• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.665-674
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• 2014

An analysis of the components of clay mineral before and after coloration (XRF) showed that the elements involved in coloration are Fe, Cr, and Ni. Fe accounts for 65% of coloring components on dyed fabric; in addition, Cr and Ni also affect coloring. The optimal coloration condition was to repeat the process of immersing the cotton fabric in $80^{\circ}C$ slurry of 8g of clay mineral to 1g cotton for 60 minutes, dry it for 24 hours and rinse three times. Especially, as the repetition of coloration increased, the $(K/S)_{440}$ value of sample A increased from 1.0 to 2.5, and sample B increased from 1.0 to 1.6. The effect of the repeated process on coloration was significant; consequently, the rinsing and drying process were important to decrease the coloration level. It also showed excellent results in regard to color fastness to washing, light, rubbing, perspiration, and antibiotic effect.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2008

Hot water is used by having a wash, dishes, taking tub and drinking water in residential buildings, and the use objective is to raise comfort of human body sense, washing and sterilization effect and so on. Cold & hot water supply system is understanded simpler than HVAC systems relatively, so it is true that pace of performance improvement is slower than other systems for plan and technical development. In this study, the performance evaluations are conducted under the condition of composition ratio by 1:1 for cold & hot water supply manifold system using functionally complex valves such as constant flow regulating valve and 3-way mixing valve in the area of $105.6m^2$ apartment which consist of the largest part of the whole apartment. Also, flow rate related to simultaneous use of faucets and change of hot water temperature are compared with the existing method.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.548-560
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate purchasing behavior of jeans consumers and to find differences in jeans evaluative criteria according to consumers' characteristics. Male and female university students participated in the study. Quota sampling method was used to collect the data. Data from 492 questionnaires were used for the statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, ANOVA, Duncan test, and t-test were conducted. Three factors of jeans evaluative criteria classified (i.e., external criteria, internal/aesthetic criteria, internal/quality criteria). Results indicated that most of respondents put on jeans wear more than three times per a week and 38.1% of respondents reported that they owned three to four jeans products on average. Department store was the most used place to buy jeans product with 44.2%. 27.5% of respondents spent from 50,000 won to 100,000 won on purchasing jeans. Style was the highest important jeans evaluative criterion with 36.2%, followed by fitness, price, color, condition of washing treatment. Women respondents considered aesthetic criteria and quality criteria more importantly than men did. Respondents who were on a high income and spent more than 200,000 won per a month on apparel more concerned aesthetic criteria and external criteria than the other respondents did. Results of this study provide a basis for understanding jeans consumers' purchase behavior and evaluative criteria.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.381-386
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• 2007

Hollow fibers were made using the nickel slurry containing nickel particles and polymers by phase inversion method. And then, metallic filters were fabricated by sintering method at $1,150^{\circ}C$ under reduction condition. Metallic microfiltration membranes were prepared by coating nickel particles on the metallic filter. The properties of the metallic hollow fiber filters and microfiltration membranes such as pore size and strength were investigated. The metallic membrane showed good resistance against acid, base and chlorine. It was observed that the membrane exhibited good recovery rate by back washing.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.59-68
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• 2007

This study examined knowledge and hair care behaviors of hair and scalp on UV(ultraviolet) comparing beauty care major and non-major female students. Results were obtained by questionnaire in 159 students majoring in beauty care and 198 students not majoring, was used frequency analysis, varimax rotation, t-test, F-test, Tukey post test. The analysis was statistically processed by using SPSS 12.0 program. The knowledge of hair and scalp on UV associated with a major showed significant on hair damage, in the UV, hair, scalp, hair damage, and UV and hair-related items, suggesting higher level in major female students. The results of care behaviors of UV and hair and scalp knowledge associated with a major. Correlation of care behaviors with a major showed significant results. For correlation by subfactor, there was significant difference in self-care, habitual care, and washing care between two groups, but there was no significant difference in protection care. It was found that both major and non-major students did not receive professional care.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.529-532
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• 2006

