• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.179-186
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• 2005

Girls' school uniform evaluative criteria and their uniform modification were investigated. The data were collected by questionnaire from 579 middle and high school girls living in Incheon during the fall of 2003. The uniform evaluative criteria consisted of five dimensions: aesthetics, comfort, economy, management, and status concealment factor. The uniform evaluative criteria were used to cluster the students into five groups: economic, practical, aesthetic, negative, and active. The uniform modifications were investigated in regard to sleeve length, sleeve width, breast width, jacket length, skirt length, hip width, and waist width. The aesthetic and the active groups intended to modify uniforms less in sleeve length and skirt length than the other three groups. There were significant differences in the uniform modifications among demographics: school years, height, weight, spending money, satisfaction/dissatisfaction with spending money, and clothing expenditures.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.243-247
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate school uniform image preferences and the uniform modifications of male and female high school students, and 2) to find the differences between male and female students in the uniform image preferences and uniform modifications. The subjects used for the study were 195 male and 201 female high school students. The uniform image preferences consisted of three factors: comfortable & simple, unique & individual, and intelligent & classic. The uniform modifications were measured by the modifications in jacket width, sleeve length, shoulder width, slacks(skirt) length, slacks(skirt) width, and slacks(skirt) waist length. The results showed that male and female students were different in regard to uniform image preference; male students preferred unique image than did female students in their school uniforms. In addition, male and female students differed concerning uniform modifications. Generally, female students modified uniforms more than did male students. Finally, the study compared male and female students in regard to the relationships between uniform image preferences and the uniform modifications. For male and female students, the unique image preference was significantly related to the modifications in different parts of uniform.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1001-1009
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to provide information on how to improve both the satisfaction and the current sizing system for the school summer uniform focused on middle and high school students. In order to collect the data, a questionnaire was administered to middle and high school students, and 1,153 data were analyzed. For the satisfaction of their school uniform, there were statistical differences in mean of gender in the design(upper garment) and design & activity(lower garment). On the other hand, students' evaluation of summer school uniform was significantly different in the upper garment(textile, design, activity), and lower garment(design, activity) by school age. For the evaluation of sizing fitness, the length and width of the summer upper garment(blouse/shirts) and the length and width of the summer garments( pants/skirts) were statistical differences in mean of gender or sexuality whereas there were significant differences in the summer upper garment(length, width, the length of sleeve, the width of sleeve, armhole) and the summer lower garment(length, width) by school age.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.21-27
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• 2010

The flow characteristics on a supersonic inlet with bleeding system by changing angles of attack and channel length conditions are studied by computational 3D turbulent flow analysis. A compressible upwind flux difference splitting Navier-Stokes method with $k-{\omega}$ turbulence model is used to analysis the inlet flowfield. More non-uniform flowfields are shown at the AIP when angle of attack becomes bigger and bigger. These non-uniform flowfield works the performance aggravating factors of the supersonic engine. Non-uniform flowfield by changing channel length at the various angle of attack are investigated.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.413-423
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• 2005

This paper presents the solution of large static deflection due to uniformly distributed self weight and the critical or maximum applied uniform loading that a simply supported beam with variable-arc-length can resist. Two analytical approaches are presented and validated experimentally. The first approach is a finite-element discretization of the span length based on the variational formulation, which gives the solution of large static sag deflections for the stable equilibrium case. The second approach is the shooting method based on an elastica theory formulation. This method gives the results of the stable and unstable equilibrium configurations, and the critical uniform loading. Experimental studies were conducted to complement the analytical results for the stable equilibrium case. The measured large static configurations are found to be in good agreement with the two analytical approaches, and the critical uniform self weight obtained experimentally also shows good correlation with the shooting method.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.75-83
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• 1999

To develope an efficient fire fighter’s uniform for the fire fighting work and body protection, this study examined the regulations of fire lighter’s uniform and surveyed the actual wearing conditions, satisfaction degree, preferred color and design others. The results are as follows; 1. As for the satisfaction degree, the degree was normal in ordinary, low in working uniform and heat-proof uniform and very low in water-proof uniform about its design, size, color and materials. 2. As for the color, red was preferred for the working uniform and water-proof uniform. Blue, yellow and green was preferred next for corking uniform and yellow and blue for water-proof uniform. 3. As for the design, fire fighters wanted partial revision of the present uniform. They preferred stretchy training wear style and overact style in order. For the water-proof uniform, they preferred hip-length suit and pants and next to it they liked flee-length suit, waist belt and overact in order. 4. As for the regulations of the uniform, they wanted some addition in casual uniform, water-proof pants and water-proof gloves, and some deletion in the thermal barrier of water-proof uniform and ordinary uniform. 5. As for the distribution of the uniforms, the use of coupons was highly preferred.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.8
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• pp.67-85
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• 2010

