• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2013

This study examined the status of the vegetation around Gangcheonsan provincial park located in Sunchang-gun in Jeollabuk-do and Damyang-gun in Jeollanam-do from June 4 to October 12, 2011. Gangcheonsan vegetation was arranged 9 plant communities in accordance with data of 28 releves. Major forest vegetation included Quercus variabilis communityand Quercus variabilis-Quercus serrata community, Pinus densiflora community, and Pinus densiflora-Quercus variabilis community (evergreen coniferous forest in all), and Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis community (plantation). Wetland vegetation included Salix gracilistyla community (riverbank forests), Phragmites japonica community, and Polygonia thunbergii community. Gangcheonsan Provincial Park has beautiful scenery that is in harmony with fantastically-shaped rocks, waterfalls, and valleys and conserves a specific plant community habitat distributed through the forest wetlands including its valleys. It is necessary to conduct long-term monitoring with its focus on Pinus densiflora community, Lycoris koreana community, and Lycoris squamigera community in the provincial park to grasp the characteristics of ecological inhabit changes in major communities and provide active methods for conservation, restoration, and publicity.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.238-245
• /
• 2014

In order to create denture occlusion that is functional, comfortable and balanced, it is necessary to both determine a vertical dimension of occlusion that is in harmony with the patient's musculature and to record a relatively repeatable jaw relation position. This require clinical skill to establish an accurate, verifiable and reproducible vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and centric relation (CR). Correct vertical relation depends upon a consideration of several factors, including muscle tone, inter-dental arch space and parallelism of the ridges. Centric relation is considered to be a repeatable position from which all opening and lateral mandibular movements begin and recording this position is a critical step in the fabrication of dentures. Any errors made while taking maxillo-mandibular jaw relation records will result in denture that are uncomfortable. The purpose of this paper is to review a very simple and efficient technique for accomplishing these two important steps in denture fabrication.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.1161-1168
• /
• 2018

On April 27 2018, North-South Korea agreed to establish the practical methods for connecting the railway in the inter-Korean summit talks. This is often reported that the train will be operated directly between Busan and Europe. However, there are many problems for the railway to directly connect between Busan and Europe. Because a train from Busan to Europe should pass through North Korea, China or Russia, and each national railway systems are different. Thus, South Korean railway has to study thoroughly an interoperability before railways directly operates between a nation and another. The standards and technical harmony for direct connection with a different railway network is very important, because a rail transport is a total network system. This paper surveyed a European railway interoperability and studied on the basic direct operation for the North-South Korean railway systems.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.1191-1226
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop the evaluation criteria for the maintenance preserve of agriculture and rural heritage. The major steps for this study are 1) drafting the evaluation criteria for maintenance preservation of agriculture and rural heritage 2) verifying the evaluation criteria, and 3) determining the weighting values of the confirmed evaluation criteria. First, to derive the evaluation criteria for maintenance preservation of agriculture and rural heritage, the researcher reviewed the literature on the evaluation of agriculture and rural heritage, including research on the indexes of agriculture and rural heritage, the degree of the maintain preservation of heritage. A total of 31 evaluation criteria were selected. Second, to verify the selected 5 evaluation items and 31 evaluation indexes, the Delphi Method was implemented. Using traditional 3-step Delphi Method consisting of close-ended forms, with a panel of 41 experts, the researchers verified 5 evaluation items 31 evaluation indexes, two for each evaluation area validity. The confirmed evaluation areas are 5 items of management plan, management support system, surroundings of heritage, local network, heritage utilization and 31 criteria were preservation maintenance, performance plan, resident community composition, monitoring, act of parliament fulfillment, ecosystem management, landscape harmony, restoration and transmission plan and enhancement of residents' capability, etc. in the order. Through maintenance preservation evaluation index of agriculture and rural heritage, it can be utilized as sustainable development of plural resources.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2013

