• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

The person Re-identification is the most challenging part of computer vision due to the significant changes in human pose and background clutter with occlusions. The picture from non-overlapping cameras enhance the difficulty to distinguish some person from the other. To reach a better performance match, most methods use feature selection and distance metrics separately to get discriminative representations and proper distance to describe the similarity between person and kind of ignoring some significant features. This situation has encouraged us to consider a novel method to deal with this problem. In this paper, we proposed an enhanced recurrent neural network with three-tier hierarchical network for person re-identification. Specifically, the proposed recurrent neural network (RNN) model contain an iterative expectation maximum (EM) algorithm and three-tier Hierarchical network to jointly learn both the discriminative features and metrics distance. The iterative EM algorithm can fully use of the feature extraction ability of convolutional neural network (CNN) which is in series before the RNN. By unsupervised learning, the EM framework can change the labels of the patches and train larger datasets. Through the three-tier hierarchical network, the convolutional neural network, recurrent network and pooling layer can jointly be a feature extractor to better train the network. The experimental result shows that comparing with other researchers' approaches in this field, this method also can get a competitive accuracy. The influence of different component of this method will be analyzed and evaluated in the future research.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.76-86
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the environmental equity of the accessibility to public transportation services in the city of Daegu. The 2005 census data as well as bus stop and subway station datasets were integrated for building the GIS database. Public transportation service areas were then identified by a coverage method. Mann Whitney U test was used for statistically comparing the socioeconomic characteristics over different levels of access to the public transportation services. Both Dong-gu, Suseong-gu, Dalseo-gu, and Buk-gu located outside of the city had worse accessibility than others while Jung-gu, Seo-gu, and Nam-gu had better accessibility than others. There appeared no environmental inequity pattern in terms of the percentages of men, women, and teenagers over the city of Daegu whereas there existed some environmental inequity pattern in terms of the percentages of people above the age of 65 and people below poverty line. This environmental inequity pattern would be caused by some factors. Firstly, the lower income class has tended to reside in the declined or blighted areas far away from public transportation facilities since this class can not afford to pay expensive rents and land prices around the main roads with higher accessibility. Many old people belonging to the lower income class also reside in the declined or blighted areas. Secondly, there has been no law to locate bus stops and subway stations considering residents' socioeconomic characteristics and the spatial distribution of public transportation facilities has been not managed systematically by the city government. This research would shed insight on building the public transportation policy to locate bus stops and subway stations and to select the routes of buses and subways considering the spatial distribution of residents' socioeconomic characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.615-628
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• 2004

This study is designed to examine influences of living arrangements on psycho-social factors, health and nutritional status, dietary adequacy and meal service utility patterns of the elderly. Nutritional status was evaluated by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Three hundred and nine elderly (110 men and 199 women) who participated in meal service in the Chung-buk province were investigated. Proportion of the elderly living alone, couples only, living with spouse and family, living with family without spouse; and living with other than family were 30.7%, 25.9%, 14.2%, 24.3% and 4.9% respectively. The mean age of the elderly was 74.1 years and the elderly who are living couples only and living with spouse and family were younger than those with other living status. Living arrangements seem to be related to psycho-social factors, health and nutritional status, and dietary quality. Those who live alone and live with other than family were mostly women and they have lower socio-economic status, psycho-social, health and nutritional status and dietary patterns compared with those of the elderly who are living with spouse or family. It was found that the elderly who live a couple only and live with spouse and family had better emotional, health and nutritional index than those of the elderly who live with family without spouse, especially in case of females. Most of elderly perceived that participation of meal service programs had a positive effect on their daily life and satisfied with meals. The elderly living alone and living with other than family were more frequently using meal service but had a negative attitude about the charged meal service for better quality than the elderly with other living status. The most important reason for all the elderly to participate in meal service was to meet their friends and then to get other services. Particularly those who are living alone and living with other than family showed lack of moivation to prepare and set the meal, and for them the economic reason is also important. They also replied that the poor health and lack of other help were the most difficult problems for them to prepare meals. It would be effective to provide nutritional services that meet specific needs of the elderly according to their characteristics and living environment.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.865-874
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• 2016

