• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제6권6호
• /
• pp.231-239
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 치과위생사들의 일반적 특성에 따른 자기효능감, 직무만족도, 자기개발 요구도를 조사하여, 조직의 특성을 고려한 교육체계 수립에 이바지하고, 치과위생사의 자기개발 동기를 효과적으로 유발시키고자 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 20.0을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, One-Way ANOVA, t-검정을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 일반적 특성 중 연령, 병원 내 외 활동, 근무경력, 학력, 근무병원 규모가 자기효능감, 직무만족도, 자기개발요구도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 치과위생사들의 자기효능감, 직무만족도, 자기개발 동기를 향상시키기 위해서는 수준 높은 진료환경 구축 및 다양한 병원 내 외 활동에 대한 지원이 필요하고, 시대의 흐름에 맞추어 체계적인 교육프로그램 개발이 필요하다고 생각되어진다. 또한 치과위생사들도 자기효능감, 직무만족도, 자기개발을 위해 적극적인 노력이 필요하다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권10호
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 구급대원으로 활동하는 응급구조사의 표준작전절차에 대한 융복합적인 인지도와 수행도를 알고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 구급대원으로 활동하는 응급구조사 400명을 연구대상으로 표집하여 SPSS 20.0 Version을 사용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구대상자의 융복합적인 인지도는 호흡기 감염예방 부분이 가장 높았고, 손위생이 가장 낮았으며, 수행도는 치료장비 및 직원의 안전 부분이 가장 높았고, 손위생이 가장 낮았다. 인지도가 전체적으로 수행도 보다 높았다. 둘째, 일반적 특성에 따라 인지도는 연령, 성별, 상처 경험에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 수행도는 근무경력만이 유의한 차이를 보였다. 응급구조사의 융복합적인 인지도와 수행도 간에 정적 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과로 구급대원으로 활동하는 응급구조사의 표준작전절차에 관한 인지도와 수행도를 복합적으로 높이기 위해 인지도를 선행으로 한 프로그램을 지속적으로 반복 교육 시 수행도를 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.13-25
• /
• 2017

Construction projects have been observed to have problems of project delays and disruptions and the South African construction industry is not an exception. This research identified causes and effects of project delay and disruption through a desktop study. Subsequently, a questionnaire was designed and used to conduct a survey to obtain the views of the three main construction project participants - clients, consultants, and contractors. The questionnaire contains 48 causes and 13 effects of project delay and disruption identified from the desktop study. This research identified sixteen most important causes of project delay and disruption and five most important effects of delay and disruption. Sixteen most important causes were: (1) strikes, (2) rework due to errors during construction, (3) shortage of materials in market, (4) suspension of work by the client, (5) poor communication between the parties, (6) ineffective planning and scheduling of project, (7) delays in issuing working drawings, (8) mistakes and discrepancies in design documents, (9) shortage of labours and equipment, (10) delay in decision making process by the client, (11) unforeseen ground conditions, (12) unclear and inadequate details in drawing, (13) inadequate contractor's experience, (14) delay in approving changes in the scope of works, (15) delay in material delivery and (16) unacceptable quality of materials. The five major effects include: (1) create stress on contractors, (2) cost overrun, (3) time overrun, (4) poor quality of work due to rush, and (5) disputes. Furthermore, the result of this research was compared with the result of previous studies conducted in other regions of Africa in terms of causes and effects of project delay and disruption. The research concludes that numerous causes and effects of delay and disruption are limited to South African construction projects based on the comparison. The causes limited to South African construction projects include: (1) strikes, (2) suspension of work by the client (3) mistakes and discrepancies in design documents (4) delay in approving changes in the scope of works and (5) unacceptable quality of materials, while the two major effects limited to South African construction projects includes: (1) create stress on contractors and (2) poor quality of work. In conclusion, some recommendations were made in order to minimise the causes of delay and disruption identified.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.183-193
• /
• 2000

