• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2008

The optimum extraction conditions of green tea used for a bath were investigated for application to textiles. The stability of the extracts and content of active ingredients were analyzed as well. The extraction was more effective in water and methanol than in ethanol. The optimum extraction temperature was determined as $80^{\circ}C$ in water and $60^{\circ}C$ in methanol. The solid extracts were obtained about 7% in water and 9% in methanol on the weight of dry green tea. The extracts were more stable in acid and neutral conditions than in alkaline region. From the analysis of contents of active ingredients, about 20% of effective catechins was appeared to be contained in the extract solid, which was thought to be available for application to textiles.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.392-400
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the physiological activity and antibiosis of mulberry powder by extract method. The total phenol content of mulberry powder extracted with methanol was 82.9 mg/g, while that of powder extracted with water was 46.9 mg/g. Extractions with methanol were therefore more effective than with water. The total flavonoid contents of mulberry powder extracted with methanol was 13.0 mg/g, while that of powder extracted with water was 9.4 mg/g. Also, the nitrite-scavenging ability of mulberry powder was lower than ascorbic acid and BHT. The SOD-like activity of mulberry powder extracts, natural antioxidant, and artificial antioxidant at 5 mg/mL arranged in order of decreasing concentration were ascorbic acid (98.3%) > BHT (88.1%) > water extract (9.8%) > methanol extract (3.0%). And, the OH radical scavenging activities of mulberry powder extracts and natural antioxidant at 5 mg/mL in order of decreasing concentration was ascorbic acid (97.0%) > methanol extract (46.2%) > water extract (35.8%). The antimicrobial effects of mulberry powder extracted with methanol could be detected on Bacillus cereus ($10,000{\mu}g/disc$) and Staphylococcus aureus ($10,000{\mu}g/disc$).

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

노니 부정근 유효성분의 효율적인 추출조건을 규명하고자 용매 종류, 물과 메탄올의 비율(물, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100%), 추출시간 및 추출방법을 달리하여 실험을 진행하였다. 안트라퀴논, 페놀성 화합물 및 플라보노이드의 용매별 추출한 결과 1시간 동안 초음파 추출 시 60-80% 메탄올에서 효과적이었으며, 환류냉각 추출기로 2시간 추출 시 80% 메탄올에서 효과적이었다. 노니 부정근의 유효성분에 대한 추출방법 및 시간에 따른 추출효율을 비교하기 위하여 교반추출, 환류냉각추출, 초음파추출, 균질기추출, 초고압추출, 침지추출을 실시하였다. 페놀성 화합물은 초음파추출에서 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며 안트라퀴논과 플라보노이드 함량은 환류냉각추출에서 가장 높게 나타났다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.88-91
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 Nannochloropsis oceanica로부터 바이오디젤 원료유로 활용하기 위한 미세조류 오일을 추출하였다. 용매추출법을 이용하여 오일을 추출하였으며, 미세조류의 건식 및 습식 조건에서 오일 추출률(yield) 및 오일 추출 효율(efficiency)을 비교하였다. N. oceanica는 지방산 함량이 317.8 mg/g cell으로 건조중량 대비 30% 이상의 높은 오일함량을 나타내었으며, 미세조류의 건식 조건에서 습식 조건보다 높은 오일 추출률을 나타내었다. 사용된 용매에 대해서 헥산 < 헥산-메탄올 < 클로로포름-메탄올 순으로 오일 추출률이 증가하였다. 그러나 추출된 오일의 지방산 함량을 분석한 결과, 오일 추출률이 증가할수록 지방산 함량은 감소하여 엽록소와 같은 불순물을 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 오일 추출률과 지방산 함량을 고려한 오일 추출 효율은 건식 조건에서 헥산-메탄올 이용 추출에서 82.6%의 가장 높은 효율을 나타내었고, 습식 조건에서는 클로로포름-메탄올 이용 추출에서 88.0%로 가장 높은 효율을 나타내었다. 따라서 경제적으로 미세조류의 건조가 가능한 경우에는 헥산-메탄올을 사용하고, 건조 비용이 높은 경우에는 습식 조건에서 클로로포름-메탄올을 사용한 용매추출법이 바람직하다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.638-648
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• 2004

In many drinking water treatment plants, chlorination process is one of the main techniques used for the disinfection of water. This disinfecting treatment leads to the formation of haloacetic acid (HAAs). In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was studied as a possible alternative to liquid-liquid extraction for the analysis of HAAs in drinking water. The method involves direct derivatization of the acids to their methyl esters without methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) extraction, followed by HS-SPME with a $2cm-50/30{\mu}m$ divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber. The effects of experimental parameters such as selection of SPME fiber, the volume of sulphuric acid and methanol, derivatization temperature and time, the addition of salts, extraction temperature and time, and desorption time on the analysis were investigated. Analytical parameters such as linearity, repeatability and limit of detection were also evaluated. The $2cm-50/30{\mu}m$-divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber, sulphuric acid of 1ml, methanol of 3ml, derivatization temperature of $50^{\circ}C$ derivatization time of 2hrs, sodium chloride salt of 10g, extraction time of 30 minutes, extraction temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and desorption time of 1 minute at $260^{\circ}C$ were selected as the optimal experimental conditions for the analysis of HAAs. The linearities ($r^2$), relative standard deviations (%RSD) and limits of detection (LOD) for HAAs were 0.9978~0.9991, 1.1~9.8% and $0.05{\sim}0.2{\mu}g/l$, respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2008