In this study, recently it has to be solved urgently the unbalance of demand and supply about the fine aggregate because the sea sand is restricted by exhaustion of river sand and intensification of environmental law. In this background, manufacturing technology which can produce recycled sand from construction and demolition waste concrete mass is developed. However, the existed washing method has the problem which not only impurities but also many other things make poor quality. Therefore, it tries to conform in time necessity, the objective of this study is to develop the Sand Flux system which can product the high-quality recycled sand from wast concrete and high value-added technology of the high-quality recycled sand as basic materials for mortar and concrete. At the same time it will be able to improve the quality of recycled sand products as an experiment of the physical nature and a quality present condition the products of recycled sand from construction waste.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.195-209
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• 2014

This study aimed to identify the preferred jeans design and needed improvements through survey research aimed at men aged 20~29. In order to identify the current wearing trends and problems of jeans, the study carried out survey research aimed at men in their twenties who had purchased and worn jeans. As a result of survey research aimed at consumers, it was discovered that fit was deemed most important during the purchase of jeans. As to the question which type of slacks was worn most frequently, the answer was slim type jeans. Regarding body parts that became the selection standard during the purchase of jeans, the answer was thigh and waist. The body parts that showed the lowest assessment result appeared to be thigh circumference, waist measurement, slacks length, and slacks bottom. To a question asking about things to be repaired and to be improved, they replied that there were problems in measurement fit, dissatisfaction with materials, and washing and management.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.437-443
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• 2006

The Water usage is relationship which is close with the administrative cost from industrial facility. It is not easy to reduce a water usage. This research is the optimization of the waste water quantity which process waste water integration of the standard thermal power plant in system operate time. The turbine rotates by force of the steam and it produces an electricity. Demineralization Water is manufacture purity manufacturing equipment and it is supplied in power plant channel. We knew a possibility of reducing from pure control process. When it is reduced the Back Washing time, Rinsing time of the gravity filter and the activated carbon filter. Also, It is possible even from regeneration phase in Condensate Polishing Demineralization System. In addition, There is also the water which the drain of the sampling water for watching the condition of power plant process will be able to use. Integrates these processes it will be able to reduce an annual 30,000 ton degree. The research is want to use the fundamental data for the water curtailment of the power plant.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of the neutral extract (NE) prepared by treating P. radiata bark with aqueous NaHCO3 solution as a natural dyestuff. Silk and cotton fabrics were dyed at four different NE concentrations, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0% o.w.b. (on the weight of bath). The fabric to liquid ratio of 1 : 50, dyeing temperature of 90℃, and dyeing time of 90 min were used as the fixed condition. The appropriate NE dyeing concentration of silk and cotton fabrics was 1.5% o.w.b. Colors of the dyed silk and cotton fabrics were brown and light brown, respectively. From colorfastness assessment, both dyed silk and cotton showed good washing and rubbing fastness, but poor light fastness. NE dyed fabrics exhibited excellent ammonia deodorization property and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore, NE of P. radiata bark could have the potential for use as a functional brown dyestuff.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

Purpose: During the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak, mask-wearing is required to protect against and limit the spread of infection, but it can directly affect skin problems. Change in skin condition might be related to mental health. This study explored the association between skin conditions and behavior of skin cares and stress levels during the Covid-19pandemics. Research design, data and methodology: A survey was conducted on 516 adults who were aware of damaged skin due to continuous wearing of masks for a long time during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study included 164 men and 352 women in the Republic of Korea. Results: Skin conditions and behavior of skin cares associated with stress perceptions. A multiple linear regression model was used adjusting for potential confounder. Conclusion: Since management so far in the COVID-19 Pandemic can cause skin concerns and change the original skin type, it is necessary to redefine and improve the use of skin care, face-washing methods, and functional cosmetics. People with high and low interest in skin type recognition and management were evenly identified, and it was confirmed that stress awareness decreases as awareness of skin care attitude increases.