• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2001

We studied the effect of aqueous extract of Magnolia officinalis bark (Magnoliaceae) (MOAE) on the immediate hypersensitivity reaction. MOAE (0.01 to 1g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis in rats. MOAE (0.1 and 1g/kg) also significantly inhibited local immunoglobulin E (lgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction. When MOAE was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1g/kg, the levels of plasma histamine were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. MOAE (0.001 to 1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) Igl. The level of cyclic AMP (CAMP) in RPMC, when MOAE was added, significantly increased compared with that of the normal control. Moreover, MOAE (0.01 to 1 mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP Igl-induced tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ production from RPMC. These results indicate that MOAE inhibits immediate hypersensitivity reaction in vivo and in vitro.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effects of low-power Helium Neon Infra Red(He-Ne IR)laser irradiation and exercise on the regeneration of experimentally cut sciatic nerve in rats. The thrity Sprague-Dawley adult mail rats were assigned to the 6 groups : normal group(1), injured control groups(2), experimental groups(3). There was made artificial injured in the sciatic nerve of rats the each experimental laser group and exercise group were treated from 3 days after being injured for the 5 minutes(laser group), 10 minutes(exercise group), and 15 minutes(exercise and laser group) everyday during 2 weeks. There were measured the changes of amplitude of compound muscle action potential and histological change by the light microscopy on the sciatic nerve injured rats. The results obtained as follows : 1. In the control groups, the regeneration were slowly and slightlly progressed to compared with the experimental groups. Inflammation were much more observed, and fibrous adhesion was also observed around the sutured region of the cut sciatic nerve. 2. The amplitude of compound muscle action potential in the experimental groups were significantly increased to the injured control groups at 1 week(p<.05). The compound muscle action potential of the exercise and lased group was significantly decreased to be similar to normal group at 2 weeks(p<.05). 3. In histologic finding, in the experimental groups were observed the proliferation of the schwann cells, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the extent of destruction at adjacent tissue were remarkably decreased on the 2 weeks. From these experimental results, it may be suggested that the laser and exercise were effected the heeling process of peripheral nerve injuried rats.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.14
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• pp.189-210
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• 2001

According to Ferber (1988), philosophy of science considerations are particularly important for an area like consumer research that seeks to be interdisciplinary. The fact that the topic is studied by so many disciplines with different research traditions immediately raises the question of how one evaluates the (often conflicting) knowledge claims of its various practitioners. Closely related to this is the issue of whether it is even possible to study the topic in a truly interdisciplinary manner or whether a multidisciplinary approach is worth trying. In fact, this issue has triggered heated debates on positivism and relativism in consumer research and a significant number of consumer researchers, though majority of them still resorts to the traditional positivist paradigm, has rejected the tenets of positivism and has turned instead to relativism as the emergent paradigm for knowledge generation. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the possibility of eclecticism between positivism and relativism in consumer research. However, self-justifying system of each research camp let any comparison or attempt to reconcile regress to the questioning of philosophical assumption, "Objective reality does exist?", which can not be resolved. As Kuhn (1970) noted, philosophy of science may be chosen for reasons that are ultimately personal and subjective. Therefore, the possibility of eclecticism may be reserved. Rather, complementarity of each research practice can be suggested to make consumer research achieve holistic disciplinary status. Both camps can get nowhere by challenging respective philosophical underpinnings but can advance knowledge on substantive and methodological domains by complementing each other.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2018

This study aims to deduce operational implication of R-WeSET program through women students in science & engineering and companies's perception and assessment on the basis of NCS key competency. The significant results are as follows. Firstly, companies and women students in science & engineering share a similar perception on importance of NCS key competencies. The programs should be reviewed and improved for women students who are truly aware of companies' needs. Secondly, the main areas of NCS key competency that are poor in companies' perception are 'positive thinking & drive', 'creativity & challenge spirit', 'communication skills' and 'problem-solving skills'. To enhance these weak skills, activating the actual programs such as "Convergence Design Camp", "Field Adaptability Improvement" and developing the new communication program are required. Lastly, most of women students have attained the satisfying result from "Field Competency Reinforcement Program". Especially, "Industry Field Training" shared the great progresses on all skills of key competency, hence why the progressive model should be developed in the future. This study figures out who's the right person for the 4th Industrial Revolution era, producing a meaningful result in order to change in the higher education system of women students and to grow human resources who will contribute to the community and company.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.3
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• pp.466-475
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational needs targeted at city dwellers with hope of migration to mountain areas. 80 city dwellers participating in the education program operated by Korea Forestry Promotion Institute were selected. Results showed that city dwellers had higher preference for the education including medium scale(20-40 persons)and the type of camp with field experience. Real experiences and knowledge and understanding of migration to rural area are the most important element of the qualifications of the program teachers. In the contents of education, city dwellers wanted the teaching programs about 'how to have forest land', 'how to produce the forest products', 'field experience' and 'forest tourism' and so on. In other words, city dwellers who wanted to move to mountain areas were interested in basic things for living. In addition, it will need to investigate people who have real experiences migrating to mountain areas and then it is necessary to discuss educational needs and supporting system helping people can settle in mountain areas.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.214-221
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• 2019

