• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.227-230
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• 2007

The expansion of open education and the 7th revision of educational curriculum have brought big changes in the school facilities. In response to the integrated curriculum for the first and second grades of elementary school, various plans, such as open classroom, expanded classroom size, and the installation of multi-purpose space, have been attempted. However, such plans have appeared in the form of an open classroom--a uniform spatial composition. As a result, a plan for unit learning space to support the educational curriculum and activities for low grade levels is still insufficient. In the case of advanced countries, a lot of studies on space are being actively conducted to develop the creativity of children and to facilitate free-style learning, and such space is actually applied to a real educational environment. Therefore, this study will analyze the spatial composition of unit learning space for low grade level elementary schools in Korea. From the cases of advanced countries, a more concrete proposal will be suggested to diversify unit learning space for low grade levels.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 1998

In order to maximize the secretory expression of human serum albumin (HSA) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a series of HSA expression vectors were constructed with a combination of different promoters, 5' untranslated regions (5'UTR), and secretion signal sequences. The expression vector composed of the galactose-inducible promoter GALl0, the natural 5'UTR, and the natural signal sequence of HSA directed the most efficient expression and secretion of HSA among the constructed vectors when introduced into several S. cerevisiae strains. Although the major form of HSA expressed and secreted in the yeast transformants was the mature form of 66 kDa, the truncated form of 45 kDa was also detected both in the cell extract and in the culture supernatant. The level of the intact HSA protein in the culture supernatant reached up to 30 mg/l at 24 h of cultivation in a shake-flask culture but began to decrease afterwards, indicating that the secreted HSA protein was unstable in a prolonged culture of yeast.

• 한국석유지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국석유지질학회 2000년도 제7차 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.47-56
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• 2000

The northwestern part of Kyongsang Basin largely comprises interbedded sandstone and mudstone with local conglomeratic deposits in the basin margin, representing marginal alluvial fans and fluvial depositional environments. The non-marine successions are divided into successive stratigraphic units, each of which is unique in facies assemblages and architecture of sandstone bodies. Two stratigraphic units, i.e., Sinpyong-Anpyong and Jotap units are examined in terms of stratigraphic architecture and its causative processes. Detailed architectural analysis reveals that the channel systems of Sinpyong-Anyong unit were of braided patterns, whereas those of Jotap unit were dominated by small-scale bedforms. The difference in fluvial styles can be attributed to the changes in amount and caliber of sediment load and water discharge, which might have been ultimately governed by basin tectonics, climate, and base level. Along with the marked change in fluvial style, the two successive units show repeated expansions of distal, water-logged floodplains and lacustrine facies in the basal and uppermost parts of Sinpyong-Anpyong unit, where the proportion of channel sandstone bodies is relatively low. These stratigraphic intervals are succeeded by the sequences with proximal, well-drained floodplain facies and relatively coarser-grained channel sandstone bodies of higher proportion, reflecting the progradation of proximal systems (the middle part of Sinpyong-Anpyong unit and Jotap unit). The overall stratigraphic architecture can be ascribed to the fluctuations in accommodation space and sediment supply induced by repeated basin subsidence.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2007

The bacterial compositions between the dental unit water system and human saliva were characterized and compared by direct sequence analysis of 16S rDNA clone libraries. Based on the species richness estimation, bacterial diversity in the dental unit water system (DUW) was more diverse than that of the human saliva (HS). The Chaol estimates of species richness in HS and DUW samples were 12.0 and 72.4, respectively. The total numbers of OTUs observed in the combined libraries accounted for 83% (HS) and 59% (DUW) of the Chaol diversity estimate as defined at the 80% similarity threshold. Based on the sequence analysis, the phylum Proteobacteria was the major group in both clone libraries at phylum level. DUW clone library contained 80.0% Proteobacteria, 8.0% Bacteroides, 4.0% Nitrospira, 4.0% Firmicutes, 2.0% Planctomycetes and 2.0% Acidobacteria. On the other hand, human saliva (HS) clone library contained 55.5% Proteobacteria, 36.1% Firmicutes and 8.4% Bacteroides. The majority of bacteria identified belonged to phylum Proteobacteria in both samples. In dental unit water system (DUW), Alphaproteobacteria was detected as the major group. There was no evidence of the bacterial contamination due to a dental treatment. Most sequences were related to microorganisms derived from biofilm in oligotrophic environments.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to develop basic data for the design of the housing space for unit that factors in the sentiment of the residents by using aesthetic elements and expression method to search for the ways to design housing space for differentiated unit. The results are as follows: First, aesthetic elements in the aesthetic element in the unit housing space for unit can be classified into basic elements and detailed elements. Second, it is possible to classify into distortion, mixing, superposition and juxtaposition methods. Third, use of the 'material' for 'wall' is recommended when designing differentiated housing space by using basic elements. At this time, expression using the method of 'mixing' is effective for inducing differentiation. In particular, elements that can perceive the difference in time are mixed, to add on slight differentiation. Fourth, 'illumination' and 'material' are used when designing differentiated housing space by using detailed elements. Fifth, preference degree of the expression method is manifested differently depending on the selected elements. Lastly, this study conducted a study on the preference level of the aesthetic elements and expression method targeting the experts alone to differentiate the design of the residential space for unit.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2016

