• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.131-150
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• 2010

This research was planned to analyze the students' science writing tendencies according to the level of meta-cognition for using as materials of selection of gifted students. To get results, meta-cognition writing tests which measured critical thinking ability and problem solving ability were developed, and the students' the level of meta-cognition was measured. Thereafter We analyzed the students' science writing tendencies in accordance with the level of meta-cognition through the science writing with meta-cognition task(the main theme are expectation; explanation; claim; criticism; imagination), and found out the students' ability of science writing was different with the level of meta-cognition. Students with the low level meta-cognition did not represent their thinking well, but students with the high level meta-cognition were try to upgrade their writing through highly concentration and perceiving theirs writing mistakes. As this results, science writing is useful as materials of selection of gifted students.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.279-291
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• 2015

Fair trade is international trade that pays just wages, supplies stable and eco-friendly products, and supports the sustainable development of economies. This study examined consumers 'cognition of fair trade, product intention of fair trade products, and consumer demand for fair trade education. We compare these variables between Korean and Chinese consumers and explored variables that affect consumers' cognition, purchase intentions and consumer education demand. This study randomly targeted 428 adult consumers in Seoul (219) and Beijing (209) to grasp the demand of customer education and a purchasing intention for fair trade products. The results of this study are as follows. First, participants showed a low cognition of fair trade and purchase intention, while consumer demand for fair trade education on concept, campaign and effect had a comparatively higher level. Chinese consumers showed a higher level of purchase intention, but a lower level of consumer education demand for fair trade concepts. Second, a higher education level resulted in a higher cognition of fair trade by Korean consumers and more experienced Chinese consumers had a higher cognition. Third, the cognition of fair trade affected the purchase intentions positively for both in Korean and Chinese consumers. Finally, cognition and purchase intention showed positive effects of the consumer demand for fair trade education on concept, campaign, and effect.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the cognition level and the performance level of universal precautions on blood-borne infections and to analyze related-factors on the performance level for universal precautions among the nurses. Method: A total of 166 nurses participated in the survey. We performed multiple linear regression to assess the related-factors on the performance level for universal precautions. Result: The mean scores of cognition and performance level for universal precautions were 65.61(${\pm}8.74$) and 53.98(${\pm}8.42$) respectively. The mean score of the cognition level was significantly lower than the performance level in all items. The cognition level was associated with the working field. The performance level was highest for nurses working over 36 years, nurses in university hospitals, and nurses in the operating room. The cognitive level for universal precautions, education level, exposure to blood-borne infection, family's income, and marital status significantly predicted the performance level for universal precautions in the multiple linear regression model (Adjusted $R^2=0.42$). Conclusion: The cognition level for universal precautions is the strongest predictor on the performance level for universal precautions. An integrated approach should incorporate training experiences to improve cognition and perception of risk on universal precautions for preventing blood-borne infections.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

Background: Human body is formed of symmetric bilateral structures that are comprised of eye, upper arm, lower arm and etc. but, we are used only dominant components. The purpose of this study was to analysis length cognition ability in dominant eye & hand. Method: Total 180 persons (male 32, female 138) were participated in this study. They were tested with 'hole in the card' test for identification of dominant eye's side and the question for identification of dominant hand's side, then the length cognition ability was measured in right & left axillary level by describing 10cm line. Results: The results by independent t-test were as follows. In difference of length cognition ability in right axillary level between right dominant eyed group & left dominant eyed group, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In left axillary level, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In axillary level of dominant eye's side, non-crossed group was superior to crossed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In axillary level of non-dominant eye's side, non-crossed group was superior to crossed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). Conclusion: These result can be applied to the learning of palpation & observation skill in physical therapy.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.613-624
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• 2010

This study investigated unmarried college students' knowledge of sex and cognition of prenatal education. It also aimed to provide insights into how college students' awareness of prenatal education may be raised and to make future married couples practice prenatal education. This study used a descriptive correlational research design. Participants were 346 college students in North and South Jeolla Province. Descriptive statistics with the SPSS WIN 12.0 program were used to analyze the collected data. Important findings were as follows: The mean knowledge of sex was .55, which was near moderate level. The mean cognition of prenatal education was 4.08, which was near high level. Knowledge of sex was influenced significantly by sex and major, whereas cognition of prenatal education was influenced significantly by sex. Thus, it was found that when considering how to raise the cognition of prenatal education and sexual knowledge of sex, both gender and major are important factors to consider.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.37-50
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop the quality of the textbook and to find out reasonable selection and structure by examining and analyzing the cognition of teacher and students on the structure and contents of elementary science textbook in the 7th curriculum. The findings of this study were as follows: First, as a result of the students’ cognition, their interest level of the learning contents was high and the degree of the difficulty of the learning contents was low on the whole. Second, as a result of the teachers’ cognition of contents of the textbook, teachers who taught third graders understood that the third graders have relatively much contents to be studied and the level of the contents of the textbook was high. On the other hand, fourth graders’ teachers recognized that contents to be studied and the level of the contents were appropriate. And they understood that there were much work to be studied in the units which were difficult and there were difference between contents to be studied and the degree of the difficulty in some units such as life or the earth fold. Third, as a result of the teachers' cognition of structure of the textbook. teachers were very affirmative to reduce school hours. They understood that current numbers and scale of the unit were appropriate. Teachers were satisfied with the structure of elementary science textbook in the 7th curriculum on the whole.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2009

