• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.153-161
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• 1985

Energy flow through the trophic levels was studied at a salt marsh ecosystem distinguished into low and high marsh. Gross primary productions of Suaedeto-Salicornietum and Artemisieto-Limonietum at low marsh were 8, 299 and 13, 154kca/$m^2$/yr, and those of Calama-grostetum and Sonchuso-Setaetum at high marsh were 17, 899 and 15, 177kca/$m^2$/yr, respectively. Efficiencies of solar energy utilization of plants were 1.7 and 2.6% at the former, and were 3.6 and 3.2% at the latter. Of gross productions, net primary productions were 3, 977 and 5, 280kca/m2/yr at low marsh and were 6, 354 and 5, 329kca/$m^2$/yr at high marsh, and the remainder, 52~67%, was consumed by respiration of plants. A small amount (0.03~0.04%) of the net primary production was flowed through grazing food chain and most amout was transferred into dead parts. Of dead parts, 40% was accuulated as litter and the rest was decomposed into detritus. In the detritus food chain, a little energy was utilized by detritus feeder, and a major by microorganism. The amounts of energy flowed through grazing and detritus feeders at high marsh were much more than those at low marsh, but tertary production as spider was Vice versa.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.81-84
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• 2008

This paper discussed the validity of wind force power generation in consideration of the topographical characteristics of Korea. In order to estimate the exact generation of wind power plants, we analyzed and compared wind resources in mountain areas and plain areas by introducing not only wind velocity, the most important variable, but also wind distribution and wind standard deviation that can reflect the influence of landform sufficiently. According to the results of this study, generation was higher at wind power plants installed in southwestern coastal areas where wind velocity was low than at those installed in mountain areas in Gangwondo where wind velocity was high. This suggests that the shape parameter of wind distribution is low due to the characteristics of mountain areas. and the standard deviation of wind velocity is large due to the effect of mountain winds, and therefore, actual generation is low in mountain areas although wind velocity is high.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1983

Vegetation types and their standing crop in the sand dune on the south coast of Korea was investigated by the method of Curtis, J.T. and McIntosh, R.P. (1951). The relationship between vegetation types and environmental factors was also analyzed. The dominant species in the vegetations of the south coast sand dune were Carex pumila, Calystegia soldamella, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Vitex rotundifolia, Ixeris repens, Carex kobomugi, Zoysia macrostachya. The species density in the sand dune vegetation increased with the distance from the coast, psammophyte and rhizome psammophyte decreased with the distance from the coast but other plants increased. The standing crop of the sand dune vegetatiion was average $53.79g/m^2$. An individual standing crop of Vitex routundifolia and Carex kobomugi varied with the curve of secondary degree. The salt content of the sand dune soil from 2.95 to 11.78 mg %, and it was not significant differences among stands, but it was varied with the distance form the coast. Negative relationship between warmth index and aboveground standing crop was found and the formula y=283.8886 - 2.4910X could be estimated.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.83-98
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• 2018

This study was conducted on rare plants distributed in Chungnam area from April, 2012 to November, 2017. The rare plant populations that are emerging are: Utricularia pilosa, Jeffersonia dubia, Iris ruthenica, Tipularia japonica, Calanthe discolor, Parasenecio pseudotaimingasa, Ranunculus kazusensis, Berchemia racemosa, Pogonia minor and Glehnia littoralis. According to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), plant resources in the rare species category were one important type (CR), three hazardous species (EN) and six vulnerable species (VU). As a result of analyzing characteristics of ecological environment and threats, five types of habitat types, two aquatic areas, two types of flatland and coastal sand dune distribution types were analyzed. The decreasing tendency of the rare plant populations in the surveyed area is judged to be artificial disturbance and habitat destruction rather than climate or environmental change. Considering the characteristics of habitat, conservation measures should be prepared for each population.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.74-84
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• 1983

The dominant species of the sand vegetation in the western coast of Korea were Carex pumila, Ischaemum antheporoides, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi and Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii. The salt content of the sand dune soil and of the atmosphere of surveyed areas ranged from 3.93 to 13.86 mg% and from 25.81 to 168.86mg% respectively. Between the salt content of the atmosphere and that of the soil positive relationship was found. Species density and Simpson's index increased with the distance from the coast, the former was exponential, however, the latter was linear. The composition of biological types in the investigated stands were H-D4-R1-3-e or H-D4-R1-3-t. Relative numbers of psammophytes and rhizome psammophytes decreased with the distance from the coast, but those of other plants increased. The standing crop of the sand dune vegetation ranged from 0.04 to 491.64g/m2 and the average 27.77g/m2. This was varied as the stands and showed a linear increment as the distance from the coast was increased. The salt content of atmosphere significantly affected the density, T/R ratio in the standing crop and Simpson's index. The salt content of soil showed similar tendency on the density and the T/R ratio.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.334-343
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• 2019

The Al-Zour coastal area, located in southern Kuwait, is a region of concentrated industrial water use, seawater intake, and the outfall of existing power plants. The Al-Zour LNG import facility project is ongoing and there are two issues regarding the seawater temperature in this area that must be considered: variations in water temperature under local meteorology and an increase in water temperature due to the expansion of the thermal discharge of expanded power plant. MIKE 3 model was applied to simulate the water temperature from June to July, based on re-analysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the thermal discharge input from adjacent power plants. The annual water temperatures of two candidate locations of the seawater intake for the Al-Zour LNG re-gasification facility were measured in 2017 and compared to the numerical results. It was determined that the daily seawater temperature is mainly affected by thermal plume dispersion oscillating with the phase of the tidal currents. The regional meteorological conditions such as air temperature and tidal currents, also contributed a great deal to the prediction of seawater temperature.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권3호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2013