This study tries to review 'Sakuteiki(作庭記)', the Book of Garden Making, compiled at the end of the 11th Century during the Heian Period of Japan, from the East-Asian perspective. 'Sakuteiki' is a Garden Theory Book, the oldest in the world as well as in Asia, and it contains the traditional knowledge of Japanese ancient garden culture, which originated from the continent(Korea and China). Traditional knowledge related to East-Asian garden culture reviewed in this paper is "Fungsu Theory"(風水, Asian traditional ecology: Fengshui in Chinese; Fusui in Japanese), stemmed from the culture to seek sound and blessed places to live in. Viewed from modern landscape architecture, the Fungsu Theory corresponds to ecology(science). The Fungsu Theory was established around the Han Dynasty of China together with the Yinyangwuxing(陰陽五行) Theory and widely used for making human residences including gardens. It was transmitted to Japan via Korea as well as through direct transaction between Japan and China. This study reinterprets garden design principles represented in Sakuteiki, which were selected in 5 key words according to the Fungsu Theory. The 5 key words for the Fungsu Theory are "the place in harmony of four guardian gods(四神相應地)", "planting trees in the four cardinal directions", "flow of Chi(氣)", "curved line and asymmetry", and "mountain is the king, water is the people". Garden design principles of "the place in harmony of four guardian gods(四神相應地)" and "planting trees in the four cardinal directions" are corresponding to "Myeongdang-ron(明堂論, Theory of propitious site)". The place in harmony of four guardian gods mentioned in Sakuteiki is a landform surrounded by the flow of water to the east, the great path to the west, the pond to the south, and the hill to the north. And the Theory originated from Zhaijing(宅經, Classic of dwelling Sites) of China. According to this principle, the city was planned and as a miniature model, the residence of the aristocrat during the Heian period was made. At the residence the location of the garden surrounded by the four gods(the flow of water, the great path, the pond, and the hill) is the Myeongdang(明堂, the propitious site: Mingtang in Chinese; Meido in Japanese). Sakuteiki explains how to substitute for the four gods by planting trees in the four cardinal directions when they were not given by nature. This way of planting originated from Zhaijing(宅經) and also goes back to Qiminyaoshu (齊民要術), compiled in the 6th Century of China. In this way of planting, the number of trees suggested in Sakuteiki is related to Hetu(河圖) and Luoshu(洛書), which are iconography of Yi(易), the philosophy of change, in ancient China. Such way of planting corresponds to that of Yongdoseo(龍圖墅, the villa based on the principle of Hetu) presented in Sanrimgyeongje (山林經濟), an encyclopedia on agriculture and living in the 17th Century of Korea. And garden design principles of "the flow of Chi(氣)", "curved line and asymmetry" is connected to "Saenggi Theory(生氣論, Theory of vitality)". Sakuteiki explains the right flow of Chi(氣) through the proper flow and the reverse flow of the garden stream and also suggests the curved line of the garden stream, asymmetric arrangement of bridges and stones in the garden, and indented shape of pond edges, which are ways of accumulating Chi(氣) and therefore lead to "Saenggi Theory" of the Fungsu Theory. The last design principle, "mountain is the king, water is the people", is related to "Hyeongguk Theory(形局論, Theory of form)" of the Fungsu Theory. Sakuteiki explains the meaning of garden through a metaphor, which views mountain as king, water as the people, and stones as king's retainers. It compares the situation in which the king governs the people with the help of his retainers to the ecological phenomena in which mountain(earth) controls water with the help of stones. This principle befits "Hyeongguk Theory(形局論, Theory of form)" of the Fungsu Theory which explains landform on the analogy of social systems, people, animals and things. As above, major garden design principles represented in Sakuteiki can be interpreted in the context of the Fungsu Theory, the traditional knowledge system in East Asia. Therefore, we can find the significance of Sakuteiki in that the wisdom of ancient garden culture in East-Asia was integrated in it, although it described the knowhow of a specific garden style in a specific period of Japan.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.448-455
• /
• 2015

This study evaluated the awareness and recognition of Tangpyeongchae by university students in Chungnam province. A total of 416 questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS software program (version 21.0). The results were summarized as follows. The students compared of food and nutrition majors (59.4%) and non-food and nutrition majors (40.6%). This survey was performed from May 20 to Jun 8, 2015. More food and nutrition major students got better impression after eating Tangpyeongchae than non-food and nutrition majors. Among the students, 59.4% was not aware that Tangpyeongchae was derived from Tangpyeongchaek, and 57.7% didn't know that it was a Korean royal cuisine. Food and nutrition major students knew more of the background story for the dish than non-food and nutrition major students. The corresponding level of recognition for Tangpyeongchae as a dish representing the image of Korea with a combination of the 5 cardinal colors, known as obangsaek was high, at 4.27 and 4.17, respectively out of 5. Over 60% of the students answered Tangpyeongchae's image with the taste of Korea, followed by healthy food, harmony, nutritious food, diet food and tasty food. These results suggest that may have great potential for globalization as a traditional dish with the image and taste of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.340-343
• /
• 2008

