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A study on characteristics and physiological variables of chest pain induced by exercise test in angina suspected patients (협심증이 의심되는 환자에서 운동부하검사로 유발되는 흉통의 양상과 생리적 변인에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Mi-Kyoung;Choe, Myoung-Ae
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.1-19
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and physiological variables of chest pain induced by exercise test in angina suspected patients. The subjects of this study consisted of 28 inpatients and outpatients aged between 40 and 75 who underwent treadmill test at exercise testing laboratory of S-University from January 2000 to June 2000. Subjects were interviewed with questionnaire regarding sociodemography, the past health history and history related to chest pain before the exercise test. Subjects were interviewed with questionnaire concerning quality, intensity, duration of chest pain induced by walking on the treadmill(Marquette, U.S.A. 1992) according to Bruce protocol following exercise test. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured before, during and after the test, heart rate was determined by ECG. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) Quality of chest pain induced by exercise test were feeling stiffness 19(67.9%), heavy 10(36.0%), exploded 9(32.1%), crushing, suffocating, tight 8(28.6%), stuffy, prickly 7(25.0%), burning 6(21.4%), clasp 5(17.9%), cleaved, tensed, piercing 3(10.7%), perfectly fitting, sore 2(7.1%), tearing, tingling, ticklish, heartburn 1(3.6%). 2) Mean score of VAS(intensity of pain) following exercise test was $5.79{\pm}2.27$ and mean duration of chest pain after the test was $7.83{\pm}5.31$ minutes. 3) Sites of chest-pain induced by exercise test were middle site 11(39.3%), left-chest 10(35.6%), right-chest 6(21.5%). Radiation site of chest-pain was neck(18.0%), right flank site 1(3.6%), left shoulder & arm 2(7.1%) and back 1(3.6%). 4) Symptoms other than chest-pain induced by exercise test were dyspnea 21(75.6%), perspiration 14(50.4%), fatigue 12(43.2%), leg-pain 11(39.6%), dizziness 7(25.2%) anxiety toward chest-pain 3(10.8%), thirst 2(7.1%), and palpation, headache and tingling sensation of hand and leg 1(3.6%). 5) Mean MET(intensity of exercise) during the exercise test was $7.64{\pm}2.57$ and mean RPE(rating of perceived exertion) was $15.89{\pm}2.36$. Mean duration of exercise was $6.79{\pm}2.88$. 6) correlation coefficients between RPE and VAS was 0.500(p=0.003), those between MET and VAS was 0.287(p=0.069) and those between either depression or elevation of ST segment and VAS was 0.236(p=0.114). 7) There was a significant difference in mean systolic pressure between before and after the test as $146.29{\pm}28.18mmHg$ and $177.96{\pm}28.82mmHg$(t=-5.640, p=0.000), a significant difference in mean diastolic blood pressure between before and after the test as $84.85{\pm}15.07mmHg$ and $88.89{\pm}13.72mmHg$(t=-2.082, p=0.047), and there was a significant difference in mean heart-rate between before and after the test as $81.89{\pm}12.22/min$ and $160.68{\pm}21.77/min$(t=-21.255, p=0.000).

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Evaluation of Site Specific Ground Response (부지 고유의 지반 거동평가)

  • 김동수;이진선;윤종구
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 1999
  • Free-field ground motion during earthquake is significantly affected by the local site conditions and it is essential for the seismic design to perform the site specific ground response analysis. In this paper, the procedures of site specific ground response analysis were suggested based on the Korean seismic guideline and the review of state of the art technologies. The concept of ground response analysis was introduced, and the techniques of obtaining soil data for one dimensional equivalent linear analysis which include site investigation planning, field and laboratory testing techniques, deformational characteristics of soils at small to large strains, and site characterization techniques combining field and laboratory test results, were suggested. Finally, the case study was performed at Inchon area following the suggested procedure.

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A Study on the Properties of High Early Strength & Durability of Concrete using PC Admixture (PC계 혼화제 사용 콘크리트의 조강특성 및 내구특성에 대한 연구)

  • Moon, Su-Dong;Lee, Sang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.467-470
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    • 2005
  • This study reports the properties of high early strength & durability of concrete using PC admixture. To apply these data to construction site, we did the lab tests. The target of this study is to accomplish early strength of concrete(5.0 MPa/18 hr), and we did the durability tests such as length change test, chloride ion penetration test, adiabatic test, etc. PC type was more excellent than PNS type admixture. According to these tests, we concluded that we can apply this type of PC admixture to the civil & construction site, and we can reduce the term of works and finally we can accomplish the economical construction.

