• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-142
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• 2004

The major purpose of this study is to investigate the actual condition of elementary school, nursery school, social welfare facilities providing after-school child care programs and to suggest new after-school program which is focused on social and emotional development for children of dual-earner couples. The cases of current after-school programs in Seoul and Gyeonggi area were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, it was showed Hat elementary school' child care programs after school were designed for speciality-aptitude education during 3-4 hours. Second, nursery school's programs were showed to instruct children in homework and make up learning and were operating until late evening. But the nursery school fee is more expensive than the other facilities. Third, social welfare facilities have a variety of program than elementary school and nursery school. But the program still consist of homework, supplementary lessons, speciality education etc. These facilities have too much students, compared to the teachers

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2010

The purpose of this research was to explore Korean-Chinese women's experiences of family separation. A qualitative approach was used to analyze the in-depth interviews with 14 Korean-Chinese women who lived away from their families in China. Korean-Chinese women showed the child-centered family values. The main reason of family separation was to provide children of better educational opportunities. Korean-Chinese women, their husbands, and their extended family members worked as a team to support children. Their cohesive family relationships reflected the unique sociocultural context of Korean-Chinese society. Family separation seems to be normalized for the purpose of child education. The research would contribute to understand how family values affect family life style.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.39-50
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• 2011

This study surveys the state of 'children's snacks' sold within the Green Food Zone and that of High Calorie Foods with Low Nutrition Value (HCFLNV). The main purposes are the analyses of foods in accordance to KFDA Program for HCFLNV and an analysis of differences in HCFLNV that are dependent on relevant factors such as food types, school types, origins, the scale of manufacturing company, area and price. Based on the analyses, educational and political implications have been sought that will form nutritious dietary habits, contribute to the prevention of obesity, and improve health in child consumers. The methodologies of this study are literature studies and surveys. The results of this study can be summarized as following. First, the number of children's snacks is 517 items of total 645 gathered within 150 Green Food Zones. Candies are the most popular item, next are cookies, chocolates, and breads. Second, in the real state survey there are 186 HCFLNV (36.0%) among children's snacks sold within Green Food Zone. Based on the survey results, the marking of HCFLNV on the package of children's snacks and the extension of the ban of HCFLNV sales to all stores within the Green Food Zone are strongly suggested. This provides preliminary data related to children's snacks and food safety. With enforcement of the Special Act on the Safety Management of Children's Dietary Life, the rate of HCFLNV has decreased and the child snack product environment in stores has improved. However, it is necessary to supervise low-priced snacks and promote an awareness of HCFLNV along with the child consumer education of food safety is needed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.933-943
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of changes in child care technology on mother-child contact by using all sorts of literature such as diaries, documents or statistical data. Child care technologies began to change during the 1960's. Diverse goods and services such as baby dry milk, paper diapers and child care centers have made child care easier and saved a great deal of time. This has also allowed women to participate in labor markets easily despite rearing children. But maternal contact with children have declined due to new goods and services and this trend is especially prevalent in early childhood. It could be supported that the convenience of rearing rather than the needs of children like as attachment to maternity primarily was considered in technological change. From this results it was suggested that we should develop the alternative child care technologies which better reflect children's needs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.23-37
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• 2011

This research tried to identify how different types of environments related with work-family reconciliation effects the amount of resource exchange between working mothers and their child. In this study, we applied theoretical concepts such as 'Defamiliarization'(rights of mothers to access the work force without any environmental obstacles) and 'Familiarization'(a movement trying to balance work with family and child). This study is an analysis of valid questionnaires filled out by 220 female respondent's who was holding a job and also had children attending elementary, middle, or high school at the time answering the survey questionnaire. Results of this survey are as follows. Mother's attitudes toward familiarization and child's school environments related with defamiliarization had critical effects on mother's perceived resource exchange. And in a further analysis, among the clustered groups of mothers the group which consists of mothers who try to work hardly on both work and family had the highest degree of the resource supplies to their child.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.25-36
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• 2002