'Aram' is a soybean cultivar developed for soy-sprout. It was developed from the crossing of 'Bosug' (Glycine max IT213209) and 'Camp' (G. max IT267356) cultivars in 2007. F₁ plants and F₂ population were developed in 2009 and 2010. A promising line was selected in the F₅ generation in 2011 using the pedigree method and it was evaluated for agronomic traits, yield, and soy-sprouts characteristics in a preliminary yield trial (PYT) in 2012 and an advanced yield trial (AYT) in 2013. Agronomic traits and yield were stable between 2014 and 2016 in the regional yield trial (RYT) in four regions (Suwon, Naju, Dalseong, and Jeju). Morphological characteristics of 'Aram' are as follows: determinate plant type, purple flowers, grey pubescence, yellow pods, and small, yellow, and spherical seeds (9.9 g 100-seeds^-1) with a light brown hilum. The flowering date was the 5^th of August and the maturity date was the 15^th of October. Plant height, first pod height, number of nods, number of branches, and number of pods were 65 cm, 13 cm, 16, 4.5, and 99, respectively. In the sprout test, germination rate and sprout characteristics of 'Aram' were comparable to that of the 'Pungsannamulkong' cultivar. The yield of 'Aram' was 3.59 ton ha^-1 and it was 12% higher than that of 'Pungsannamulkong' in southern area of Korea. The yield of 'Aram' in the Jeju region, which is the main region for soybean sprout production, was 20% higher than that of 'Pungsannamulkong'. The height of the first pod and the tolerance to lodging and pod shattering, which are connected to the adaptation to mechanized harvesting, were higher in 'Aram' compared to those in 'Pungsannamulkong'. Therefore, the 'Aram' cultivar is expected to be broadly cultivated because of its higher soybean sprout quality, and seed yield and better adaptation to mechanized harvesting. (Registration number: 7718)

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic information on nutritional condition for improving performance of the national junior rowing team players(male n=17, female n=14). To attain this purpose, their body composition and energy intake situations were investigated during their three-week winter training camp. Measurement of body composition measured by the interval, and two days, and dietary intake in this study to investigate the type and amount of food, the researchers measured directly, and then refer to the record subjects to investigate the dietary intake and the adoption of a Weighing Method. The result is as follows. During training, body composition due to the high intensity training to maintain a properly balanced diet is the consumption of energy, weight and body composition has a positive influence. The male players' average energy intake is 5,951.6 kcal(72.6 kcal/kgBW, 150%), the rate of the three main nutrients, carbohydrate, fat, protein, is 72.6 : 8.7 : 18.7 respectively. For the female, the average energy intake is 3,685.6 kcal(51.8 kcal/kgBW, 121%), and the rate of the three main nutrients is 76.3 : 8.5 : 15.2. Both of male and female were taken sufficient Vitamin, mineral and other nutrient according to %RI(recommended intake). Based on the results of a survey of elite athletes and nutrition management and the systematic introduction and review of the program in conjunction with a professional nutritionist would need, and can also be applied to expand the school to the scene, the reality of the program review and development of qualified need.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.25-47
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• 2016

The 21st century is the era of knowledge and information, and also the age of education and culture. The importance of a public library, which stands in the center of the stream of the times, cannot be overemphasized. A public library is a reservoir of learning and culture as a base camp for achieving a creative economy and the flourishing of our culture. Many problems are caused with the promotion of unification of a public library administrative system coming to the fore as a large issue of library communities in poor surroundings where the public libraries don't observe the library laws and rules bottom of such a reservoir is splintered by drought, and its embankment is not solid. Accordingly, this study is aimed at suggesting the improvement plan by analyzing all arguments and problems in relation to the promotion of the administrative system unification of a public library. For this purpose, first, the study considered the developmental process of the discussion about public library unification; secondly, the points at issue and problems in public library unification are reviewed; finally, this study arranged and suggested the improvement plan related to public library unification.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2022

Background: Obesity weakens acquired immunity and causes infection. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory markers in the gingival crevicular fluid and serum and periodontal bacteria in saliva through obesity control for 4 weeks. Methods: Forty-six subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥23 kg/m² stayed in the camp for 4 weeks, followed by exercise and a low salt-low fat diet. Body size measurements, oral examinations, blood, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid were collected before and after the program. C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, and interleukin (IL)-1β in the gingival sulcus fluid were measured. After extracting bacterial genomic DNA from saliva, the presence of periodontal bacteria were detected using Taq probe. The relationship of each index before and after the program was analyzed through paired t-test and partial correlation analysis. Results: Campylobacter rectus (Cr) increased after the program, and there was no significant change in other bacteria. Serum CRP and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cr, ratio of Fn, and ratio of Cr had a positive relationship at baseline; however, the relationship was not significant after the program. Ratio of Prevotella intermedia had a positive relationship with MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-1β at baseline. Moreover, the ratio of Treponema denticola and the ratio of Tannerella forsythia showed a positive relationship with MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-1β. The relationship between the ratio of Porphyromonas gingivalis and IL-1β showed a constant positive relationship at baseline and after the program. Conclusion: Obesity control program in subjects with a BMI of ≥23 kg/m² accompanied by diet and exercise did not affect the changes in periodontal bacteria itself, but changes in the relationship between periodontal bacteria and serum CRP, the relationship between the inflammatory index in the gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal bacteria was observed.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

Humanities is one of the largest buzzword in Korea. Humanities programs are being provided indiscriminately in public authorities, universities, life-long education institutions, cultural centers, the media, museums, libraries etc. Among them, the public library is the base camp for spreading and popularizing the humanities. Nevertheless, there is also a critical views for the humanities program of public library. The purpose of this study is to discuss the discourse of the humanities banquet in theoretical positions and practical aspects. The former discussed the humanities banquet in terms of academic axioms, global macro and micro discourse, social and economic wave, the spirit cultural evolution. The latter discussed the humanities banquet at the axiom and identity of the library and humanities, pitfalls and limitations in terms of reason, paradox and the dilemma on the linkage side, inconvenient truth at the destination aspect, weaknesses and challenges in the content aspect.