Journal of dental hygiene science (치위생과학회지)

The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (한국치위생과학회)
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Relationship between Obesity, Gingival Inflammation, and Periodontal Bacteria after 4-Week Weight Control Program in 20's

  • Seo, Min-Seock (Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkang University Daejeon Dental Hospital) ;
  • Hwang, Soo-Jeong (Department of Dentistry, Doonsan Health Promotion Center)
  • Received : 2022.05.26
  • Accepted : 2022.06.08
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

Background: Obesity weakens acquired immunity and causes infection. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory markers in the gingival crevicular fluid and serum and periodontal bacteria in saliva through obesity control for 4 weeks. Methods: Forty-six subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥23 kg/m2 stayed in the camp for 4 weeks, followed by exercise and a low salt-low fat diet. Body size measurements, oral examinations, blood, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid were collected before and after the program. C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, and interleukin (IL)-1β in the gingival sulcus fluid were measured. After extracting bacterial genomic DNA from saliva, the presence of periodontal bacteria were detected using Taq probe. The relationship of each index before and after the program was analyzed through paired t-test and partial correlation analysis. Results: Campylobacter rectus (Cr) increased after the program, and there was no significant change in other bacteria. Serum CRP and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cr, ratio of Fn, and ratio of Cr had a positive relationship at baseline; however, the relationship was not significant after the program. Ratio of Prevotella intermedia had a positive relationship with MMP-9, MMP-8, IL-1β at baseline. Moreover, the ratio of Treponema denticola and the ratio of Tannerella forsythia showed a positive relationship with MMP-8, MMP-9, and IL-1β. The relationship between the ratio of Porphyromonas gingivalis and IL-1β showed a constant positive relationship at baseline and after the program. Conclusion: Obesity control program in subjects with a BMI of ≥23 kg/m2 accompanied by diet and exercise did not affect the changes in periodontal bacteria itself, but changes in the relationship between periodontal bacteria and serum CRP, the relationship between the inflammatory index in the gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal bacteria was observed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Docsmedi Research Center at Apple Tree Dental Hospital for conducting an experiment to measure periodontal bacteria in saliva, which is the most important experiment for this study. The sequences of primers and probes used for bacterial measurement are not provided in this paper because of the confidentiality of Docsmedi Research Center.

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