• 제목/요약/키워드: chi-a

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Analysis of the Involvement of Chitin-Binding Domain of ChiCW in Antifungal Activity, and Engineering a Novel Chimeric Chitinase with High Enzyme and Antifungal Activities

  • Huang, Chien-Jui;Guo, Shu-Huei;Chung, Shu-Chun;Lin, Yu-Ju;Chen, Chao-Ying
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제19권10호
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    • pp.1169-1175
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    • 2009
  • An antifungal chitinase, ChiCW, produced by Bacillus cereus 28-9 is effective against conidial germination of Botrytis elliptica, the causal agent of lily leaf blight. ChiCW as a modular enzyme consists of a signal peptide, a catalytic domain, a fibronectin type-III-like domain, and a chitin-binding domain. When two C-terminal domains of ChiCW were truncated, $ChiCW{\Delta}FC$ (lacking the chitin-binding domain and fibronectin type III-like domain) lost its antifungal activity. Since $ChiCW{\Delta}C$ (lacking the chitin-binding domain) could not be expressed in Escherichia coli as $ChiCW{\Delta}FC$ did, a different strategy based on protein engineering technology was designed to investigate the involvement of the chitin-binding domain of ChiCW ($ChBD_{ChiCW}$) in antifungal activity in this study. Because ChiA1 of Bacillus circulans WL-12 is a modular enzyme with a higher hydrolytic activity than ChiCW but not inhibitory to conidial germination of Bo. elliptica and the similar domain composition of ChiA1 and ChiCW, the C-terminal truncated derivatives of ChiA1 were generated and used to construct chimeric chitinases with $ChBD_{ChiCW}$. When the chitin-binding domain of ChiA1 was replaced with $ChBD_{ChiCW}$, the chimeric chitinase named ChiAAAW exhibited both high enzyme activity and antifungal activity. The results indicate that $ChBD_{ChiCW}$ may play an important role in the antifungal activity of ChiCW.

ON A CONDITION OF OSCILLATORY OF 3-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

  • Cho, In-Goo
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 1995
  • We consider the linear differential equations y〃'+ P($\chi$)y'+Q($\chi$)y=0 (1)(y"+P($\chi$)y)'-Q($\chi$)y =0 (2) Where (2) in the adjoint of (1) and P($\chi$), Q($\chi$) are continuous functions satisfying P($\chi$)$\geq$0, Q($\chi$)$\leq$0, P($\chi$)-Q($\chi$)$\geq$0 on [a, ${\alpha}$). (3) In this, we show that a condition a oscillatory of(1).(omitted)

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DISTRIBUTION OF THE VALUES OF THE DERIVATIVE OF THE DIRICHLET L-FUNCTIONS AT ITS a-POINTS

  • Jakhlouti, Mohamed Taib;Mazhouda, Kamel
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제54권4호
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    • pp.1141-1158
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, we study the value distribution of the derivative of a Dirichlet L-function $L^{\prime}(s,{\chi})$ at the a-points ${\rho}_{a,{\chi}}={\beta}_{a,{\chi}}+i{\gamma}_{a,{\chi}}$ of $L^{\prime}(s,{\chi})$. We give an asymptotic formula for the sum $${\sum_{{\rho}_{a,{\chi}};0<{\gamma}_{a,{\chi}}{\leq}T}\;L^{\prime}({\rho}_{a,{\chi}},{\chi})X^{{\rho}_{a,{\chi}}}\;as\;T{\rightarrow}{\infty}$$, where X is a fixed positive number and ${\chi}$ is a primitive character mod q. This work continues the investigations of Fujii [4-6], $Garunk{\check{s}}tis$ & Steuding [8] and the authors [12].

국내 공공도서관의 소비자건강정보 제공현황 조사분석 연구 (An Analyzing of the Current CHI Services in Korean Public Libraries)

