• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.139-154
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• 2002

This study selects mannequins. fashion models. and fashion photographs as communication media to express the beauty of an ideal body. Each medium is discussed by the denotative and connotative aspects through the semiology. First, the mannequins are the most concrete medium which can form women's ideal body types and reproduce images in which the idealistic human body are coded in various figures. It embodies such various figures of the modem society by being replaced with the symbolic representation of our intrinsic·extrinsic forms. From a denotative view, the mannequins can be explained by ideal body types and expressive tools. The mannequin has implied connotative meanings of the similarity and dissimilarity between the actual body and itself. Second, fashion models have played a role in transmitting fashion images and presenting the ideal body. As fashion has adopted the body as its object fashion models have been used to express an ideal body. The development of the mass media in the 20th century has defined the standard of the beauty, Both the relationship between fashion designers and fashion models. and the standardization of beauty and fashion models are reviewed from a denotative view. Fashion models imply connotative meanings of the figurative and the controlled property. Third, fashion photographs are historical documents presenting us with the evidence of the ideal body types and culture throughout time. The photographs could be adopted as proper means to express fashion. having realistic and practical expressional functions, and it can be said that the realistic and practical expressional function of photographs has served as a suitable means for express fashion, and fashion photographs are discussed. The fashion photograph has the reproducible and the symbolic property.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2003

Today, the visual description of body is viewed in various categories, and the circumstance of computers is regarded as new type of communication beyond the circumstance of individual body. In cyber space, when existence and role of character in computer game constitute communication, the ideal body description of each character depicts dramatic beauty, which rises above reality. On this thesis, analyzing the body description and transition on visual in, I grope for a method to utilize in creating game character which is modeled from ideal human being. Although the progress of producing character has already come to limit, concluding that we have to create character model which has marked individuality and beauty by adding modem and future analysis to the golden ratio, which has established since ancient Greece, this paper suggests the method of creating character which has the image of ideal human body.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.79-95
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is firstly to survey the social and cultural background of 20th century and women´s status, and to identify what the ideal body is like and what the elements of outer garment and underwear are and the techniques to incarnate the ideal beauty. Various papers are referenced for theoretical study and the elements and techniques of underwear are analyzed based on photographical materials. This paper concludes as follows. In 1960´s, ideal beauty was small bust, long legs, which showed extremely slim Mini-skirt look. Thinly or no padded brassiere were worn for small bust, and pants-style short panty girdles were popular as they used to wear pants frequently. Lycra replaced all the closures, bones, seams and gave freedom with light weight. In 1970´s, a natural human body without sex specific was in vogue. Therefore, the non-structural knits without a pad or lining or the shirts dress were widespread for a Natural look and the naturally molded brassiere or girdles were worn as the underwears. In 1980´s, the women with powerful muscle appear which emphasized liveliness and healthfulness. The body conscious represented by wide shoulder, plump breast, accented waist, small hips, and long legs has been embodied. Outer garments emphasized women power and healthy beauty with Power suit and Form-fitting style, and underwears made the breast plump with padded brassiere and emphasized waist and hips with waspie. In 1990´s, ideal beauty was slim body with big bust and the outer garments emphasized body line of women with Hourglass silhouette. Push-up bra which emphasizes the valley of breast and supports the breast upward and the control tights for slim waist, flat abdomen, small hips, and long and slim legs have been useful as underwears. Multi-functional micro-fiber has been ideal for sculpting women body.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.128-140
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• 1999

The Psychology of putting on clothes has close relation with sexuality, and eroticism is important in clothing. Present article aims to understand eroticism correctly and to make it evaluated as an art in modern fashion and as an aesthetic to express woman\`s beauty. Modern eroticism in fashion may be divided into direct, indirect and symbolic expression made. The result are as follow: First, direct made, a representation of desire into direct, indirect and symbolic expression of body or physical curve with tight garment. Second, indirect made, a see-though technique using association, represents sexual appeal by imagination on body area hidden by clothes made of see-through material. And third symbolic made express sexual libido by representing body area or clothes which symbolizing woman\`s sexuality using materials like fur or silk. Eroticism in modern clothing, therefore, should be understood as a beauty that is expressed by human artistic desire. Further studies are needed to explain the characteristics of eroticism in every culture because human nature is apt to from diverse kind of cultures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.1 s.91
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• pp.43-58
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• 2005

The objective of the study is to understand the characteristics of modernistic spatial design and, based on the understanding, to interpret fashion in terms of its spatial relationship with society, culture and human body, thereby looking into unique spatial characteristics fashion has. The main results of this study include : First, the rational space emphasizes geometric symmetry and harmony among each of design elements and is expressed by pursuing a perfect formative beauty that indicates an eternal formal beauty of a physical space. In addition, functional beauty is also pursued, making clothing convenient for activities. Second, the abstract space is characterized as a kind of purity by emphasizing simple patterns and colors and materials of purity for clothing, and it is sometimes expressed as being extremely abstract so that human body can be shown to be distorted. Third, for the uniform and neutral space, mass-production and production at home was made possible with clothing of simple patterns and of standard. In addition, it showed a tendency to become blurred in gender distinction for clothing with women wearing men's clothing, or borrowing design elements from men's clothing. Forth, the space as means of domination and control was shown to be segmented based on place, function and purpose. In addition, control on physical beauty was shown by promoting slim figures that are suited for lineal silhouette of clothing and circumstantial restriction on clothing occurred during war, serving to limit the styles of and purchase of clothing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.99-113
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• 2018