School uniform has improved greatly in terms of fit, size, function, and design due to steep competition in the market and the strong interest of researcher, while little effort has been made for physical training uniform, so the objective of this study is to provide basic research data of the training uniform for the improvement of its design and fitness. For this purpose, 327 high school girls provided information on size and design of their uniform, level of satisfaction, the recognized ease in uniform. Most students wore the physical training uniform in another classes and the long sleeved shirt were the most popular one. They often used the uniform for the protection from cold and for comfortable activeness. For a long sleeved shirt, most students preferred raglan sleeve, zip-up collar, straight waist line, and ribbed sleeve cuffs and hem. For long pants, students preferred elastic waist band and ribbed pants cuffs. Currently, the short-sleeved shirt mostly had a shirts collar, ribbed hem, straight waist line with raglan sleeve, but students wanted a round neck and set-in sleeve. For overall level of satisfaction, students showed high satisfaction in terms of function and psychological effect, while aesthetic quality of the uniform was needed to be much improved. Most students evaluated that the circumference of uniforms properly fit or had a little ease, and students considered waist size the most suitable. The long pants length evaluated properly fit or a little long. Students accepted that the ease of summer uniform was more suitable than winter uniform's both at circumference and at length. Depending on students' height distribution, the length of long pants and short pants varied significantly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.207-217
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• 2012

The function of the school uniform is to represent the role of a student and also to restrict the scope of action for the student. Many students wear school uniforms for the most of their daily life. So the school uniform is very important for students during the school days. The purpose of this study was to suggest the fundamental information for the development of the school uniform design based on actual wearing conditions and preferred designs. Photos of school uniforms of 61 girls' high schools in Seoul were analyzed. Surveys of actual wearing conditions and preferred designs were investigated. The major conclusions of the study were as the following: 1. Most of the high school girls wore the uniform jackets that had tailored collars, were single breasted, slightly fitted, and that have a medium length between the waistline and hipline. Many students wore skirts with various pleats and knee length. Many school uniforms were navy blue and grey. 2. Many students bought ready-to-wear school uniforms from agencies with their parents. When they bought the school uniforms, they tried it on and confirmed the sizes on their own. However, since they didn't know the size systems, and they had to repair the size and design of the school uniforms. Students felt uncomfortable with how the shoulders and sleeves fit. 3. Uniform Jackets with tailored collars, single breasted, slightly fitted, and a short waistline length were preferred. Pleats skirts with knee length or upper-knee length were preferred. Navy blue and grey colors, and elastic fabrics were preferred. 4. When comparing the actual wearing conditions and preferred designs of school uniforms, there were a few differences in styles, but overall, students preferred shorter lengths of jackets and skirts. It is considered to reflect the fashion trends and the students' pursuit for beauty.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.177-188
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• 2014

This research is aimed at analyzing the evaluation for the design and satisfaction/unsatisfaction of the autumn and winter school uniform targeting junior students and sophomore students at academical and vocational high schools located in Ulsan, Korea. For this research, SPSS 12.0 was used to measure the frequency and the t-test analysis of 396 data. The results of this study are as follows. The most important factor of autumn-winter school uniforms was heat-retainment. It was showed significant differences between sphere and grade. They also answered body shape' faults and figure emphasis as the most distressed factors. In the design of the school uniform, It was not show significant differences between sphere and grade. They considered the silhouette when they worn the school uniform as the most important factor. The primary factors in purchasing a uniform appeared to be price. Repair experiences after purchasing a school uniform found to count more among students. Examination about transformed parts of uniforms for the students with experiences in uniform modification showed that many students in the academic sphere modified length and width of upper wears, and length of skirt, while many students in the vocational sphere modified waist and hip. Junior grade than sophomore grade appeared to have modified in all parts.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 1978

Conditions for increasing heat transfer by increasing uniform circular fin length are investigated. When free end of the fin is not thermally insulated, correction fin length, which gives equal heat transfer from an insulated end fin, is given. Optimum design of a uniform circular fin based on the equivalent fin with insulated end is given.