oryzae. pAsOP transformed A. oryzae efficiently via the PEG-CaCl₂-mediated transformation method. As proof of concept, green fluorescent protein (GFP) was successfully expressed in A. oryzae transformed by pAsOP-GFP. Additionally, we identified a novel fungal α-amylase (PcAmy) gene from Penicillium sp. and cloned the gene into the vector. After transformation by pAsOPPcAmy, the α-amylase PcAmy from Penicillium sp. was successfully expressed in a heterologous host system for the first time. The α-amylase activity in the A. oryzae transformant was increased by 62.3% compared with the untransformed A. oryzae control. The PcAmy protein produced in the system had an optimum pH of 5.0 and optimum temperature of 30^oC. As a cold-adapted enzyme, PcAmy shows potential value in industrial applications because of its high catalytic activity at low temperature. Furthermore, the expression vector reported in this study provides promising utility for further scientific research and biotechnological applications.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.573-586
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• 2011

MTF(modulation transfer function)는 광학 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 사용되는 중요한 파라미터 중 하나이다. 또한 열악한 우주 환경(방사능, 극한 열조건 및 전자기장 등), 대기 영향 및 시스템 성능의 저하 등으로 저하된 영상품질을 복원시켜주기 위한 파라미터로 사용될 수도 있다. 본 논문에서는 소형 지구관측위성인 DubaiSat-1이 발사된 후, 위성영상의 품질을 평가하기 위하여 MTF를 측정하였다. 일반적으로 MTF는 point source 혹은 knife-edge 방법 등과 같은 다양한 방법을 이용하여 측정되어왔다. 그러나 본 논문에서는 ISO에서 line source에 의한 MTF 측정을 표준화한 slanted-edge 방법을 이용하여 MTF를 측정하였다. Slanted-edge 방법은 전자 스틸 카메라(electronic still-picture camera)의 MTF를 측정하기 위한 ISO 12233 표준으로써, 라인스캐닝 망원경(line-scanning telescope)의 MTF를 추정하기 위하여 사용된 방법이다. 또한 PSF(point spread function) 기반으로 제작된 MTF 회선 커널(MTF convolution kernel)에 의한 MTF 보상(MTF compensation)과 영상의 노이즈 제거(image denoising)를 수행하여 영상의 품질 저하(degradation)를 완화시켰다.

• 복식
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• 제6권
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• pp.145-160
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• 1982

Wearing a clothes in human living is very rightful and reasonable things. And it's also the necessaries of living. So now, I want look around about origin of clothes from the prehistorical age, how they start and why they need to wear a clothes. As human culture is unknown origin, human clothes origin is also unknown origin, too. So many different people made unlike story about that, and it is very difficult to say correct birth of clothes. It must be reflection by a time, by a place, by a mankind, until this days, the history of human progress is $2,000,000{\sim}3,000,000$ years. And from after the "Old Adam" man understand what is shame and disgrace, so that made them cover of their private parts, also it is a motive of human clothes. Since after pass a long time, the earth has many changes as it were weather, and for take care of human body from cold, people start make clothes and it's a second object of wearing a clothes. And third object of wearing clothes is after opportunity of development human culture, people desire for an aesthetic sence and for full-fill that feeling they start make a beautiful clothes with accessories and it is motive and a purpose of a human start wear a clothes. So I can say, for origin birth of clothes is 1. Protect of human body. 1) be adapted for different weather and different circumstance. 2) take care self from outside injurg. 2. Decorate for aesthetic sence. 1) Theory of Amulets. 2) Theory of symbolism. 3) Theory of Sex attraction. 4) Aesthetic Theory. 5) Theory of chastity. 6) Multi-theory And material for clothes they made from natural wilds like leaves, fur, skin of wood. skin of fishes and feather etc. But after develop of human knowledge people invent fiber, and use a knitted goods and woven stuff also first of all. They start use those kind that they just cover of their private parts as a belt and astring with leaves and a beast skins. But until this days it's taken big development with human knowledge and most important influence of develop was weather. So modern clothes for present days, must care with. physicology, preservation of health, living activity, dressing, morals, and etiquette etc.