• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

Though they have advantages in terms of aesthetic in modern architecture, however, rectangular-shaped towers causes being short of natural light due to deep interior space. There are compromised attempts to take advantages of each building shape selectively. As a result, we now witness the advent of Y-shaped, T-shaped, V-shaped and ㅈ-shaped buildings on the market. The mutative type of apartment houses usually faces southwest or southeast, which has lot of daylighting availability but anyhow, the proportion of the apartment houses which have a full south aspect. The need to verify the potential of daylighting in new building-block shapes exists. At the same time, the expansion of balcony area was legalized and thus, a visual buffer area does not exist any more. All-glass window wall on apartment houses without a balcony produces pretty harmful area with direct sunbeam. Recently, the refurbished version of conventional windows has been developed for the purposed of minimizing energy loss occurred around windows. This research initialized a series of research to deal with almost all on window wall for apartment houses. First of all, huge amount of already-designed examples of apartment houses have been analyzed in terms of floor plan, elevation, orientation and glazing materials.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2018

Background: In this paper, the relationship between the Cranio-Vertebral Angle (CVA) and the vital capacity in each position is reviewed, and the vital capacity in the position is studied. Methods: This study targeted 20 non-smoking female students of U university, which is located in Gyeongju-si. To review the Forward Head Posture (FHP) of each subject, CVA was measured, and FVC, FEV1, and FEF (25-75%) were measured and analyzed using a spirometer. Subjects were ordered to exhale three times with ease and then inhale up to their total lung capacity. After then, they were requested to exhale longer than six seconds. Then the inspiration and expiration were repeated. The measurement was executed in three positions, including supine, prone, and sitting. In each position the measurement was repeated twice, and a one-minute break was given between each cycle, so it was measured six times in total. SPSS 14.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data. The subjects' general properties were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the correlation between the angle and the respiration variable result in each position was analyzed. The result of the respiration variable in each position was analyzed using the one-way ANOVA, and then a Scheffe post-hoc comparison was executed. Results: According to the analysis result of the correlation between the angle and respiration variable in each position, the sitting position and FEF (25-75%) showed a positive correlation (P<0.05). The respiration variable in each position showed a significant difference in FVC (p<0.05), and the Scheffe post-hoc comparison differed in prone and sitting positions. Conclusion: To increase the FVC of FHP patients, different exercises for each position can be applied, and the result of this study can be utilized as background data for further research.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to clarify correlation between en route distance and role time on call received hours. Methods: Data on en route distance(dependent variable), role time(independent variable) from 387 prehospital care reports documented by EMS in Kyonggi Provincial Fire and Disaster Headquarters and Seoul Metropolitan Fire and Disaster Department between 21 and 10 June 2010 were randomly chosen for simple regression analysis using Windows SPSS 12. OK. This analysis was conducted nine times on unit hour divided to eight call received and overall. Results: Statistically significant regression equations( Y=2.414+1.206X for 09:00~11:59, Y=3.753+.662X for 12:00~14:59, Y=2.215+1.458X for 15:00~17:59, Y=2.600+.822X for 21:00~23:59, Y=5. 445+.263X for overall) were derieved from the data. Conclusion: These equations having linear relationship may be utilized as a method for system status management to effectively response to emergency call.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.93-95
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• 2016

최근 물동량 하락으로 인해 선박의 에너지 절감에 대한 선주들의 관심이 모아지고 있다. 선박용 HVAC은 선박 구조상 거주구역이 수밀형 창문으로 구성되고 폐쇄적이기 때문에 승무원의 쾌적한 환경 조성을 위해 사용된다. 또한 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 승무원들의 쾌적함에 대한 요구는 더욱 강해지고 있어 HVAC의 기능 향상이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 변풍량 방식의 선박용 HVAC 구조를 사용하여 HVAC 제어기능 향상 및 에너지를 절감할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.1037-1054
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• 2016

Structural parameter evaluation and external force estimation are two important parts of structural health monitoring. But the structural parameter identification with limited input information is still a challenging problem. A new simultaneous identification method in time domain is proposed in this study to identify the structural parameters and evaluate the external force. Each sampling point in the time history of external force is taken as the unknowns in force evaluation. To reduce the number of unknowns for force evaluation the time domain measurements are divided into several windows. In each time window the structural excitation is decomposed by orthogonal polynomials. The time-variant excitation can be represented approximately by the linear combination of these orthogonal bases. Structural parameters and the coefficients of decomposition are added to the state variable to be identified. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is augmented and selected as the mathematical tool for the implementation of state variable evaluation. The proposed method is validated numerically with simulation studies of a time-invariant linear structure, a hysteretic nonlinear structure and a time-variant linear shear frame, respectively. Results from the simulation studies indicate that the proposed method is capable of identifying the dynamic load and structural parameters fairly accurately. This method could also identify the time-variant and nonlinear structural parameter even with contaminated incomplete measurement.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