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary addition of herbal probiotics on the Hanwoo steers' physiochemical property. A total of 50 Hanwoo steers (5 treatment groups${\times}$10 heads) were used. The crude fat content of beef has been found significant high in T2 and T3 group, and the Con 2 group had the highest heating loss (p<0.05). The water-holding capacity ranged from 56.73% through 60.16%, and the treatment group was generally higher than the control group. In particular, the T3 group showed significantly high water-holding capacity (p<0.05). The cholesterol content ranged from 41.64mg/100g through 47.33mg/100g. In the overall and the Con 2 group had significantly high cholesterol content (p<0.05). Furthermore, the oleic acid and MUFA had significant high T2 and T3 group in the fatty acid composition (p<0.05), but the amino acid content made no difference between the treatment groups.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.229-234
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• 2007

Pure Bombus ignitus venom samples were submitted to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 64 excised spots were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Three main proteins resulted in the identification have not been described in other bee venoms before. Dose-dependence against human carcinoma (Hep3B, BT-20, A549 and AGS) were observed from 1ng/ml to 100ng/ml. Expecially, the treatment of 100ng/ml B. ignitus venoms showed the highest cytotoxicity with 55% against hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B). The B. ignitus venoms showed strong antimicrobial activities against Enterococcus faecium and Shigella sonnei, and practically antimicrobial activity against the other microorganisms tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of E. faecium and S. sonnei, were 0.256ug/ml, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.419-424
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• 2007

Fruits and vegetable extracts are well-known as healthy foods. Such foods have been used as herbal medicines or traditional therapies for centuries. To assess biological activities in grapes, we examined the immunomodulating activities of water extracts from four kinds of grapes (cultivars Kyoho, Delaware, Campbell, and Niagara). We explored possible antioxidant and anticancer activities using antioxidant assays such as the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction assay, the ferric iron reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, a cell proliferation assay, an NO inhibition assay, a wound healing assay, and an IL-4/IL-13 elicitation assay. Methanol extracts of grapes were tested. The results showed that each grape extract had potent antioxidant activities. The grape extracts increased cell proliferation and NO production activities in tumor cell lines. IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine levels were decreased in mouse primary spleen cells by treatment with any extract. These results suggest that grape extracts can be used as biomaterials with immunomodulating activities.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.716-721
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• 2007

This study was conducted to obtain the basic data on the development of resources of wild edible greens, and the industrialization of the marketing of fresh wild vegetables. We have also investigated the distributing factors at five-day traditional markets (Taebaek, Hongcheon and Hoengseong) in Gangwon district, and in Jeonnam district (Naju, Damyang and Jangseong), in May and June 2007. At each market, there were 34 to 49 diverse shops selling fresh wild vegetables except at Naju, where there were 22 shops. Between 27 to 29 kinds of fresh wild vegetable were on sale at the traditional markets in Gangwon district, and 15 to 19 kinds were on sale along with many horticultural plants in Jeonnam district. Fresh wild vegetables including Aster scaber, Petasites japonicus, Pteridium aquilinum var. latussculum, Malva verticillata, leaves of Perilla frutescens, Lactuca sativa, leaves of Capsicum annuum, and Oenanthe javanica were on sale in the markets in both districts. Those selling fresh wild vegetables were typically over 51 years of age (88%), and among these over 66.4% were over 61 years old. Less than 6 kinds of fresh wild vegetable accounted for over 72.1% of the vegetables sold. Edible wild greens were mainly packed in vinyl bags (over 77%).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.216-222
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the utilization of pruned branch of a peach tree as natural dyeing material. The dyestuff was extracted from pruned branch of a peach tree. we examined the dyeing ability on silk and cotten fabrics. The surface color of silk fabrics differed depending on mordants. E values in treatments of mordants ranged from 11.63 to 30.86 as compared to non-treatment. Dyeing properties of cotten fabrics were improved with a treatment of sulfate of iron as compared with of non-treatment. The values a increased when the slaked lime and sodium hydroxide were used as mordants, while the values b increased when copper sulfate, alum and apple vinegar were used. We investigated the surface colors of silk and cotten fabrics after washing three times. In general, the surface colors of silk and cotten fabrics between the treatments of all mordants and non-treatment were diminished by the washing. We also investigated the surface colors of silk and cotten fabrics when those were washed and treated by the light after soaking those into various pH solutions. The surface colors of silk and cotten fabrics were considerably preserved by the washing, the light and pH concentration. In conclusion, our results suggest that the dyestuffs from pruning branch of a peach tree would be useful as a natural dyeing material using the optimized conditions for silk and cotten dyeing.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.511-519
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• 2017