This main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of two different types of ethics education on the moral judgement of clinical nurses. One type was free discussions among nurses with given specific moral issues and the other type was discussions guided by experts on specific moral issues. The study employed a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent pre test-post test design using two different control groups. The conceptual framework of the study was derived from the Kohlberg′s Moral Development Theory (1969) and the Greipp′s Ethical Decision-Making Model (1992). The data was collected during the period of October 14 through December 15, 1998. Sample consists of 32 nurses working in the ICU who met research criteria. 16 nurses were assigned to the free discussion group and 16 nurses to the group for the guided discussion with experts group. For the pre-test, the DIT which was developed by Rest (1984) and JAND by Ketefian (1998) were used with some modification by the author. After the education, only JAND was used to assess the changes in moral judgement. The collected data was analysed using SPSS PC program. The findings are as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in their general characteristics. Only difference which was statistically significant between two groups was that realistic score on Case 3/Medical Research and Autopsy was higher in the free discussion group. 2. Hypothesis 1: "There will be a difference on the moral judgement of nurses before and after they receive an ethics education". This hypothesis was supported partially. Those who had low scores on moral judgement before the education tended to have higher scores after the education on the same issues. And, after the education, the nurses tend to give lower scores on the dilemmas they had experienced frequently at work; while giving higher scores on those dilemmas they had no prior experience. 3. Hypothesis 2: "The effect of education may differ depended upon the moral development index [P(%)] score of nurses". The effect of education was different depend on moral development level. The group who′s P(%) scores was low at the pretest has higher scores in realistic moral judgement after the education, while the groups with middle or high P(%) scores went down after the education. These changes were statistically significant in some cases, thus, the Hypothesis 2 was partially supported 4. Hypothesis 3: "The method of ethics education will have different effects on the moral judgement of nurses". Even though several nurses attended the guided discussion stated that the education program broadend their perspectives the difference between two groups was not significant and this hypothesis was not supported. In conclusion, both types of ethics education had helped the nurses to acquire the skills to deal some nursing dilemmas. The effects of ethics education may differ according to the moral development index - P(%) score. However, because of some of the limitations of this study, mainly small sample size, short term education, unable to control other variables which may affect moral judgement of nurses, further research is warranted.er research is warranted.

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.319-336
• /
• 1997

This study was done to identify the reality in doing the intradermal skin test of injectional antibiotics and to serve a basis to the clinical and educational situations. For the study, the survey was done to the staff nurses who are working at one of the selected 39 hospitals in the capital area, from January 6 to Feburary 8 in 1997. The data analysis was done by mean, standard deviation, Fisher's exact test, t-test, ANOVA through running SAS computer program. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The dilution ratio of the antibiotics was mostly 1 : 10 regardless of what kind of antibitics. Making the contrast was done only for the suspended to the antibiotics. Mostly the reaction was detected after 15 to 20 minutes from its diameter of redness and wheals. Most of the respondents answered they do the intradermal skin test only once for the same antibiotics. 2. In the education on the skin test the 66.7% from the respondents had exposed to the education mostly through the new nurses orientation. The 85,4% from them answered the need of the continuous education which had a significant difference in the number of beds(p=.046). The had experiences of detecting positive reactions(98.3%), and of anaphylaxis(49.5%) which had a significant difference in experience(p=.002) and in their age groups(p=.000). 3. The averge score of the confidence on the intradermal skin test was 3.32 form 4-point scale. Also it had a significant difference from the number of beds(p=.010), the year of experiences(p=.016), and their age groups(p=.046). 4. From the general characteristics of respondents, the injection methods had a significant difference in the amounts of injection, whether adopting the contrast pairing, and the repeatable skin tests for the same antibiotics. 5. Only 15 from 39 hospitals had their protocol about the intradermal skin test provided by nursing department which differs in its contents from that provided by the medical information center. From the results of the study, it is suggested that the continuous education on the intradermal skin test and its unified protocol should be provided. Also it is recomended that the drug manufacturer should notice about its anaphylactic cautions and pack its extra skin test use.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.1-24
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find the factors affecting the bum out syndrome and its degree in terms of personal, organizational and clients characteristics, and then to find the ways to reduce or eliminate those factors. The 228 doctors and the nurses who worked at the emergency departments in 6 general hospitals with more than 700 beds in Seoul were surveyed from April 15, 2002 for 15 days. A structured self-recording questionnaire was used; the t-test and ANOVA was used to analyse the median difference between the occupation, and multiple regression was employed to find the factors affecting the bum-out syndrome. The summary of this research analysis is as follows : First, of several variables, the highest frequency of the burn-out was the emotional burn-out followed by lack in personal touch toward the patients, decrease in sense of personal achievement. These results indicate that the doctors and nurses in emergency departments experience higher degree of burn-out than the social workers and the nurses who work at other departments in heath care environment as other studies revealed. Second, the analysis of the total burn-out factors showed the lower self respect, younger age, heavier work load, higher dissatisfaction rate toward remuneration and not-so-smooth relationship with the patients and their relatives the higher burn out rate. These variables explained 54% of the total variables. Third, the nurses experienced more burn-out syndrome than the doctors. The degree of self-respect, work pattern, relationship with the clients, age and remuneration were the causes of the burn-out. The doctors recorded lack in personal touch toward the patients more, while the nurses more to emotional exhaustion. The limitations of this research are the subjective answers of the respondents to certain questions and differences in sample numbers of each hospital in which some reservation can be exercised in explaining statistical significance of the data, and generalizing the conclusion. Despite of its limitation, this research has its own merit as an unpreceded research in this field, and provision of the basic materials to prevent and find causes of the burn-out syndrome among the doctors and nurses in the emergency departments.

