• 제목/요약/키워드: acute respiratory infection

검색결과 344건 처리시간 0.034초

면역 적격자에서 급성 폐렴으로 발현된 폐실질 및 기관지를 침범한 Mycobacterium avim 감염 1예 (A Case of Pulmonary and Endobronchial Mycobacterium avium Infection Presenting as an Acute Pneumonia in an Immunocompetent Patient)

  • 이유진;김동현;윤경화;김미영;정승욱;이병기;김연재
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • /
    • 제69권4호
    • /
    • pp.279-283
    • /
    • 2010
  • The global number of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary infection is increasing. Patients with preexisting lung disease or who are immunodeficient are at the greatest risk for developing MAC infection. Endobronchial lesions with MAC infection are rare in the immunocompetent host. However, there have been an increasing number of reports of an immunocompetent host being afflicted with various manifestations of MAC infection. We report a case of pulmonary and endobronchial MAC infection presenting as an acute pneumonia in a 59-year-old female without preexisting lung disease or immunodeficiency.

Acute-onset respiratory signs in a Labrador Retriever with a positive SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test and infection confirmed by RT-PCR analysis: a case report

  • Mark, Gosling;Jessica, Bacon
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
    • /
    • 제23권6호
    • /
    • pp.80.1-80.6
    • /
    • 2022
  • A 10-year-old male neutered Labrador Retriever presented with a history of acute-onset tachypnoea, lethargy and anorexia. The dog was pyrexic, tachypnoeic and dyspnoeic on examination. A rapid antigen test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was performed on an oropharyngeal swab and yielded a positive result. SARS-CoV-2 infection was subsequently confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Both of the dog's owners had positive rapid antigen test and RT-PCR analysis results for SARS-CoV-2. Additional diagnostics included computed tomography. Resolution of the dog's clinical signs was achieved with symptomatic treatment.

Blood test results from simultaneous infection of other respiratory viruses in COVID-19 patients

  • In Soo, Rheem;Jung Min, Park;Seung Keun, Ham;Jae Kyung, Kim
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
    • /
    • 제10권4호
    • /
    • pp.316-321
    • /
    • 2022
  • Since 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly, infecting millions of people worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic owing to the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2, which created an unprecedented burden on the global healthcare system. In this context, there are increasing concerns regarding co-infections with other respiratory viruses, such as the influenza virus. In this study, clinical data of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses were compared with patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 alone. The hematology and blood biochemistry results of 178 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 , who were tested on admission, were retrospectively reviewed. In patients with SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus co-infection, C-reactive protein levels were elevated on admission, whereas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin clotting time, and bilirubin values were all within the normal range. Moreover, patients with SARS-CoV-2 and human bocavirus co-infection had low LDH and high bilirubin levels on admission. These findings reveal the clinical features of respiratory virus and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections and support the development of appropriate approaches for treating patients with SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory virus co-infections.

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus Infection into Established hDPP4-Transgenic Mice Accelerates Lung Damage Via Activation of the Pro-Inflammatory Response and Pulmonary Fibrosis

  • Kim, Ju;Yang, Ye Lin;Jeong, Yongsu;Jang, Yong-Suk
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제30권3호
    • /
    • pp.427-438
    • /
    • 2020
  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infects the lower respiratory airway of humans, leading to severe acute respiratory failure. Unlike human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (hDPP4), a receptor for MERS-CoV, mouse DPP4 (mDPP4) failed to support MERS-CoV infection. Consequently, diverse transgenic mouse models expressing hDPP4 have been developed using diverse methods, although some models show no mortality and/or only transient and mild-to-moderate clinical signs following MERS-CoV infection. Additionally, overexpressed hDPP4 is associated with neurological complications and breeding difficulties in some transgenic mice, resulting in impeding further studies. Here, we generated stable hDPP4-transgenic mice that were sufficiently susceptible to MERS-CoV infection. The transgenic mice showed weight loss, decreased pulmonary function, and increased mortality with minimal perturbation of overexpressed hDPP4 after MERS-CoV infection. In addition, we observed histopathological signs indicative of progressive pulmonary fibrosis, including thickened alveolar septa, infiltration of inflammatory monocytes, and macrophage polarization as well as elevated expression of profibrotic molecules and acute inflammatory response in the lung of MERS-CoV-infected hDPP4-transgenic mice. Collectively, we suggest that this hDPP4-transgenic mouse is useful in understanding the pathogenesis of MERS-CoV infection and for antiviral research and vaccine development against the virus.