  • 노영희
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.415-437
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    • 2011
  • 소비자건강정보(CHI)에 대한 관심 증가로 소비자건강정보원이 급격하게 증가하였고, 정보획득방법도 매우 다양해졌으며, CHI 획득경로 중의 하나가 공공도서관이다. 공공도서관에서의 CHI에 대한 참고서비스 요구는 점점 증가하고 있고, 미국에서는 공공도서관에서의 CHI 서비스 증진을 위해 다양한 프로젝트가 진행되었다. 반면에 국내 공공도서관에서의 CHI서비스는 매우 기본적인 수준이고 관련연구도 그다지 많지 않음을 발견할 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선행연구분석 및 해외 공공도서관에서의 CHI서비스 사례분석을 통해 시사점을 도출하고 국내 공공도서관에서의 CHI 서비스 현황을 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 국내 공공도서관에서 CHI 서비스 제공비율은 17.25%로 나타나 CHI서비스에 대한 요구나 서비스 제공에 대한 인식은 매우 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, CHI 제공방법의 다양성을 조사했을 때, CHI 관련 웹사이트 제공, 이용자대상 교육, 그리고 홍보 및 마케팅 등 세 가지 서비스만을 제공하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 이중 2가지 이상의 서비스를 제공하는 도서관은 13개의 도서관(1.74%)으로 조사되었다. 셋째, CHI 담당사서는 없는 것으로 조사되었고, 공공도서관 사서가 CHI 관련 교육을 받지 못하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 넷째, 아웃리치서비스나 ILL 서비스, 의료기관을 포함한 관련기관과의 협력네트워크 구축 등과 관련된 CHI 서비스는 전혀 발견할 수 없었다. 본 연구결과는 국내 공공도서관에서의 CHI서비스 제공방안에 대한 연구가 활성화되어야 함을 시사한다.

DISCRETE SOBOLEV ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS AND SECOND ORDER DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

  • Jung, H.S.;Kwon, K.H.;Lee, D.W.
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.381-402
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    • 1999
  • Let {Rn($\chi$)}{{{{ { } atop {n=0} }}}} be a discrete Sobolev orthogonal polynomials (DSOPS) relative to a symmetric bilinear form (p,q)={{{{ INT _{ } }}}} pqd$\mu$0 +{{{{ INT _{ } }}}} p qd$\mu$1, where d$\mu$0 and d$\mu$1 are signed Borel measures on . We find necessary and sufficient conditions for {Rn($\chi$)}{{{{ { } atop {n=0} }}}} to satisfy a second order difference equation 2($\chi$) y($\chi$)+ 1($\chi$) y($\chi$)= ny($\chi$) and classify all such {Rn($\chi$)}{{{{ { } atop {n=0} }}}}. Here, and are forward and backward difference operators defined by f($\chi$) = f($\chi$+1) - f($\chi$) and f($\chi$) = f($\chi$) - f($\chi$-1).

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Gamma Radiation Induced Mutagenesis of Lysobacter enzymogenes for Enhanced Chitinolytic Activity

  • Lee, Young-Keun;Kim, Kyoung Youl;Senthilkumar, M.
    • 방사선산업학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2010
  • Two chitinase producing strains CHI2 and CHI4 were isolated from soybean rhizosphere soil. Both the strains belonged to Lysobacter enzymogenes as indicated by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Though strain CHI2 and CHI4 produced extracellular chitinase, they differ in their chitinolytic activity. CHI4 produced approximately three times the higher amounts of enzyme than that of CHI2 under specified conditions. CHI2 produced $535.67U\;l^{-1}$ of chitinase after 48 h incubation with a specific activity of $3.91U\;mg^{-1}$ of protein while strain CHI4 produced $1584.13U\;l^{-1}$ of chitinase with a specific activity of $10.88U\;mg^{-1}$ protein. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the molecular weight of chitinase enzyme was approximately 45 kDa. A faint band with a molecular weight of 55 kDa reveals the possibility for the presence of another kind of chitin binding protein. Mutant library was developed by exposing the isolates to gamma rays at their $LD_{99}$ value (0.23 kGy). Totally, 11 mutants of CHI2 and CHI4 are reported to have enhanced chitinase activity. Several leaky mutant clones with decreased enzyme activity and a defective mutant (CHI2-M16) with complete loss of chitinase activity were also identified. CHI4-M18, CHI4-M8 and CHI4-M29 showed 78.8, 41.5, and 31.9% increased chitinase activity over wild type CHI4.

비중심카이제곱분포 함수에 대한 효율적인 알고리즘 (An Effective Algorithm for the Noncentral Chi-Squared Distribution Function)

  • 구선희
    • 정보처리학회논문지A
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    • 제9A권2호
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    • pp.267-270
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    • 2002
  • 비중심 $\chi^2$분포의 누적분포 함수의 계산은 $\chi^2$검정에서 검정력 계산에 요구된다. 본 논문서는 중심 $\chi^2$분포 함수를 통하여 비중심 $\chi^2$분포 함수의 계산을 구하는 알고리즘을 제시하고 있으며 기존의 접근 방법에 의한 계산 결과와 비교하였다.