• 산업진흥연구
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2020

사회적 협동조합의 공공 이익 사명으로 공공의 이익을 생산하는 제품과 서비스를 통해 직접 수행된다는 경제적·사회적 목적 실현을 위해서 긍정적으로 노력하고 있는 사회적 협동조합이 꾸준히 확대되고 있다. 본 연구는 사회적 협동조합의 국제 현황, 국제 사례를 살펴보고, 선진국 사례를 중심으로 문제점과 대안을 제시한다. 지속가능한 경제 성장을 위하여 필요한 문제를 해결해야하면서도 사회에서 요구하는 점에 대한 해결책을 모색하고자 하였다. 이러한 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 이탈리아, 캐나다, 프랑스 등의 선진국 사회적 협동조합 현황을 정리하고 비교·분석하였다. 연구 결과 이탈리아, 프랑스, 캐나다의 협동조합이 주는 시사점으로는 첫째, 사회적 문제와 지역사회의 고용과 일자리 같은 현안에 협동조합의 원칙을 지켜야 하며 둘째, 협동조합의 초기 안정과 지속적인 성장을 위한 자금조달 제도를 검토하고 지원금융체제를 확립하여야 하고 셋째, 협동조합과 관련한 법제도와 협동조합을 지원하고 육성할 수 있는 네트워크 조직의 육성 등 협동조합의 생태계가 조성되어야 하는 것이다.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.56-76
• /
• 2013

직원들의 긍정적인 조직행동을 이끌어야 하는 의무가 있는 호텔 산업에서 심리적 계약 모델을 확장시켜야 할 필요성이 제기되었다. 이 연구는 심리적 계약위반을 인지된 계약위반과 경험된 계약위반으로 나누어, 인지된 계약위반의 하위 개념들이 경험된 계약위반으로 전이되는지와 경험된 계약위반이 호텔직원의 조직행동에 영향을 미치는지를 구조모형방정식을 이용하여 규명하였다. 특 1급 호텔 근무자를 대상으로 하여, 178부의 설문이 최종 분석에 이용되었으며 데이터 분석을 위해 SPSS 19.0과 AMOS 4을 이용한 구조모형방정식을 통해 연구가설의 유의성을 측정하였다. 연구 결과로, 긍정적인 업무관계와 교육과 커리어 개발과 같은 관계지향적인 계약의 위반은 경험된 계약 위반에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 임금과 복리후생과 같은 거래지향적 계약위반은 경험된 계약위반에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 높은 이직의도, 낮은 직무만족과 개인 조직 적합성을 포함한 조직행동은 경험된 계약위반에 의해 영향을 받았다. 결과적으로, 인지된 계약위반은 부분적으로 경험된 계약위반으로 전이되며 호텔 관리자는 계약항목을 명료화 하고 부합되지 못한 계약 등에 대하여 대응할 준비를 할 필요가 있다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.297-308
• /
• 2003