Pasteurellosis in Rabbits

  • Al-Haddawi, M.H.
    • 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국수의병리학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
    • /
    • pp.12-16
    • /
    • 2000
  • In domestic rabbits, pasteurellosis is a primary respiratory disease entity caused by Pasteurella multocida. Respiratory pasteurellsos in rabbits is highly contagious due to dissemination of the organism in the nasal discharge (Benirschke, et al., 1978). The disease reflects a varied and complex host-parasite relationship. Acute infection with high mortality occurs sporadically especially in stressed rabbits less than 10 weeks old, in the form either an enzootic pneumonia, infection of the upper respiratory tract or septicemia. In addition to respiratory form, infection with P. multocida results in a variety of disease processes in rabbits including rhinitis, otitis media, otitis interna, abscesses, metritis, orchitis and meningoencephalaitis (Manning et al., 1989). The deleterious effects of pasteurellosis are common and pose serious problems for rabbit breeders and researchers (Flatt, 1974). (omitted)

  • PDF

호흡기 감염 질환에서 Sparfloxacin의 임상효과 (The Clinical Effect of Sparfloxacin for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Infection)

  • 이학준;박혜정;신창진;신경철;정진홍;이관호;이현우
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
    • /
    • 제15권2호
    • /
    • pp.246-253
    • /
    • 1998
  • 1997년 10월부터 1997년 12월까지 급성 호흡기 감염을 주소로 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과 외래를 방문하여 급성 호흡기 감염으로 진단 받은 30명의 환자를 대상으로 sparfloxacin 100mg을 하루 2회 7일간 경구 투여한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 전체 30례 중 26례(86.6%)에서 유효한 임상적 효과가 있었으며 4례(13.4%)는 약간 유효한 임상적 호전을 볼 수 있었고 치료에 실패한 경우는 없었다. 2) 전체 30례 중 23례(73.4%)에서 균 소실과 그람 염색에서 우세하게 동정된 세균이 감소하였다. 3) 약제의 부작용으로 소화기 증상, 신장기능 장애와 신경학적 부작용은 보이지 않았으며, transaminase의 경미한 상승을 보인 1례(3.3%)가 있었으나, 치료 전의 간 기능과 비교할 때 의미는 없었다. 이상의 결과로 sparfloxacin은 기질적 폐질환을 가진 환자를 포함한 급성 호흡기 감염의 치료에 효과적이고 안전하게 사용할 수 있는 항생제로 생각한다.

  • PDF

최근 2년간 부산지역에서 급성호흡기 환자로부터 분리한 인플루엔자바이러스의 유행 양상 (Epidemiological Characterization of Influenza Virus Isolated from Acute Respiratory Illness in Busan, 2004-2005)

  • 조경순;박선미;김성준;정명주;이주연;강춘
    • 미생물학회지
    • /
    • 제43권3호
    • /
    • pp.173-178
    • /
    • 2007
  • 2004년과 2005년 동안 부산지역에서 급성호흡기환자로부터 인플루엔자바이러스를 분리 동정하여 분식한 결과, 인플루엔자바이러스분리율은 2004년도는 1869건의 호흡기 검체 중 인플루엔자바이러스 154건 중, A/H3N2형은 77.3%에 해당하는 119건, B형의 경우 35건(22.7%)으로 나타났고 A/H1N1형은 검출되지 않았다. 분리된 인플루엔자바이러스의, 2005년의 경우 1579건의 호흡기 검체 중에서 분리된 인플루엔자바이러스 19건 중, A/H1N1형은 6건(31.6%) 검출되었으며, A/H3N2형은 52.6%에 해당하는 10건, B형의 경우는 3건(15.8%)으로 나타났다. 2005년의 경우 전체적인 인플루엔자바이러스 분리율은 2004년에 비해 떨어졌으나, A/H3N2의 경우 여전히 높은 분리율을 보였으며 2004년에는 전혀 검출되지 않았던 A/H1N1이 B형보다 많이 분리되었다. 부산지역에서 분리된 바이러스의 항원형을 분석한 결과 당해연도 백신주와 동일하거나 유사하였다. 연령별 발생 분포는 0-10세 이하에서 80-90%이상을 차지하였고, 남성에 비해 여성에서 약간 높은 분리율을 나타내었다. 월별 분리율은 2004년도는 4월, 2005년도는 2월이 가장 많이 분리되었다. 인플루엔자바이러스의 대유행 주기에 임박한 현 시점에서 지속적으로 인플루엔자유행예측조사로서 조기 분리한 인플루엔자바이러스 주를 유전자 염기서열을 분석함으로써 신종 인플루엔자바이러스가 출현되는지 적극적인 감시가 필요하다.

