• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.687-701
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• 2012

Let $R$ be a ring and $nil(R)$ the set of all nilpotent elements of $R$. For a subset $X$ of a ring $R$, we define $N_R(X)=\{a{\in}R{\mid}xa{\in}nil(R)$ for all $x{\in}X$}, which is called a weak annihilator of $X$ in $R$. $A$ ring $R$ is called weak zip provided that for any subset $X$ of $R$, if $N_R(Y){\subseteq}nil(R)$, then there exists a finite subset $Y{\subseteq}X$ such that $N_R(Y){\subseteq}nil(R)$, and a ring $R$ is called weak symmetric if $abc{\in}nil(R){\Rightarrow}acb{\in}nil(R)$ for all a, b, $c{\in}R$. It is shown that a generalized power series ring $[[R^{S,{\leq}}]]$ is weak zip (resp. weak symmetric) if and only if $R$ is weak zip (resp. weak symmetric) under some additional conditions. Also we describe all weak associated primes of the generalized power series ring $[[R^{S,{\leq}}]]$ in terms of all weak associated primes of $R$ in a very straightforward way.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.237-243
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• 2013

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of sudden death in developed countries. While current therapies are mostly aimed at mitigating associated symptoms, novel therapies targeting the subcellular mechanisms underlying heart failure are emerging. Failing hearts are characterized by reduced contractile properties caused by impaired $Ca^{2+}$ cycling between the sarcoplasm and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum $Ca^{2+}$ ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) mediates $Ca^{2+}$ reuptake into the SR in cardiomyocytes. Of note, the expression level and/or activity of SERCA2a, translating to the quantity of SR $Ca^{2+}$ uptake, are significantly reduced in failing hearts. Normalization of the SERCA2a expression level by gene delivery has been shown to restore hampered cardiac functions and ameliorate associated symptoms in pre-clinical as well as clinical studies. SERCA2a activity can be regulated at multiple levels of a signaling cascade comprised of phospholamban, protein phosphatase 1, inhibitor-1, and $PKC{\alpha}$. SERCA2 activity is also regulated by post-translational modifications including SUMOylation and acetylation. In this review, we will highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of SERCA2a activity and the potential therapeutic modalities for the treatment of heart failure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.69-76
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• 2003

This paper presents the prediction of deep excavation-induced ground surface movements using artifical neural network(ANN) technique, which is of prime importance in the perspective of damage assessment of adjacent buildings. A finite element model, which can realistically replicate deep excavation-induced ground movements was employed to perform a parametric study on deep excavations with emphasis on ground movements. The result of the finite element analysis formed a basis for the Arificial Neural Network(ANN) system development. It was shown that the developed ANN system can be effecting used for a first-order prediction of ground movements associated with deep-excavation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.83-96
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• 2013

Let K be a number field and fix a prime number $p$. For any set S of primes of K, we here say that an elliptic curve E over K has S-reduction if E has bad reduction only at the primes of S. There exists the set $B_{K,p}$ of primes of K satisfying that any elliptic curve over K with $B_{K,p}$-reduction has no $p$-torsion points under certain conditions. The first aim of this paper is to construct elliptic curves over K with $B_{K,p}$-reduction and a $p$-torsion point. The action of the absolute Galois group on the $p$-torsion subgroup of E gives its associated Galois representation $\bar{\rho}_{E,p}$ modulo $p$. We also study the irreducibility and surjectivity of $\bar{\rho}_{E,p}$ for semistable elliptic curves with $B_{K,p}$-reduction.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Recently, q-Dedekind-type sums related to q-Euler polynomials was studied by Kim in [T. Kim, Note on q-Dedekind-type sums related to q-Euler polynomials, Glasgow Math. J. 54 (2012), 121-125]. It is aim of this paper to consider a p-adic continuous function for an odd prime to inside a p-adic q-analogue of the higher order Dedekind-type sums with weight related to modified q-Euler polynomials with weight by using Kim's p-adic q-integral.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.79-85
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• 2011

Landscaping on building sites has been regulated by Building Code in Korea. By Article 42 of the Code, landscaping is mandated in the process of building construction and people should comply with the code to get the building permit. On the other hand, sustainability tends to be a prime value these days. Because of the intrinsic nature of Korea Building Code, the landscaping was not adequately implemented in reality. After studies on the landscape ordinance, the major problems on the mandated landscaping has been speculated as follows: 1. As far as landscaping has been regulated by single building code, there seems to be a limitation. Urban Planning Code etc. would be another mean to adequate landscaping. 2. Speculations on landscape details associated with landscape plans are needed for building permit process. 3. By any level of law, the landscape should be reinforced for public buildings and developments because of its own publicity. 4. Locally sound landscape would be implemented through Special Architectural District etc.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.1051-1063
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• 2018

The real moment-angle complex (or, more generally, real polyhedral product) and its real toric space have recently attracted much attention in toric topology. The aim of this paper is to give two interesting remarks regarding real polyhedral products and real toric spaces. That is, we first show that Moore's conjecture holds to be true for certain real polyhedral products. In general, real polyhedral products show some drastic difference between the rational and torsion homotopy groups. Our result shows that at least in terms of the homotopy exponent at a prime this is not the case for real polyhedral products associated to a simplicial complex whose minimal missing faces are all k-simplices with $k{\geq}2$. Moreover, we also show a structural theorem for a finite group G acting simplicially on the real toric space. In other words, we show that G always contains an element of order 2, and so the order of G should be even.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.185-190
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• 2013

Influence of solution treatment (T4) and peak-aging (T6) on damping capacity was investigated in permanent-mold cast Mg-3%Nd alloy. In as-cast state, the microstructure was characterized by eutectic $Mg_{12}Nd$ intermetallic phase network in the intergranular region. T4 treatment resulted in a dissolution of the eutectic particles, but small amount of the particles still remained in the microstructure. After T6 treatment, nano-sized ${\beta}^{\prime}(Mg_{12}Nd)$ particles were precipitated within the matrix. T4 microstructure showed higher damping capacity than as-cast and T6 ones. In view of the microstructural features, this may well be associated with the dissolution of second-phase particles which play a role in pinning the dislocations acting as a damping source.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 2011

In this paper we dene the notions of left *-bimultiplier, *-bimultiplier and generalized *-biderivation, and to prove that if a semiprime *-ring admits a left *-bimultiplier M, then M maps R ${\times}$ R into Z(R). In Section 3, we discuss the applications of theory of *-bimultipliers. Further, it was shown that if a semiprime *-ring R admits a symmetric generalized *-biderivation G : R ${\times}$ R ${\rightarrow}$ R with an associated nonzero symmetric *-biderivation R ${\times}$ R ${\rightarrow}$ R, then G maps R ${\times}$ R into Z(R). As an application, we establish corresponding results in the setting of $C^*$-algebra.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.417-424
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• 2014

Let A be an abelian variety defined over a number field K and p be a prime. Define ${\varphi}_i=(x^{p^i}-1)/(x^{p^{i-1}}-1)$. Let $A_{{\varphi}i}$ be the abelian variety defined over K associated to the polynomial ${\varphi}i$ and let Ш($A_{{\varphi}i}$) denote the Tate-Shafarevich groups of $A_{{\varphi}i}$ over K. In this paper assuming Ш(A/F) is finite, we compute [Ш($A_{{\varphi}1}$)][Ш($A_{{\varphi}2}$)]/[Ш($A_{{\varphi}1{\varphi}2}$)] in terms of K-rational points of $A_{{\varphi}i}$, $A_{{\varphi}1{\varphi}2}$ and their dual varieties, where [X] is the order of a finite abelian group X.