중국 현대 치파오(Chi-pao) 브랜드의 디자인 특성 연구 (A Study on the Design Characteries of Chi-pao Brand in China)

  • 유영;소황옥
    • 복식
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    • 제65권2호
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    • pp.48-61
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    • 2015
  • Chi-pao is a kind of traditional clothes; it is regarded as a national costume, playing an irreplaceable role in the Chinese history. As China developed, the strict requirements on dresses did as well. History is a double-sided mirror,; we can know the past and we can find the direction ifor future development. when it comes to reform and openness, China imports foreign culture and exports domestic culture as well. This essay uses the history of Chi-pao as the background, consults the reference to analyse the brand of Chinese domestic Chi-pao characteristics, summarize the fashionable trend. Recently, Chi-pao is worn in many kinds of important occasions such as foreign affairs, public performances and so on. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the current situation of Chi-pao, make Chi-pao more international, and show the Chinese history to the world.

Common Fixed Point Theorems of Commuting Mappinggs

  • Park, Wee-Tae
    • 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.41-45
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    • 1987
  • In this paper, we give several fixed point theorems in a complete metric space for two multi-valued mappings commuting with two single-valued mappings. In fact, our main theorems show the existence of solutions of functional equations f($\chi$)=g($\chi$)$\in$S$\chi$∩T$\chi$ and $\chi$=f($\chi$)=g($\chi$)$\in$S$\chi$∩T$\chi$ under certain conditions. We also answer an open question proposed by Rhoades-Singh-Kulsherestha. Throughout this paper, let (X, d) be a complete metric space. We shall follow the following notations : CL(X) = {A; A is a nonempty closed subset of X}, CB(X)={A; A is a nonempty closed and founded subset of X}, C(X)={A; A is a nonempty compact subset of X}, For each A, B$\in$CL(X) and $\varepsilon$>0, N($\varepsilon$, A) = {$\chi$$\in$X; d($\chi$, ${\alpha}$) < $\varepsilon$ for some ${\alpha}$$\in$A}, E$\sub$A, B/={$\varepsilon$ > 0; A⊂N($\varepsilon$ B) and B⊂N($\varepsilon$, A)}, and (equation omitted). Then H is called the generalized Hausdorff distance function fot CL(X) induced by a metric d and H defined CB(X) is said to be the Hausdorff metric induced by d. D($\chi$, A) will denote the ordinary distance between $\chi$$\in$X and a nonempty subset A of X. Let R$\^$+/ and II$\^$+/ denote the sets of nonnegative real numbers and positive integers, respectively, and G the family of functions ${\Phi}$ from (R$\^$+/)$\^$s/ into R$\^$+/ satisfying the following conditions: (1) ${\Phi}$ is nondecreasing and upper semicontinuous in each coordinate variable, and (2) for each t>0, $\psi$(t)=max{$\psi$(t, 0, 0, t, t), ${\Phi}$(t, t, t, 2t, 0), ${\Phi}$(0, t, 0, 0, t)} $\psi$: R$\^$+/ \longrightarrow R$\^$+/ is a nondecreasing upper semicontinuous function from the right. Before sating and proving our main theorems, we give the following lemmas:

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소비자건강정보(CHI) 참고서비스 가이드라인 개발에 관한 연구 (A Study on Developing the Guideline for CHI Reference Service)

  • 노영희
    • 한국도서관정보학회지
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.345-376
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    • 2013
  • 웰빙에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 소비자건강정보에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며, 건강관련 사이트의 수가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이로 인해 공공도서관에서의 소비자건강정보(CHI, consumer health information) 관련 참고서비스에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 그러나 공공도서관사서들은 CHI 관련 참고서비스를 수행함에 있어 다른 참고서비스와 달리 부담감을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 CHI 참고서비스를 효과적으로 제공할 수 있는 방안 모색이 필요하다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내외의 연구 및 국외에서 개발된 가이드라인을 총체적으로 분석하여 공공도서관사서를 위한 CHI 참고서비스 가이드라인을 개발하였다. 개발된 가이드라인은 전문가 자문 및 설문조사를 통해 검증과정을 거쳤다.