Expression Analyses of MicroRNAs in Hamster Lung Tissues Infected by SARS-CoV-2

  • Kim, Woo Ryung;Park, Eun Gyung;Kang, Kyung-Won;Lee, Sang-Myeong;Kim, Bumseok;Kim, Heui-Soo
    • Molecules and Cells
    • /
    • 제43권11호
    • /
    • pp.953-963
    • /
    • 2020
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an infectious disease with multiple severe symptoms, such as fever over 37.5℃, cough, dyspnea, and pneumonia. In our research, microRNAs (miRNAs) binding to the genome sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 were identified by bioinformatic tools. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, and hsa-miR-196a-1-3p) were found to commonly bind to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. We also identified miRNAs that bind to receptor proteins, such as ACE2, ADAM17, and TMPRSS2, which are important for understanding the infection mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. The expression patterns of those miRNAs were examined in hamster lung samples infected by SARS-CoV-2. Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-140-3p, and hsa-miR-422a) showed differential expression patterns in lung tissues before and after infection. Especially, hsa-miR-15b-5p and hsa-miR-195-5p showed a large difference in expression, indicating that they may potentially be diagnostic biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

서울의 2008-2009년 가을, 겨울철에 유행한 소아의 하기도 호흡기 바이러스 병원체의 규명 (Identification of Viral Pathogens for Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children at Seoul During Autumn and Winter Seasons of the Year of 2008-2009)

  • 김기환;김지홍;김경효;강춘;김기순;정향민;김동수
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • 제17권1호
    • /
    • pp.49-55
    • /
    • 2010
  • 목 적 : 서울 지역의 급성 호흡기 감염의 원인이 되는 바이러스를 분석하고 임상적 특징과 비교, 분석하였다. 방 법: 2008년 9월부터 2009년 3월까지 3개 대학병원에 입원한 5세 미만의 소아의 급성하기도감염환자에서 418개의 비인두흡입검체를 채취하여, 14종 바이러스를 multiplex PCR을 통한 진단하였다. 바이러스 양성환자의 임상정보를 병원별, 시기별로 분석하였다. 결 과: 418명이 분석되었고, 연령은 평균 16.4개월, 성별비는 1.36대 1이었다. 환자들 중 56.2%에서 바이러스 양성을 보였고, RSV (35%)가 가장 많이 검출된 바이러스였으며, 다음은 hRV (22%)였으며, HBoV, ADV, hMPV, PIV1, IFV, hCoV, PIV2, PIV3가 검출되었다. 양성검체 중 21.9%에서 동시감염이 있었다. 결 론:바이러스의 지역별, 시기별 지속적인 감시가 필요하며, 급성호흡기질환을 보이는 소아의 진료에, 유행하는 바이러스의 특징을 고려해야 할 것이다.

Differential Roles of Lung Dendritic Cell Subsets Against Respiratory Virus Infection

  • Kim, Tae Hoon;Lee, Heung Kyu
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
    • /
    • 제14권3호
    • /
    • pp.128-137
    • /
    • 2014
  • Respiratory viruses can induce acute respiratory disease. Clinical symptoms and manifestations are dependent on interactions between the virus and host immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs), along with alveolar macrophages, constitute the first line of sentinel cells in the innate immune response against respiratory viral infection. DCs play an essential role in regulating the immune response by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. In the steady state, lung DCs can be subdivided into $CD103^+$ conventional DCs (cDCs), $CD11b^+$ cDCs, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). In the inflammatory state, like a respiratory viral infection, monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) are recruited to the lung. In inflammatory lung, discrimination between moDCs and $CD11b^+$ DCs in the inflamed lung has been a critical challenge in understanding their role in the antiviral response. In particular, $CD103^+$ cDCs migrate from the intraepithelial base to the draining mediastinal lymph nodes to primarily induce the $CD8^+$ T cell response against the invading virus. Lymphoid $CD8{\alpha}^+$ cDCs, which have a developmental relationship with $CD103^+$ cDCs, also play an important role in viral antigen presentation. Moreover, pDCs have been reported to promote an antiviral response by inducing type I interferon production rather than adaptive immunity. However, the role of these cells in respiratory infections remains unclear. These different DC subsets have functional specialization against respiratory viral infection. Under certain viral infection, contextually controlling the balance of these specialized DC subsets is important for an effective immune response and maintenance of homeostasis.