• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.355-360
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• 2006

To gain a better understanding on the function of the potato Solanum tuberosum Multiprotein Bridging Factor 1 protein (StMBF1) its interaction with the TATA box binding protein (TBP) was demonstrated. In addition we reported that StMBF1 rescues the yeast mbf1 mutant phenotype, indicating its role as a plant co-activator. These data reinforce the hypothesis that MBF1 function is also conserved among non closely related plant species. In addition, measurement of StMBF1 protein level by Western blot using anti-StMBF1 antibodies indicated that the protein level increased upon $H_2O_2$ and heat shock treatments. However, the potato $\beta$-1,3-glucanase protein level was not changed under the same experimental conditions. These data indicate that StMBF1 participates in the cell stress response against oxidative stress allowing us to suggest that MBF1 genes from different plant groups may share similar functions.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.391-397
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• 2013

In the present study, we aimed to analyze the antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and antipyretic activities of nymphayol were investigated in wistar rats and mice. Antinociceptive effect was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing, formalin induced paw licking and hot-plate tests. Immunomodulatory activity was assessed by neutrophil adhesion test, humoral response to sheep red blood cells, delayed-type hypersensitivity, phagocytic activity and cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by yeast induced hyperthermia in rats. Nymphayol produced significant (p<0.05) antinociceptive activity in acetic acid induced writhing response and late phase of the formalin induced paw licking response. Pre-treatment with nymphayol (50 mg/kg, oral) evoked a significant increase in neutrophil adhesion to nylon fibres. The augmentation of humoral immune response to sheep red blood cells by nymphayol (50 mg/kg) was evidenced by increase in antibody titres in rats. Oral administration of nymphayol (50 mg/kg) to rats potentiated the delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction induced by sheep red blood cells. Treatment with nymphayol showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in pyrexia in rats. The results suggest that nymphayol possesses potent anti-nociceptive, immunomodulatory and antipyretic activities.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.269-273
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• 2005

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are important components of innate immunity in the defense against pathogens. TLRs recognize pathogen-associated common molecular patterns. TLRs are similar to the receptors involved in defense responses in plants. TLR protein is a type 1 membrane protein, consisting of an extracellular domain containing leucine-rich repeats and a cytoplasmic domain. The cytoplasmic domain delivers ligand recognition signals that result in production of anti-microbial agents. The cytoplasmic domain (amino acid 858-1032) of toll-like receptor 9 has been expressed using methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The protein expression was confirmed by Western-blot, N-terminal sequencing and MALDl-TOF mass spectrometry. The proteins have been purified by nickel affinity, cation exchange and gel-filtration chromatography.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.363-371
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• 2007

Schizandrae Fruits has been used as a traditional Oriental medicine for treatment of many stress-induced diseases. In the present study, we investigated inhibitory activity of enzymatic hydrolysate of Schizandrae fructus (SC-EX) in growth of tested intestinal microorganism and activity of bowel inflammation related enzyme. SC-EX was added to the proteose peptone-yeast extract-fildes (PYF) media to investigation the effect on the growth of type culture of intestinal microorganism. The growth of lactic acid bacteria such as Bifidobacterium species and Lactobacillus species was accelerated by more than 3% concentration of SC-EX. But, growth of harmfulness bacteria such as E.coli, Clostridium sp. Staphylococcus sp. Streptococcus sp. was inhibited by more than 3% concentration of SC-EX. Also, SC-EX was exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity of the bowel inflammation related enzymes. The SC-EX was showed 76% and 92% inhibitory activity of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooygenase at 5% additional concentration respectively. Our results indicated that SC-EX may possess improvement effect on the intestinal flora and Anti-inflammatory effect on the bowel.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.542-551
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• 2017

Small phytochemicals have been successfully adopted as antibacterial chemotherapies and are being increasingly viewed as potential antibiofilm agents. Some of these molecules are known to repress biofilm and toxin production by certain bacterial and yeast pathogens, but information is lacking with regard to the genes allied with biofilm formation. The present study was performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of burdock root extract (BRE) and of chlorogenic acid (CGA; a component of BRE) on clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. BRE and CGA exhibited significant antibiofilm activity against K. pneumoniae without inflicting any harm to its planktonic counterparts. In vitro assays supported the ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitory effect of CGA and BRE while in silico docking showed that CGA bound strongly with the active sites of sulfhydryl-variable-1 ${\beta}$-lactamase. Furthermore, the mRNA transcript levels of two biofilm-associated genes (type 3 fimbriae mrkD and trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase treC) were significantly downregulated in CGA- and BRE-treated samples. In addition, CGA inhibited biofilm formation by Escherichia coli and Candida albicans without affecting their planktonic cell growth. These findings show that BRE and its component CGA have potential use in antibiofilm strategies against persistent K. pneumoniae infections.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.52-63
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• 2000