Purpose: This study investigates the level of expectancy, cognition, and work condition among smokers with respect to the smoking cessation clinics. Methods: The study participants included over 503 smokers aged 30 yr and in five districts of G city. The researcher and assistants personally visited homes and workplaces of the participants between November 20 and November 30, 2008 for the survey. Results: The subjects learned to smoke from their friends and started smoking when they were 15 out of curiosity. They smoked more than one cigarette every day. With respect to cognition, 67.5% of the subjects had no intention to utilize smoking cessation clinics, and 71.7% were unaware of their benefits. Those with a high level of cognition regarding smoking cessation clinics were generally in their 60s, married, residents in the Southern and Western Districts, service or technical workers, and hikers. The expectancy for the clinic was high among those who were married, Catholics, and golfers. Conclusions: The results suggest that smoking cessation may be achieved by increasing the level of cognition and expectancy among smokers. In this regard, providing information and implementing positive publicity campaigns targeting families, Places of worship, and workplaces may be beneficial.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.180-192
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to survey basic data for management of elderly day care centers. In this study, occupation, leisure life, and food, clothing and habituation, as well as social relationship, health state and behavior, and general characteristics of subjects were examined to identify the factors affecting their cognition, need and preference of the day care centers. The subjects of this study were 392 elderly, aged 60 years or over, living in Gangnung and neighboring districts. Data were collected by educated interviewers from November 4 through November 22, 2002. The subjects were interviewed face to face, one for one after the interviewee's agreements on the survey. The collected data were analysed with logistic regression analysis by SAS (statistical analysis system). Logistic regression analysis was done to identify affecting factors for cognition, need and preference of the elderly day care centers. The major findings are as follows: 1. The factors affecting cognition for the day care centers were analysed. The subjects with an occupation and a lower satisfaction level of living environment and friendship, who were economically secure enough to manage a sudden accident, showed a higher level of cognition of the day care centers. The subjects with a higher level of mental health state and a lower level of IADL also showed a higher level of cognition. On the general characteristics younger female subjects showed a higher level of cognition. 2. The subjects with a lower level of perceived economic condition who did not own their housing and were not economically safe enough to manage a sudden accident, had showed a higher level of need for the day care centers. It showed that the subjects with a high level of mental health state, a bad eye sight and dental condition, a good perceived health condition, and a lower level of IADL, needed the centers. 3. The subjects who had an occupation, however, not capable of making their own daily expenses, and a low occupation satisfaction level, and who did not own their housing, and were economically poor not enough to manage a sudden accident, showed a higher preference for the day care centers. The subjects with higher levels of friendship satisfaction and perceived health condition, not living with their spouse, and a higher education level, showed a higher preference for the centers. In conclusion, the common factors affecting their cognition, need and preference of the day care centers were occupation, economic security enough to manage accidents, and friendship satisfaction level. Especially, the subjects who had an occupation, however, not economically secure enough to manage accidents, and who did not live in their own housing with a good perceived health condition, showed high levels of need and preference for the day care centers. These results can be used as basic data to develop the efficient elderly day care centers, thus contribute to the elderly welfare in a local community.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 1996

This study has been peformed on the consumption tendency, and knowledge and cognition of credit cards among college students. A total of 327 subjects from the college students was surveyed in Pusan area. The major findings of this study were summerized as follows; First, the rate of credit card possession of the students was 19.6%. The card possession showed significantly different in age, personal expense, income. Second, the level of knowledge of the credit card was low(23.1 points). Also, the level of knowledge was significantly different in sex, age, major, personal expense, income and credit card ownership. Third, the cognition of credit cards was medium(51.3 points). The cognition of the credit cards was significantly different only in the card possession. Fourth, the behavior of credit card was not significantly different in the group. Fifth, there were significant relationships between the knowlege and cognition. This result implied that the group with higer levels of knowlege tended to show more favor of credit cards. For the rational consumption of the college students, the students need to be educated about advantage and disadvantages of the credit cards.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.323-331
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• 2012

Purpose: Level of meta-cognition of students has been regarded as one of the crucial factors on web-based learning. This study aimed to describe interaction type in small group discussion of the nursing graduate students and to investigate learning consequences and interaction types in group discussion on meta-cognition level. Method: Twenty six graduate nursing students attending the class on-line at the K university in Seoul were included in the study. We measured their meta-cognition level and learning attitude. We also scored their individual and group reports as well as analyzed interaction type by reviewing the dialogue of the group discussion. Results: The participants showed low frequency of exploratory interaction and high frequency of integrative interaction in the cognitive interaction category. They showed frequent modification interaction in the meta-cognitive interaction category. Interestingly, the students with lower level of meta-cognition achieved significantly greater scores in the individual assignments. High functioning group consisting of the students with high meta-cognitive level produced greater group report. Conclusion: A new strategy is needed to encourage in-depth interaction in a group discussion of nursing students. Meta-cognitive level of the students should be considered to form a small group for discussion in order to improve group activities.