A new pale yellow gerbera(Gerbera hybrida Hort.) cultivar 'Honey Cream' was developed from a cross between 'Princessa' and 'Picasso', followed by seedling and line selections at the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services(ARES) in 2006. Three times evaluations were conducted from 2003 for the detailed characteristics of the new cultivar. 'Honey Cream' has semi-double type large flowers in good harmony with pale yellow(RHS, 11-D) ray floret and green center. It has good, stable flower shape and strong peduncle, and its vase life was 12.3 days. The average flower yield of 'Honey Cream' was about 48.5 stems per plant/year in greenhouse trails during 2003 and 2006. This cultivar was registered to the Korea Seed and Variety Service(KSVS) for commercialization in 2007. Year-round production of this cultivar is possible in the greenhouse condition in Korean climate.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.80-83
• /
• 2008

A new pink gerbera (Gerbera hybrida Hort.) cultivar 'Summer Ring' was developed from a cross between 'Grandeur' and 'Nova Zembla' followed by seedling and line selections at the Flower Breeding Research Institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services (ARES) in 2005. Characteristics of the new cultivar were evaluated three times from 2003 to 2004. 'Summer Ring' has semi-double type mini flower in good harmony with pink (RHS, 56-D) ray floret and green center. It has good stable flower shape and strong peduncle, and its vase life was 14.7 days. The average yield of 'Summer Ring' flower was 69 per plant/year in greenhouse yield trails during 2003 and 2004. This cultivar was registered for commercialization in 2005. Commercial production of 'Summer Ring' could be possible throughout the country under greenhouse condition.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.143-160
• /
• 1994

I have investigated questionaire concerning to the view of worth and construction of consciousness as to boarding system collegian who will employed in fisheries and maritime industries. The results were as follows; It appeared 38.9% that most collegian had a firm subjectivity about enrolled motive, selection of department, they had selected department according to the neighborhood recommendation, own squired score rather than the adaption and prospection, also it was appeared 55% that they had not satisfied with attending to their college, accordingly, the effectiveness of education were demolished in such aspects. It was appeared 74.3% that the education of fisheries and maritime college were divided into theory and practice pertinently also, 77.1% that modulate both technical education and human like education but as a general rule, the education of ocean going liscensed officer was appeared 7.1% only so that, the reformation of the curriculum and contents of education would be needed. As to the relation between professors and collegian, it was appeared 38.4% that well understanding professor, 18.1% that well teaching professor, 13.3% that they having humanlish relation with professor, 30.6% that they will benefit to vocational selection. consequently, the professor have to brings up the harmony on dint of education and industries. The things which collegian think to be worth were 43.6%, intercourse of friend 30.3%, circle activity. 6.6% listening lecture, also, the leisure activity after school were 74.7% with friends. 16.4% alone. consequently, the professor has to guide of leisure activity after lesson. most collegian has a good relationship with their parent(91.6%) but the respond with bad relationship was 8.4%. The most serious agony which collegian think about is vocational problems (48.9%), the other sex problem(22.5%). The objects consult with agony was aquaintance(54.9%). The parent(5.1%), professors(2.3%), the collegian who did not consult with agony was 20.9%. The parents and the professor is not object consult with their agony. so that, the professors has to strengthen the education according to the human nature. As to job after graduation of such college, collegian who wish to be taken job on the fisheries and maritime industry were 50.5%, on the contrary, the collegian who wish to be taken a job no relation with his major subjects was 29.1% especially, the collegian who want to be embarked was 26.3% (fisheries 23.3%, maritime 30.5%). so that, we must adopt the counter plan for the globalization and effective investment on the fisheries and maritime college.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.355-368
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship among sport emotional intelligence, sports psychological skills and sports emotion of university athletes. To comply with the purpose, the construct validity and the reliability of measured data were verified by using of SPSS 18.0 & AMOS 18.0 program. In addition, for the relationship among sport emotional intelligence, psychological emotion and sports emotion, the difference between sport psychological skills and sport emotion according to the level of sport emotional intelligence were analyzed by latent means analysis with AMOS 18.0 program, and the relationships among the related factors were analyzed by covariance structure analysis. The results were as follows. First, for the difference between sport psychological skills and sport emotion according to the level of sport emotional intelligence, the harmony of teams, mental state and willpower of sport psychological skills on high groups of sport emotional intelligence were shown high compared to those of low groups', while the pride and happiness on high groups of sport emotion were shown high compared to those of low groups'. Second, the sport emotional intelligence had positive effect on sport psychological skills. Third, the sport emotional intelligence had positive effect on sport emotion. Fourth, sport psychological skills had positive effect on sport emotion.