This study developed a occupational therapy convergent activity program to provide dementia patients admitted to the daytime ward, and investigated the program's effect on the hand and cognitive functions and instrumental activities of daily living. A total of 34 dementia patients were divided into two groups: a convergent occupational therapy program and medication were provided for 17 patients, and medication alone was provided for a control group of 17. The intervention was performed for 24 weeks, 8 times per week, 192 times in total. A handgrip strength test was performed to examine hand function before and after the intervention, and the MMSE-K and GDS were performed to evaluate cognitive function. In addition, the K-IADL was used to assess instrumental activities of daily living. With intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in hand and cognitive function and instrumental activities of daily living. In contrast, the control group did not show improvements in hand and cognitive function or instrumental activities of daily living. In conclusion, the study showed that a convergent/integrated activity program for occupational therapy has a positive effect on hand and cognitive function as well as instrumental activities of daily living.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.391-396
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• 2008

This study was carried out to help restore and spread broaden the consumption of Chungtaejeon, a our traditional tea, Chungtaejeon in Korea, and as well as to gather the basic data on Chutaejeon tea. We have also compared the various ingredients components and physiological activities of Chungtaejeon tea extracts with that of green tea extracts. According to the results, the total phenol contents in of the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 90.56 and 98.70 mg/100 mL, respectively, and their tannin contents levels in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 214.14 mg/100 mL and 259.60 mg/100 mL, respectively, showing a difference in content. The catechin contents of the Chetaejeon and green tea extracts were in the order of EGC($15.80{\sim}16.50\;mg/100mL$), EGCG($10.40{\sim}10.60\;mg/100 mL$), and ECG($9.55{\sim}9.88\;mg/100 mL$), however, with the exception of EC(7.86 mg/100 mL) in the green tea extracts, there were not significant differences between that in them Chetaejeon and green tea extracts. Quercetin was the main flavonoid ingredient component in those both the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts was quercetin, at levels of 0.08 mg/100 mL and 0.06 mg/100 mL and its contents in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 0.08 mg/100 mL and 0.06 mg/100 mL, respectively. The primary amino acid in both tea extracts was theanine main amino acid at levels of, theanine contents were most increased in 8.02 mg/100mL and 10.80 mg/100 mL, respectively, Chungtaejeon tea extracts by 8.02 mg/100 mL and green tea extracts by 10.80 mg/100 mL. And the arginine contents of the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 1.78 mg/100 mL and 1.86 mg/100 mL, respectively. In terms of mineral composition, potassium content was highest contents in the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts by 19.80 and 18.04 mg/100 mL, respectively. Finally, the Chungtaejeon tea extracts offered the greatest anti-oxidation and ACE inhibition activities were most increased in the Chungtaejeon tea extracts, and the green tea extracts showed the highest level of nitrite radical scavenging activity at 90% was extremely much increased in the green tea extracts by 90%.