In this study, the reality of international Gothic style was examined through the representative art of the period, such as paintings, architecture and tapestries. In particular zones of the body were examined by applying Harold Koda's methods of discussing extreme beauty to study the phenomena and characteristics of extremes in late Gothic costumes. This arrived at the following conclusions concerning the phenomena and characteristics of the extreme appearing in the late Gothic costumes. First, a mechanism of body transformation to reach the ideal and desired form of a human. Second, the complicated and various extremeness of the whole human body. Third, the reflection of 'elaborate and secular excess, decorative taste of international Gothic style. Fourth, a early advanced case of the Trickle-down fashion and international sensation. Fifth, the aesthetic insight into 'ugliness', ever pursued in 'extreme beauty'. The researcher expects that the results of this study will contribute to the preparation to renew the significance of, and to restore the status of the late Gothic costumes, in terms of costume history, that has been considered as an age of the bizarre tastes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 1982

The creation of clothing is a form of aesthetic expression through which feelings and ideas are conveyed. This study tried to find out the mental world and aesthetic consciousness of Ancient Egypt through the costume of the period. The beauty of human body was esteemed and expressed in body exposure, tight costumes and transparent fabrics. Through the silhouette of costume, wig and accessories, the beauty of simplicity was expressed. And the beauty of harmony was sought through the beauty of balance and emphasis. The aesthetic consciousness of Ancient Egypt is the refined elegance and it was composed on the basis of the ideas of nature worship and had been preserved by the spirit of traditionism for about 3, 000 years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.1 s.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

This study was analyzed on relationship of blood vessel pressure massage and skin and management method on blood vessel pressure for skin care with Yin-yang 5 factors theory, Yin-yang 5 factors theory of blood vessel pressure massage with related Korean medicine is essential for descriptions of the physiology of human body and disease. Six elements(wind, heat, fire, dryness, wetness, and cold) and seven emotions(anger, happiness, thought, worry, sadness, surprise, and fear) effected on skin care and the five viscera and the six stomach. Blood vessel pressure massage related with skin consists of the five viscera and the six stomach and is improved blood circulation and is retarded aging of skin by controls of hormone and free nerve system. Blood vessel pressure massage for skin care improved in the intestine system and blood circulation and got healthy. The blood vessel pressure massage treatment of beauty art can aid the function of bio-rhythm of a human body and make our body health by healing the problems of the five viscera organs and the six stomach. It also help circulate of the blood flow and vigor. The study expects the related researches to improve the various treatments through this treatment. The researcher encountered many problems with the lack of concerned materials and former studies but expects this study to be a study to retard aging the skin and prevent the diseases through the study of the blood vessel pressure massage.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2013

In terms of expression, beauty illustration has become more diverse and innovative. Because of continued unique creative activities, more novelty has been pursued. In this study, beauty illustration in new artistic and decorative images was used to investigate the basic concepts of art activities, illustration and beauty illustration and make up for beauty illustration which adheres to traditional and classical expressions. In this study, the following results were obtained: First, in terms of expression of beauty illustration, the work with art expressions are still poor compared to other fields such as fashion illustration. Therefore, it is necessary to attempt beauty illustration of a new image which expresses artistic emotions. Second, by using an artistic technique called 'paper sculpture', a semi-solid shape has been completed, and a decorative beauty illustration was created. People get new inspiration through beautiful and innocent art pieces, which in turn motivate to create new expression. New art activities which take a human body as an art support beauty activities through picture and more sensitive inspiration. It was attempted to express other emotion and beauty by observing a single piece of work. A new possibility in beauty illustration which is differentiated from other art activities is proposed and its domain is developed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1-19
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• 2002

This study is to observe the meaning, aesthetic formative nature of the human body which has been not only a main issue and discussion object but also socially, culturally connected with clothing by contemplating it in the respect of the trend of art. Additionally, a work of contemplation about human body introduced to fashion design was analyzed to renew the meaning and value of the formative art inside the human body. The way and scope of this study is to contemplate the concept and meaning of human body, based on the documentary records such as art history and clothing history in the West society as a main theme. The results of the analysis were as follows: In the first place, the formative characteristics shown in the modem arts expressing the human body since 1990 which are cubism, futurism, metaphysical painting, dadaism, surrealism, pop art, happening, feminism, body art, and technology art are distortion, exaggeration and dismantling. Second, the aesthetic formative nature and meaning in the human body appear to be different according to the standard of ideal beauty of human body when we examine the expression of it from the aspect of art-history and the meaning of human body implied in it. Besides, human body is being used as a messenger which delivers the message of modem artist to other people. So the changed meaning of human body has affected the clothing and made it possible to manufacture and form new styles of clothing that have never been before. In conclusion, the human body in the modem era plays an important role as a brand-new formative medium of communication in the human society and contributes to the development which applies the aesthetic formative nature of the human body to fashion design.