• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.380-387
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• 2007

We carried out an image analysis of living cells forming their contacts at the bottom of the cell culturing substrate. In order to visualize the contact area selectively, we adopted total-internal-reflection-fluorescence (TIRF) method, which can illuminate the specimen volume within only several hundred nano-meters above the substrate. From the fluorescent intensity of the TRF image, we could calculate the distance of the cell surface from the substrate. As a result, we visualized the origin of cell contacts, their movements, and the change of cell-contact type from the close-contact into focal-contact with information of its vertical displacement representing the temporal evolution process of the three-dimensional cell-surface-profile near the contact area during this metamorphosis.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 2003

군락분류학에 기초한 현존식생도를 이용하여 토지에 대한 생태적 안전성 또는 위약성을 평가하는 '잠재인간간섭도' 평가기법을 개발하였다. 4개 범주(삼림지역, 개방수역-호소와 하천, 경작지 면적, 주택-도시화의 인공 면적)에 따라 입지도에 대한 직접평가 및 간접평가로부터 격자법과 등고선법에 의한 '잠재인간간섭도(潛在人間干涉圖)를 제작하였다. 이것을 토대로 토지의 훼손 잠재성을 평가하는 '교란핵구역'과 '위약(危弱)세포구역'을 규정하고, 토지 관리를 위한 생태적 접근을 시도하였다. 사례연구로 973개의 격자(500 m×500 m)로 이루어진 부산광역시 기장군 일대의 현존식생도 상에서 이루어졌다. 사례연구 지역 내에서 '교란핵구역'은 51군데이며 '위약세포구역'은 28군데로써 대상 면적의 약 8.1%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 식생학적 현존식 생도를 이용한 '교란핵구역'과 '위약세포구역'을 발굴하는 잠재인간간섭도는 토지 이용과 보존에 관한 생태학적 전략 구축에 있어서 구체적인 현장적 입지진단 정보를 제공하는 유효수단인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.515-518
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• 2005

LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging) with digital aerial photograph can be used to measure tree growth factors like total height, height of clear-length, dbh(diameter at breast height) and crown projection area. Delineating crown is an important process for identifying and numbering individual trees. Crown delineation can be done by watershed method to segment basin according to elevation values of DSMmax produced by LiDAR. Digital aerial photograph can be used to validate the crown projection area using LiDAR. And tree height can be acquired by image processing using window filter$(3cell\times3cell\;or\;5cell\times5cell)$ that compares grid elevation values of individual crown segmented by watershed.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2003

An efficient mobility management for mobile stations plays an important role in mobile communication networks. Even though many a mobility management schemes have been proposed, most of mobile communication networks adopt the mobility scheme based on zone-based registration. This paper studies the mobility management scheme that combines zone-based registration and 2-step selective paging. We assume cell by cell registration area, not ring by ring registration area of previous studies, and set up a new mobility model based on 2-dimensional random walk model considering the characteristic of zone-based registration to evaluate its performance exactly. We provide numerical results using proposed model to demonstrate the performance of zone-based registration and 2-step selective paging under various circumstances.

• 치과방사선
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.87-103
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• 1999

Purpose: This study was undertaken to quantitatively estimate the degree of the damage and recovery of the irradiated rat condylar cartilage using the Image Analyzer. Materials and Methods: Experimental animals were 16 male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain at the age of 20 day irradiated with the dose of 10 Gy in their head and neck region. Four rats were sacrificed at the each of the following time intervals - 1, 4, 7 and 14 days, respectively. The same number of control group animals were sacrificed at the each age of 21. 24, 27 and 34 days, respectively. The specimens were stained with 0.5％ toluidine blue and examined with light microscope. The condylar cartilage was divided into 4 zones; fibrous zone, proliferating zone, upper hypertrophic zone, and lower hypertrophic zone. And then, the proliferating zone was subdivided into 2 layers - upper and lower layer, and upper and lower hypertrophic zone were subdivided into three layers, respectively - upper, middle and lower layer. With the aid of Image Analyzer, morphometric analysis was performed. The thickness, the numerical density of cells, the cell area density, the extracellular matrix area density, the mean area of single cell, the mean area of extracellular matrix per single cell were measured and analysed. Results: In the experimental group, the thickness of the fibrous zone was slightly increased and that of the proliferating zone and the upper and the lower hypertrophic zone was markedly decreased. With time, the thickness of the fibrous zone was gradually increased and that of the proliferating zone and the upper and the lower hypertrophic zone was steadily in the decreased state. The numerical density of cells of the proliferating zone was increased on post-irradiated 1 day, but decreased after post-irradiated 4 day, and that of the upper hypertrophic zone was decreased. The numerical density of cells of the lower hypertrophic zone was decreased in the early stage and then was decreased or not significantly different from that of the control group with time. In the experimental group, the cell area density of the fibrous zone and the proliferating zone was decreased in the early stage and then gradually increased or not significantly different from that of the control group with time. The cell area density of the upper and the lower hypertrophic zone was varied with time. The extracellular matrix area density value were totally opposite to the cell area density values: The mean area of single cell of the fibrous zone and the proliferating zone was .decreased on post-irradiated 1 day, and increased after post-irradiated 4 day. The mean area of single cell of the upper hypertrophic zone was varied with each layer and time. In the experimental group, the mean area of extracellular matrix per single cell of the fibrous zone was not significantly different with control group, and that of the proliferating zone was decreased on post-irradiated 1 day, and increased after post-irradiated 4 day. The mean area of extracellular matrix per single cell of the lower hypertrophic zone was increased in the early stage. and that of upper hypertrophic zone was varied with each layer and time. Conclusion: The condylar cartilages of rats were affected by irradiation, but the changes were vaned with each layer and time. By morphometric analysis. the changes of the cells of the condylar cartilage of irradiated rat could be calculated quantitatively.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.204-208
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• 2011