Face-bow is used to transfer models to the articulator in diagnosing the patient or treating problems associated with occlusion. However, there have been few reports on the reliability of the face-bow procedure and the relationship between the experience of the operator and the reliability of the face-bow procedure. The purposes of this study are to examine the reliability of the face-bow procedure and to evaluate whether the face-bow transferring has any training effect. Nine dentists working at M hospital conducted a face-bow transfer in one patient having a normal dentition and interdental relationship. The procedure was done two times a week for four weeks. The maxillary model was mounted to the articulator every time, then the landmarks on the maxillary right first molar, the maxillary left central incisor, and the maxillary left first molar were measured with a special three-dimensional instrument. These data were input into a computer, and evaluated statistically. The results were as follows ; 1. When examined with ANOVA test, the results were p=0.2040 in maxillary right first molar, p=0.0578 in maxillary left incisor, and p=0.1433 in maxillary left first molar. There was no significant(0< $p{\leq}0.05$). 2. Training 1) The correlation coefficient between trial and rejection was -0.578 when analyzed with T-distribution. The more we tried, the less errors we found. 2) When the S.D. of the first three trials was compared to the S.D. of the last three trials in face-bow transfer, the results showed that the former was larger than the latter in thirty-nine times, and the latter was larger than the former in fifteen times. The more we tried face-bow transfer, the less errors we found. 3. When the S.D. of x, y, z coordinates were examined, the S.D. of x coordinates had the largest measurement in five times, the S.D. of y coordinates had the largest measurement in four times, and the S.D. of z coordinates had the largest measurement in nine times. The possibility which the error can occur in z coordinate was the highest.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2012

목적 : 본 연구는 감각통합치료 세팅에서 일하는 작업치료사의 직무만족도와 이와 관련된 요소들을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 현재 감각통합치료 세팅에서 근무하는 대한감각통합치료학회 회원 중 62명을 대상으로 2009년 12월 ~ 2010년 3월까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결과 : 일반적 특성에 따른 직무의 전체만족도는 35세 이상 그룹이 가장 높았고, 감독만족도는 감각통합치료학회 치료과정을 이수한 그룹이 가장 높았다. 임금만족도는 35세 이상, 임상경력 12개월 미만 그룹이 가장 높았고, 승진 만족도는 25세 미만 그룹이 가장 높았고, 동료만족도는 여성이 남성보다 높았다. 업무환경에 따른 직무의 전체만족도는 치료사 수가 5~10명 미만, 사설기관 그룹이 가장 높았다. 감독만족도는 일주일 치료 평균시간이 45시간 이상, 사설기관 그룹이 가장 높았고, 임금만족도는 치료사수가 15명 이상 그룹에서 가장 높았고, 100~150만원 미만 그룹이 150~200만원 미만그룹보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았다. 치료사 수가 5~10명 미만인 그룹이 승진만족도와 기관 만족도가 가장 높았고, 이직 의도는 장애전담어린이집 그룹이 가장 높았다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과를 통해 조직규모와 근무기관의 형태는 직무만족도에 크게 영향을 미치는 요소임을 알 수 있었다. 직무만족도 향상을 위한 직무환경 개선은 조직규모에 따라 다른 관점의 접근이 필요하며, 근무기관의 형태에 따른 작업치료사의 전문성과 역할 정립을 통해 직무만족도를 향상시킬 수 있을 것이다.