이 연구는 자생식물과 귀화식물이 분포하고 있는 중부 서해안에서의 토양특성과 식물 군락을 조사하여 해안지역에 출현하는 귀화식물을 체계적으로 관리하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 수행하였다. 연구 대상지는 충청남도 서천군, 보령시, 안면도, 태안군과 전라북도 부안군 일대의 해안사구 중 식물군락 발달이 양호한 8개 지역을 선정하였다. 2010년 4월부터 10월까지 $5m{\times}5m$ 크기의 조사구 총 69개소에서 토양 및 식생특성을 분석하였다. 조사지역 토성은 대부분 사토였으며, 자생식물 중 초본군락이 분포한 지역의 평균 토양산도는 pH 7.77, 목본군락은 pH 7.31로써 약알카리성과 중성으로 나타났으며, 염분농도는 초본군락이 평균 0.03%, 목본군락이 0.01%였다. 전기전도도는 초본군락이 $0.52ds.m^{-1}$, 목본군락이 $0.23ds.m^{-1}$로 나타났다. 귀화식물 중 초본군락이 분포한 지역의 평균 토양산도는 pH 7.12, 목본군락은 pH 7.34로써 중성에 가깝게 나타났다. 염분농도는 초본군락 0.01%, 목본군락 0.01%로 동일했으나 자생식물과는 차이가 있었다. 전기전도도는 초본군락 $0.29ds.m^{-1}$, 목본군락 $0.20ds.m^{-1}$로 나타났다. 해안사구 지역에서 군락을 이루고 분포하는 식물은 초본식물 20종, 목본식물 8종으로 총 17과 28종이었다. 귀화 식물은 7종, 자생식물은 21종이었다. 귀화식물은 평균적으로 자생식물보다 염분농도가 낮은 곳에서 출현하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1373-1377
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• 2010

해안사구식물은 다양한 미생물과 외생균근과 내생균근의 도움으로 효과적으로 생존할 수 있다. Penicillium citrinum KACC43900를 이용하여, 해안사구식물인 갯메꽃과 갯쇠보리에 대해 생장 촉진효과를 조사하였으며, 지상부길이, 식물체길이 그리고 식물체건량을 분석하였다. P. citrinum KACC43900 배양액을 20일간 처리 시, 지상부길이는 16.30 cm와 10.56 cm이었으며, 대조구는 8.60 cm과 8.12 cm인 것을 확인 하였다. 마찬가지로 P. citrinum KACC43900 배양액을 20일간 처리 시, 갯메꽃과 갯쇠보리의 식물체길이는 24.06 cm와 17.06 cm인 것을 확인 하였고, 대조구는 14.90 cm과 14.80 cm인 것을 확인 하였다. 갯메꽃의 식물체건량은 배양여과액 처리의 경우, 0.163g이었고 대조구가 0.123 g이었다. 그리고 갯쇠보리의 식물체건량은 배양여과액 처리의 경우, 0.032 g이었으며 대조구가 0.027 g이었다. 갯메꽃과 갯쇠보리의 지상부길이는 P. citrinum KACC43900의 배양여과액에 의해 89.54%와 29.60% 촉진되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2009

Seashore Paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) is a warm season grass and indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of coastal areas worldwide. The species is used as feed for cattle and horses and has been very successful for golf courses worldwide. One of the most outstanding characteristics of seashore paspalum is its tolerance to saline soils compared to other warm season turfgrasses. The development of new seashore paspalum cultivars with improved traits could be facilitated through the application of biotechnological strategies. The purpose of this study was to product for herbicide resistant seashore paspalum using Arobacterium-mediated transformation and this study is the first report on transformation and herbicideresistant transgenic plants in seashore paspalum. Embryogenic calli were induced from the seeded variety of pseashore paspalum. Embryogenic calli were transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 carrying the binary vector pCAMBIA3301 with two genes encoding gusA and bar. Transformed calli and plants were selected on medium containing 3 mg/l PPT. PCR detected the presence of the gusA and bar gene, indicating both genes are integrated into the genome of seashore paspalum. A chlorophenol red assay was used to confirm that the bar gene was expressed. By application of herbicide BASTA, the herbicide resistance in the transgenic seashore paspalum plants was confirmed.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.356-360
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• 2016

Recently, the lifetime extension of nuclear power plants has been considered. Thus, it is necessary to consider facility safety management and economic management. However, when the bolts in nuclear power plants are replaced and the turbines of nuclear power plant are disassembled, numerous problems are found in relation to stuck bolts in clamping parts. In order to solve these problems, a hybrid vacuum chamber was first designed and manufactured. It can perform arc ion plating and sputtering, which were used to deposit Ti/TiN on an A913 B7 bolt. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted to determine the composition and characteristics of the bolt, and tests were conducted to determine how long the bolt could endure under various conditions in a nuclear power plant. The SEM and XRD results clearly showed a continual and even coating layer. When this TiN-coated bolt is used in a nuclear power plant, the lifetime can be extended compared to a conventional bolt, but it is necessary to determine what additional properties are required.