국내 최초로 건설된 가압경수로형 발전소인 고리1호기는 1978년 4월 첫 상업운전을 개시하였고, 2017년 6월 18일 영구정지 될 계획이다. 고리1호기에서는 사용후핵연료가 사용후핵연료저장조로 모두 이송된 이후, 계통 표면의 선량율을 감소시키기 위한 목적으로 전계통 제염을 실시할 계획이다. 이 논문에서는 해외 원전의 계통제염 사례분석을 통해 국내 최초로 시행될 예정인 고리1호기의 계통제염 운전개념을 기술하고자 하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.717-725
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• 2011

In the power system with an electric storage system that can increase utilization rate of the source of such new renewable energy, this paper introduces the approach on the daily unit commitment scheduling that determines simultaneously optimum operational condition and output of thermal generators and electric storage device. The unit commitment is one of the most important issues in economic operation and security of short-term operational plan of the power system. It is to determine on/off status of generator to minimize operational cost during the given period. The committed generator should satisfy various operational limitation such as estimated demand by system, spinning reserve condition within minimum operational cost. In order to determine on/off or charge/discharge/idle condition and output level of units and electric storage system, the MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) is suggested. The proposed approach is the mixed method between LP(Linear Programming) and IP(integer programming) which seeks the value of real number and integer that maximize or minimize function objective within given condition. The daily unit commitment problem with the electric storage system is applied to MILP algorithm through linearization and formulation process. The proposed approach is applied to the test system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2021

Central Bank authorities should carefully manage inflation rate uncertainties to achieve economic growth and development not only in the short-run but also in the long-run. Since inflation is a key macroeconomic variable, an increased understanding about its behavior is undoubtedly important. Thus, paper employs unit root with breakpoints to examine the mean reverting behavior of inflation rate in the Philippines using monthly data from 2002 to 2020. Empirically, the unit root breakpoint innovational and additive outlier tests favor the stationarity or mean reverting behavior of inflation in the Philippines. Also, results of standard unit root tests, ADF, PP, GLS-Dickey-Fuller, KPSS and NP, provide strong evidence of mean reverting processes. The mean reverting behavior of inflation rate reveals that the monetary policy using inflation targeting framework has succeeded in reducing chronic inflation persistence in the Philippines. Thus, this research supports inflation targeting policy that aims to maintain general price level stability for the Philippine economy's long-term growth and development prospects. The findings of this research remain important for the central bankers for not only providing them better understanding about the behavior of inflation rate, but also helping them formulate and implement policy reforms related to money, credit and banking.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2021

Purpose: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an important field of inpatient treatment, in which critically ill patients have been treated intensively with advanced medical technology. The level of treatment in the intensive care unit and the modernization of related facilities are important indicators of the quality of medical care. At present, when regional public hospitals are expanding frequently, reasonable planning of ICU has become an important part of medical institutions that treat ICU. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data on the net area of each unit, which can be used in ICU building planning. Methods: The investigation and analysis of the ICU were conducted in 12 medical institutions, based on theoretical analysis based on relevant guidelines and literature, and analysis of actual space composition and net area through architectural drawings. Results: This research provides basic data, such as the location relationship with other important departments, regional division, spatial composition, the relationship between main activities and regions, the composition of facilities in the region, and the area and proportions of each region. Implications: It is expected that the results of this article will provide effective reference materials for the reasonable spatial organization and effective operation of the intensive care units of ordinary public hospitals of different sizes in the future.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.209-229
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• 2024

In this study, we design a teaching unit that constructs Pascal graphs and extended Pascal triangles to explore number patterns inherent in them. This teaching unit is designed to consider the diachronic process of teaching-learning by combining Dörfler's theoretical generalization model with Wittmann's design science ideas, which are applied to the didactical practice of mathematization. In the teaching unit, considering the teaching-learning level of prospective teachers who studied discrete mathematics, we generalize the well-known Pascal triangle and its number patterns to extended Pascal triangles which have directed graphs(called Pascal graphs) as geometric models. In this process, the use of symbols and the introduction of variables are exhibited as important means of generalization. It provides practical experiences of mathematization to prospective teachers by going through various steps of the generalization process targeting symbols. This study reflects Wittmann's intention in that well-understood mathematics and the context of the first type of empirical research as structure-genetic didactical analysis are considered in the design of the learning environment.