Non-specific reaction has been a problem in doing, especially, research and diagnosis for infectious agents. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) techniques has widely been used to amplify a reaction. Photobacterium damse1a subsp. piscicdia (formerly Pasteurella piscicida) exhibited a capacity to bind with streptavidin non-specifically. The band, estimated 26 K Da in Western blotted paper, was blocked with biotin but incompletely. In an attempt to explore an involvement of the non-specific substance in attaching piscine cells, cell attachment test performed using anti- Ph. d. subsp piscicida sera raised mouse and rabbit exhibited slightly blocking effects for Mediterranean (1736) and significantly for Japanese (Sp 92144) isolate. Biotin decreased the attachment ability significantly for Sp92144 but it was not effective to 1736. Both isolates showed greatly enhanced attachment ability with poly-L-lysin. The non-specific binding substance was contained in bacterial extracellular products (ECPs). The substance was able to purified with 2-imminobiotin affinity column, the purified substance appeared to have 4 bands in silver staining, and had a carbohydrate branch. This purified substance showed cytotoxic effects selectively between 5 piscine cell lines. Moreover, it stimulated rainbow trout macrophage in terms of reduction of cytochrome cas well as yeast phagocytosis, significantly.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 1994

KEM1 is known to control the spindle pole body or microtubule function, probably in response to the cellular nutritional conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transposon insertions were performed in the cloned KEM1 gene using mini-Tn10-LUK element carrying E. coli ${\beta}$-galactosidase structural gene. A collection of ranfom Tn10-LUK insertions defined an approximately 3.5 kb region required for the KEM1 function. From this collection functional KEM1::lacZ protein fusions were identified. Indirect immunofluorescence using anti-${\beta}$-galacatosidase antibodies localized the KEM1::lacZ fusion protein to the periphery of the nucleus.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2007

Extract of Japanese red pine needles has been used in Asia pacific regions since long periods believing its valuable properties as tonic and ability of curing diseases of unidentified symptoms. Some selective compounds present in the extract and their effects were analyzed. Carbohydrates and vitamin c were identified using HPLC; terpenoid compounds by GC-MS; anti-bacterial analysis by paper discs, plates count and gastrointestinal motility by whole cell patch clamp. The extract is a mixture of compounds therefore its diverse effect was expected. Self-fermentation in extract proceeds after spontaneous appearance of yeast strains without inoculation. Effects and composition of the extract vary with varying period of self-fermentation. Extract inhibits the growth of bacteria dose dependently exhibiting its antibacterial properties however effectiveness increases with increase in fermentation period. The extract also can modulate gastrointestinal motility in murine small intestine by modulating pace maker currents in ICC mediated through ATP sensitive potassium channel.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 2011

The purpose of this investigation was to extract the bioactive agents from Alpinia officinarum Hance. The methanol with ethylacetate extracts alone and combined were examined for their activities against VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococci) and pathogenic yeast in vitro. The incidence of infections caused by VRE and other pathogenic microorganisms and the importance of using novel synergistic drug combinations has become important. Previously, we reported the antimicrobial effects of the butanol extract from Lonicera japonica and have evaluated combinations of solvent extracts, with a focus on the MeOH and EtOAc extracts from A. officinarum. In the present study, enhanced inhibitory effects were achieved by employing a combination of the two solvent extracts. The MeOH and EtOAc combination was especially effective against four VRE strains: E. faecalis (K-10-22), E. faecaium (K-11-212), E. faecalis (K-10-57) and E. faecalis (K-10-361) with MIC values of 12.5, 12.5, 6.25 and 25 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. Thus, the combination was more effective than other antibiotics such as kanamycin, gentamicin or tetracycline against bacteria including E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus. In addition, the combination was effective against yeasts such as Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.170-173
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• 2014

Two unrecorded yeasts, Meyerozyma caribbica UL5-1 and Pichia silvicola UL6-1 were screened from 58 yeasts which were isolated from wild flowers in Ulleungdo in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. The morphological and cultural characteristics of these unrecorded yeasts were investigated. Both yeasts were oval in shape and formed pseudomycelia. P. silvicola UL6-1 formed ascospore, but M. UL5-1 did not. P. silvicola UL6-1 and M. caribbica UL5-1 also grew in vitamin-free medium and 5% NaCl-containing yeast extract-peptone-dextrose medium. The two unrecorded yeasts assimilated glucose, galactose, xylose, cellobiose, trehalose, glycerol and sorbitol, and also fermented glucose, fructose and mannose. The supernatant of both M. caribbica UL5-1 and P. silvicola UL6-1 showed high antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of 84.2% and 82.6%, respectively. Cell-free extract of P. silvicola UL6-1 also showed very high anti-diabetic ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity (85.8%).