In this paper, the design area of a fabricated solar cell has been analyzed with respect to its charge density. The mathematical calculation used for charge-density derivation was obtained from the 2001 version of a MATHCAD program. The parameter range for the calculations was ${\pm}1{\times}10^{17}cm^{-3}$, which is in the normal parameter range for n-type doping impurities ($7.0{\times}10^{17}cm^{-3}$) and also for p-type impurities ($4.0{\times}10^{17}cm^{-3}$). Therefore, it can be said that the fabricated solar-cell design area has a direct effect on charge-density changes.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.141-156
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• 1998

This histological study was performed to investigate the effects of .Paljeungsan-gagambang on the epididymal fat cell size, number and the fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed High Fat Diet. Paljeungsan-gagambang was orally administered to the rats of sample group 26mg per 200g of rat's weight everyday for 4 weeks, and the control group were just fed with equal amount of saline solution. Then they are the epididymal fat cell size, epididymal fat cell numberand fat drop area of hepatic lobule that were measured. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The size of the epididymal fat cell was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. 2. The number of the epididymal fat cells was decreased significantly as compared with the control group in distribution chart classified by cell size 3. The Area(%) of the Fat drops in the hepatic lobule was decreased significantly as compared with the control group. According to the above results, it is considered that Paljeungsan-gagambang have effects on the decrease of the epididymal fat cell size, number and fat drop area of hepatic lobule of rats fed high fat diet; Thus, the adminisrtation of Paljeungsan-gagambang is considered to have an improving effect on obesities and liver diseases caused by high fat diet.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1970

The present study is of ultra-fine structures of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum by means of electron microscopy and reveals the following. 1. In contrast to the bacteria, the normal fungus contains nuclear membrane, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulun, distinct cell wall and cell membrane and secretory granules as observed in the higher plants and animals. 2. Thickening of the cell wall, inapparent cell wall, inapparent cell membrane with the appearance of electron thin area(ETA) and increase of inclusions were observed in the L-1 treated groups. 3. Thickening of cell wall and increase of ETA were more apparent in the Epidermophyton floccosum than the other groups. 4. Increase of electron thin area was thought to be associated with autolysis.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.627-631
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• 2009

This paper presents a novel current steering cell matrix DAC(digital-to-analog converter) architecture to reduce decoder area. The current cell matrix of a existing architecture is selected by columns and lows thermometer code decoder of input bits. But The current cell matrix of a proposal architecture is divided 2n by the thermometer code decoder of upper input bits and are selected by the thermometer code decoder of middle and lower input bits. Because of this configuration, decoder numbers have increased. But the gate number that composed of decoder has decreased. In case of the designed 8 bit current steering cell matrix DAC, the gate number of decoder has decreased by about 55% in comparison with a existing architecture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2002

Some studies report that electroacupuncture(EA) boost natural killer cell(NK cell) activity. And also it is well known that hypothalamus is deeply related to effects of EA on analgesia. Some reports said that especially lateral hypothalamic area(LHA) is related to splenic NK cell activity. In order to investigate the relation between hypothalamus and effects of EA at ST36 point on NK cell activity of Spraque-Dawley rats. Lesions were made bilaterally at lateral hypothalamic area(LHA). And NK cytotoxities of normal and lesioned rats were measured with 51Cr release immunoassay after EA stimulation for 2 and 14 days. NK cell activity of EA group was significantly higher than sham group at 2nd, 14th day in normal rats. And LHA lesions abolished effects of EA on NK cell activity at 2nd day. But LHA lesions did not affect the effects of EA at 14th days. We also had an evidence that the decrease of NK cell activity was almost recoverd at 14th day. These results strongly suggest that LHA is deeply related to increase of NK cell activity induced by EA.