The objectives of this study are to investigate whether consumer education affects the consumer competency and to find out which factors including consumer education affect the consumer competency of elementary school children. The subjects of this study were 43 children at fifth grade to Participate in consumer education(experimental group) and 37 children not to Participate(control group). Consumer education Program was executed for total 20 hours in a semester. Surveys were also conducted twice times to get data for consumer competency and the related factors. The findings are as follows : 1) Consumer education has a positive effect on consumer-role attitude and consumer skill according to the result of ANCOVA. 2) The variables affecting the consumer-role attitude are consumer education and consumer skill of mother in that order according to the result of multiple regression. The variables affecting the consumer skill are consumer skill of mother. consumer education. record of a cashbook and gender in that order. The only variable affecting the consumer knowledge is consumer education.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

The main purpose of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects of inhibition, day-care experiences and mothers' controlling child-rearing behavior on young children's social withdrawal in peer situations. A total of 62 young children(34 boys; 28girls) enrolled in day-care center and their mothers participated in this study. Data on child inhibition and parenting were gathered via questionnaires whereas the quality of day-care and social withdrawal were observed in the day-care center. As results, the quality of day-care and mothers' controlling child-rearing behavior were negatively related to social withdrawal. Further, both day-care entry age and the quality of day-care were served as an intervening variables between child inhibition and social withdrawal.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.267-282
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• 2013

This study analyzed the effect of consumer value and unethicality on the type of consumer complaint behaviors. Despite the obvious importance of the research on consumer complaint behaviors focused on consumer's inherent personality, there is relatively little work done. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of consumer complaint behaviors in order to improve consumers' well-being and develop the market condition. The 1,050 respondents are finally analyzed using the descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multinominal logit model. Consumer value and unethicality are significant effect on the type of consumer complaint behaviors such as no action, private action only, public action only, and both private and action. The orientation of achievement and pleasure among consumers' value is associated with the higher level of complaint behaviors compared with no action. In terms of consumers' unethicality, no harm unethicality is associated with the types of each consumer complaint behavior except no action. On the other hand, both proactive and passive unethicality increase the possibility of no action. The policy implications of the consumer education are suggested as well as the directions of customer management strategies in the business sector.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.513-526
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• 2013

In an effort to protect consumers' rights to information and to promote their freedom of choice, the South Korean government has been enforcing a policy called the cosmetics full ingredients list system since 2008, which requires cosmetics manufacturers to list all of the ingredients used in their products. This policy aims to assist consumers in identifying the causes of possible side effects of cosmetic products. This study uses consumers' demographic information addition to their cosmetics purchase and usage characteristics to learn about consumers' attitudes and utilization intentions and the influence of information from the cosmetics full ingredients list. This study was conducted through a questionnaire based survey administered to women above the age of 20 years across South Korea who use cosmetic products. The questionnaire was distributed to 300 members on the panel of M Brain, an online research institute. The findings of this study are as follows: (1) The level of knowledge on cosmetics' ingredients positively affected the consumers' attitude and utilization intention of information on the cosmetics full ingredients list. (2) The higher the utilization intention for information, the more often consumers checked the packaging of goods. This implies that habitual behavior, such as checking information, leads to increasing intention to utilize of new information. (3) The brand, as a decision-making factor, negatively affected consumers' attitudes regarding information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1138-1148
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• 2010

This study examines the characteristics of the online child-rearing community launched by the voluntary motivations of consumers, and the effects of those characteristics on community loyalty and the intentions to buy baby wear via community sites. The study was implemented by a descriptive survey method using an online questionnaire. The sample consisted of 212 members of online child-rearing communities. The data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Results are as follows. 1) It was found that there were four major factors of online child-rearing community characteristics, such as attachment/pleasure, practical/economy, interaction, and information. 2) All four factors had significant effects on community loyalty. 3) The factor attachment/pleasure had no significant effects on intentions to buy baby wear, but practical/economy, interaction and information had effects upon those intentions. 4) Loyalty to the online child-rearing community had significant effects on the intentions of community members to buy baby wear via the community site. In addition, online child-rearing community members are interested in information regarding baby wear as well as its purchase; this is why baby wear makers should perform cost efficient consumer group segmentation in a timely manner. In addition, it will be effective for their marketing activities to target such consumer groups as segmented.