This paper focused on the daylighting performance of residential high-rise buildings in South-Korea. the purpose of this study is to estimate the visual environment of sunlight coming into opening according to sky conditions, orientation of windows and each space of Apartment buildings. Season of the year, weather, and time of day combine with predictable movement patterns of the sun to create highly variable and dynamic daylighting conditions. Daylighting design is usually based on the dominant sky condition and the micro-climate for the building site. There are three common sky conditions: clear sky, overcast sky, and partly cloudy sky. The clear sky includes sunshine and is intense and brighter at the horizon than at the zenith, except in the area around the sun. Daylight received within a building is directly dependent upon the sun's position and the atmospheric conditions. Easily used charts, diagrams, and software programs allow study of solar geometry for any geographic location and time of day. on the other hand, the overcast sky is characterized by diffuse and variable levels of light and has dense cloud cover over 90% of the sky. This paper was calculated by a Desktop Radiance program. The space dimensions were based on a unit module of real constructed apartment having divided into five sections such as living room, room1, room2, room3 and kitchen.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.344-362
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• 1997

The delay which is one of the quality of service parameters is considered to be a crucial factor for the effective usage of real-time audio and video streams in interactive multimedia collaborations. Among the various causes of the delay, we focus in this paper on the local delay concerned with the schemes which handle continuous inflow of encoded data from constant or variable bit-rate audio and video encoders. We introduce two kinds of implementation approaches, pull model and push model. While the pull model periodically pumps out the incoming data from the system buffer, the push model receives events from the device drivers. From our experiments based on Windows NT 3.51, it is shown that the push model outperforms the other for both constant and variable bit-rate streams in terms of the local delay, when the system suffers reasonable loads. We interpret this experimental data with M/G/1 multiple vacation queuing theories, and show that it is consistent with the queuing theoretic interpretations.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2017

The growing global interest in energy saving is particularly evident in the building sector. The transmitted solar irradiance is an important input in the prediction of the building-energy load, but it is a value that is difficult to measure. In this paper, a calculation method, for which the total horizontal irradiance that can be easily measured is employed, for the measurement of the transmitted solar irradiance through windows is proposed. The method includes a direct and diffuse split model and a variable-transmittance model. The results of the proposed calculation model are compared with the TRNSYS-simulation results at each stage for the purpose of validation. The final results show that the CVRMSE over the year between the proposed model and the reference is less than 30 %, whereby the ASHRAE guideline was achieved.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 정현파 줄무의 패턴을 이용하여 고속이면서도 정밀하게 측정체 표면의 3차원 형상을 측정하는 시스템을 구성하였다. 또한 획득영상의 위상정보 부족 영역에대하여 효율적인 위상복원 방법을 사용하여 측정효율을 높이는 방법을 제안하였고 이를 실험적으로 확인하였다. 카메라의 측정각도와 측정체의 형상에 따라 카메라에 획득되는 영상에는 필연적으로 위상 정보가 부족한 영역이 존재하며 본 논문에서는 이 영역을 추출하고 가변 크기의 위상복원 창과 가변 비율을 갖는 정규화 방법을 사용하여 위상을 효과적으로 복원함으로써 시스템의 측정 효율을 높였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2021

기존 데이터 스크램블링 기법은 랜덤한 코드를 생성한다. 이와 다르게 우리는 생성하는 코드의 밀도를 다르게 만드는 가변 밀도 스크램블링 기법을 제안한다. 먼저 코드 밀도를 다르게 만드는 조건과 방법에 대해 설명한다. 다음으로 가변 밀도 스크램블링 기법을 플래시 메모리에 적용하여 특정 셀 상태가 더 많이 발생하도록 한다. 특히 플래시 메모리의 에러율을 제한하기 위하여, 가변 밀도 스크램블링 기법은 코드의 밀도를 조절하여 모든 셀 상태 중 중간 상태를 가지는 셀 비율을 높일 수 있다. 윈도우즈와 리눅스 시스템의 데이터에 가변 밀도 스크램블링 기법을 적용하였으며, 실험 결과는 가변 밀도 스크램블링 기법이 중간과 가까운 상태를 가지는 셀의 비율을 증가시킴을 보여준다.