• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2019

Solar hot water system produces hot water using solar energy. If it is not used effectively, overheating occurs during the summer. Therefore, a lot of research is being done to solve this. This study develops thermoelectric power module applicable to solar hot water system. A thermoelectric material can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy without additional power generation devices. If there is a temperature difference between high and low temperature, it generate power by Seebeck effect. The thermoelectric module generates electricity using temperature differences through the heat exchange of hot and cold water. The water used for cooling is heated and stored as hot water as it passes through the module. It can prevent overheating of Solar hot water system while producing power. The thermoelectric module consists of one absorption and two radiation part. There path is designed in the form of a water jacket. As a result, a temperature of the absorption part was $134.2^{\circ}C$ and the radiation part was $48.6^{\circ}C$. The temperature difference between the absorption and radiation was $85.6^{\circ}C$. Also, The Thermoelectric module produced about 122 W of irradiation at $708W/m^2$. At this time, power generation efficiency was 2.62% and hot water conversion efficiency was 62.46%.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.589-602
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• 2024

Thermoelectric generator (TEG) generally do not have high heat conversion efficiencies. The performance of a thermoelectric generator module depends on the shape of the legs as well as the properties of the material and the number of legs. In this study, the leg shapes of thermoelectric elements are modeled into various geometric structures such as cylinder and cube shaped to efficiently harvest waste heat, and the electrical characteristics are compared numerically. The temperature gradient and power generation according to the bridge shape are found to be highest at the existing Cube shape. As a result of comparing the power generation using the cooling effect, the Cone shape was the highest in natural convection and the Hourglass shape was highest in forced convection. Research results confirm that geometry can affect the efficiency of thermoelectric generators.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

This paper presents the temperature control in aluminum plate with Peltier module. From the experimental work, Peltier module is used to control the temperature of small aluminum plate for both heating and cooling with the control of current and fan ON/OFF. And current control of Peltier module was accomplished by PWM method. As a result of experiments, it is proper that operate cooling fan only while cooling duration and there exist a proper cooling current to drop temperature rapidly. It takes about 125sec to control temperature of aluminium plate between $30^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ and about 70sec between $40^{\circ}C$ and $60^{\circ}C$, in ambient temperature $28^{\circ}C{\sim}29^{\circ}C$ while cooling fan is operated only cooling duration. With the cooling current, temperature control of aluminum plate was accomplished more rapidly in comparison without cooling current. Future aim is to realize more rapid temperature control and develop SMHA(special metal hydride actuator) by using Peltier module as a heating and cooling source.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.38-38
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• 2004

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.151-166
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• 2022

Peltier cells have low efficiency, but they are becoming attractive alternatives for affordable and environmentally clean cooling. In this line, the current article develops closed-form and semianalytical solutions to improve the temperature distribution of Bi₂Te₃ thermoelements. From the distribution, the main objective of the current work-the optimal electric intensity to maximize cooling-is inferred. The general one-dimensional differential coupled equation is integrated for linear and quadratic geometry of thermoelements, under temperature constant properties. For a general shape, a piece-wise solution based on heat flux continuity among virtual layers gives accurate analytical solutions. For variable properties, another piece-wise solution is developed but solved iteratively. Taking advantage of the formulae, the optimal intensity is directly derived with a minimal computational cost; its value will be of utility for more advanced designs. Finally, a parametric study including straight, two linear, barrel, hourglass and vase geometries is presented, drawing conclusions on how the shape of the thermoelement affects the coupled phenomena. A specially developed coupled and non-linear finite element research code is run taking into account all the materials of the cell and using symmetries and repetitions. These accurate results are used to validate the analytical ones.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.90-97
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• 2021

In this study, a Bi2Te3 thermoelectric generator (TEG) was fabricated to convert unused thermal energy into useful electrical energy. For the performance test, a dedicated experiment device consisting of a heating block operating with cartridge heaters and a cooling block through which a refrigerant flows was constructed. A 3×3 array of thermocouples was mounted on the heating block and the cooling block, respectively, to derive the temperature fields and heat transfer rate onto both sides of the TEG. Experiments were conducted for a total of 9 temperature differences, obtaining V-I and P-R curves. The results of 7 variables including Seebeck coefficients that have a major effect on performance were presented as a function of the temperature difference. The feasibility of the energy recovery performance of the developed TEG was verified from the maximum power output of 7.5W and conversion efficiency of 11.3%.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.139-144
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• 2005

A rigorous research is underway in our team, for the design and development of high figure of merits (ZT= 1.5${\sim}$2.0) micro-thermoelectric coolers. This paper discusses the fabrication process that we are using for developing the $Sb_2Te_3-Bi_2Te_3$ micro-thermoelectric cooling modules. It describes how to obtain the mechanical properties of the thin film TEC elements and reports the results of an equation-based multiphysics modeling of the micro-TEC modules. In this study the thermoelectric thin films were deposited on Si substrates using co-sputtering method. The physical mechanical properties of the prepared films were measured by nanoindentation testing method while the thermal and electrical properties required for modeling were obtained from existing literature. A finite element model was developed using an equation-based multiphysics modeling by the commercial finite element code FEMLAB. The model was solved for different operating conditions. The temperature and the stress distributions in the P and N elements of the TEC as well as in the metal connector were obtained. The temperature distributions of the system obtained from simulation results showed good agreement with the analytical results existing in literature. In addition, it was found that the maximum stress in the system occurs at the bonding part of the TEC i.e. between the metal connectors and TE elements of the module.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2017

Horizontal thin-film thermoelectric cooler has been simulated using a commercial software (ANSYS Workbench Thermal-electric). The thermoelectric cooler consists of thin-film n-type $Bi_2Te_3$, p-type $Sb_2Te_3$ thermoelectric elements, and Au electrode, respectively. The hot spot was placed under the center of device which represents Joule heating. Numerical analysis was conducted by geometric variable, and a maximum temperature difference of $13^{\circ}C$ was obtained. As from the simulation parameters, we presented an optimized design for high efficiency cooling.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.249-254
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• 2018

We researched about a bulk metallic glass system as an additive to an Ag paste for high temperature thermoelectric modules. Bulk metallic glass (BMG) ribbons were produced by using a rapid solidification process (RSP) under a cooling rate condition higher than $10^{\circ}C/sec$. We investigated BMG characteristics of the ribbons by means of x-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in order to evaluate the glass transition temperature ($T_g$) and the recrystallization temperature ($T_x$) lower than $400^{\circ}C$. A milling process was also developed to apply the BMG ribbons to a commercial Al paste as an additive for lower sintering temperature.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.252-257
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• 2021

The application of the principle of trigeneration allows to simultaneously provide electricity to power electronic devices, as well as heat and cold to create the necessary microclimate of the premises and increase efficiency compared to separate cooling and heating systems. The use of Peltier thermoelectric modules (TEM) as part of trigenerative systems allows for smooth and precise control of the temperature regime, high manufacturability and reliability due to the absence of moving parts, resistance to shock and vibration, and small weight and size parameters of the system. One of the promising areas of improvement of trigenerative systems is their modeling and optimization based on the automatic control theory. A block diagram and functional model of an energy-saving trigenerative climate control system based on Peltier modules are developed, and the transfer functions of an open and closed system are obtained. The simulation of the transient characteristics of the system with varying parameters of the components is performed. The directions for improving the quality of transients in the climate control system are determined, as well as the prospects of the proposed methodology for modeling and analyzing control systems operating in substantially nonlinear modes.