Artichoke extracts are widely used alone or in association with other herbs for embittering alcoholic and soft drinks and to prepare herbal teas or herbal medicinal products in Viet Nam. The objective of this paper was a screening of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds content in the parts of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) as flowers, leaves, roots, trunks, stumps, The total phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the parts of artichoke were extracted among 3 extraction methods as methanol extraction (EM1), mixing methanol and water method (EM2) and water extraction method (EM3). Total phenolic compounds and flavonoids were determined by UV/VIS, HPLC techniques. The apigenin 7-O-glucosides, cynarin, narirutin, gallic acid, caffeic acid were found as the main flavonoids constituents in all parts of artichoke. It showed that value of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids by EM3 were higher than that of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids by EM1 and EM2. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed that total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, obtained by these convenient extraction methods, may show the quick efficacy of artichoke in all respects of their quality and quantity.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.583-588
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• 2017

This study examined the antioxidant and neuronal cell protective effects of the water and methanol extracts of Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. The total polyphenol content was significantly higher in the methanol extract than in the water extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity in the water extract was similar to Vit. C at a concentration of $100{\sim}200{\mu}g/mL$. The ABTS radical scavenging activity in the water and methanol extract was similar to Vit. C at a concentration of $800{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity in the methanol extract was similar to Vit. C at a concentration of $800{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging and (SOD)-like activity increased with increasing extract concentration. In a cell viability using MTT, the water extract (50 and 100 ppm) and methanol extract (100 ppm) had a protective effect against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity.The result ssuggest that the extract of E. caryophyllata Thunb. has antioxidant activities and may be useful for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.491-501
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• 2002

A cross-examination between KT&G Central Research Institute and Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control was carried out in order to select optimum conditions for extraction, separation and determination of ginsenosides in red ginseng and to propose a better method for the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides. The optimum extraction conditions of ginsenosides from red ginseng were as follows: the extraction solvent, $70\%$ methanol; the extraction temperature, $100^{\circ}C;$ the extraction time, 1 hour for once; and the repetition of extraction, twice. The optimum separation conditions of ginsenosides on the SepPak $C_{18}$ cartridge were as follows: the loaded amount, 0.4 g of methanol extract; the washing solvents, distilled water of 25 ml at first and then $30\%$ methanol of 25 ml; the elution solvent, $90\%$ methanol of 5 ml. The optimum HPLC conditions for the determination of ginsenosides were as follows: column, Lichrosorb $NH_2(25{\times}0.4cm,$ 5${\mu}m$, Merck Co.); mobile phase, a mixture of acetonitrile/water/isopropanol (80/5/15) and acetonitrile/water/isopropanol (80/20/15) with gradient system; and the detector, ELSD. On the basis of the optimum conditions a method for the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides were proposed and another cross-examination was carried out for the validation of the selected analytical method conditions. The coefficient of variances (CVs) on the contents of ginsenoside-$Rg_{1}$, -Re and $-Rb_1$ were lower than $3\%$ and the recovery rates of ginsenosides were $89.4\~95.7\%,$ which suggests that the above extraction and separation conditions may be reproducible and reasonable. For the selected HPLC/ELSD conditions, the CVs on the detector responses of ginsenoside-Rg, -Re and $-Rb_1$) were also lower than $3\%$, the regression coefficients for the calibration curves of ginsenosides were higher than 0.99 and two adjacent ginsenoside peaks were well separated, which suggests that the above HPLC/ELSD conditions may be good enough for the determination of ginsenosides.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.413-423
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• 2013

Chlorophyll is an abundant pigment found in all green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. This study uses methanol, acetone and water to extract spinach and mate powders in order to examine the possibility of dyeing animal fibers with chlorophyll without chemical alteration. It was shown that methanol extracts of spinach and mate powders can be effectively used to dye wool and silk fabrics if the extract is mixed with water by methanol:water 65:35 v/v. Compared to methanol extract, the acetone extract showed lower chlorophyll yield and lower dye uptake. Water was not an appropriate solvent for chlorophyll extraction and dyeing. Spinach powder showed a higher dye uptake than mate powder due to the higher chlorophyll content than mate powder. It is possible that the chlorophyll dyeing of wool and silk fabrics is due to the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxy amino acids in fiber and the carbonyl groups of chlorophyll. These carbonyl groups are on the heterocyclic ring and the methyl and ethyl side chains of chlorophyll.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2021

The antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated from the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill were examined. As a result of measuring the yields of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol, and water fractions, the extraction yield of fraction was 18.60, 3.38, 24.03, 7.75, 8.11 and 62.57%, respectively. The total polyphenol content of the methanol extract of Saururus chinensis Baill was 13.40, 4.62, 7.39, 31.24, 25.76 and 5.64 mg GAE/g, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 20.81, 5.47, 10.15, 22.63, 19.68 and 21.06 ug/mL, respectively, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC_50%) results were 15.81, 2.69, 8.84, 12.80, 3.70 and 3.39 ug/mL. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity scavenging activity measurement (IC_50%) showed 33.63, 8.88, 16.93, 32.84, 33.79, and 33.71 ug/mL in methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fractions, respectively. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the solvent fraction fractionated with the methanol extract of 300 sec was measured for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate butanol, and water fraction, respectively, 15.85, 10.84, 15.74, 24.90, 2.58 and 35.70%.