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Load Measurements of 100 kW Wind Turbine (100 kW급 풍력발전기의 하중 측정)

  • Bae, Jae-Sung;Kim, Sung-One;Kyong, Nam-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.27-33
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    • 2004
  • Mechanical load measurements on blade and tower of Vestas 100 kW wind turbine has been reformed in Wollyong test site, Jeju island. The experimental procedure for the measurement of wind turbine loads, such as edgewise(lead-lag) bending moment, flapwise bending moment, and tower base bending moment, has been established. The test facilities consisting of strain-gauges, telemetry and T-Mon system are installed in the wind turbine. Strain gauges are on-site calibrated against load cell prior to monitoring the wind turbine loads. Using the test setup, the loads on the components are being measured and analysed for various external conditions of the wind turbine. A set of results for near rated wind speed has been presented in this paper.

PSS Tuning of EX2000 Excitation System in Thermal Plant: Part II-Site Tuning Test and Validation (대형 화력발전소EX2000 여자시스템 PSS 튜닝 : Part 2-현장 튜닝시험 및 검증)

  • Kim, D.J.;Moon, Y.M.;Kim, S.M.;Kim, J.Y.;Hwang, B.H.;Choi, J.M.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2008.07a
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    • pp.15-16
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    • 2008
  • This paper describes the on-site PSS Tuning Test of EX2000 excitation of Dangin T/P #4. The on-line 2% AVR step test in 500MW was performed by setting PSS gain from 0 to 15 by 3 increasement. The time-domain measured data was also analyzed by DFT analysis. Finally, the measured data was replicated and verified by running the time-domain dynamic simulation.

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Cross-reactivity of Amphetamine Analogues in Various Immunoassays (면역분석법에서 암페타민류의 교차 반응성)

  • 박미정;최화경;최상길;손행자;임미애;정희선
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.47 no.5
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    • pp.266-270
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    • 2003
  • We evaluated four commercially available methamphetamine immunoassays for their relative cross-reactivities of amphetamine analogues in human urine: Abbott TDx, Vitalab Selectra and on-site test kits (Accusign MET, SD bioline MET). High cross-reactivities were shown at designer's drugs such as methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in all of the tested immunoassays. Methoxyphenamine, fenfluramine and phentermine were positive in TDx and Selectra, but were not positive in on-site test kits. Pseudoephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, ephedrine, norephedrine, MDMA, MDA, fenfluramine and phentermine were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS) in false positive urines. Since the overall specificity of any of the devices was not 100%, we found it is important to confirm any positive screening test result, so we developed simultaneous determination of amphetamine analogues in urines. After alkalinization of the urine samples with 6-N NaOH, the analytes were extracted using ethyl acetate, derivatized with pentafluoropropyl anhydride (PFPA) prior at GC/MS analysis.

Performance evaluation of cement-zero ECO pile-filling material utilizing recycled resource (순환자원을 활용한 Cement Zero형 ECO 파일채움재의 성능평가)

  • Song, Sang Hwon;Yoon, Seong Jin;Lee, Young Won;Eum, Hyun Mi;Mun, Kyoung Ju;Ko, Hyoung Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2013.11a
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    • pp.8-10
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    • 2013
  • Inorganic binding material was made by recycled resource and its applicability as pile-filling material was examined. The result was that the material had same liquidity with the liquidity of OPC and high reactivity with site soil. According to dynamic/static loading tests by site test-construction, the inorganic binding material met both design bearing capacity and settlement. Since the inorganic binding material showed same or better performance than OPC, the utilization possibility of the inorganic binding material made of recycled resource as pile-filling material was verified.

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A Study on the Estimation of Setting Time for High Strength Concrete Using Durometer (개량형 Durometer를 이용한 고강도 콘크리트의 응결시간 추정 가능성 분석)

  • Sin, Se-Jun;Han, Soo-Hwan;Hyun, Seung-Yong;Kim, Jong;Han, Min-Cheol;Han, Cheon-Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2020.11a
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    • pp.87-88
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of estimating optimum surface finish time of the fresh concrete placed at the job site by applying a surface hardness test meter(Durometer). Tests are carried out by measuring and comparing the Penetration resistance test and hardness test by Durometer. Penetration resistance tester and improved Durometer are similar, but the higher the temperature, the higher the setting time, and the higher the correlation was shown. When the hardness value of the improved Durometer is about 50 HD, it is found that the initial and 80 HD represent the end. It is expected that this will be useful in determining the finish time of the surface at the actual site.

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A Study on the Estimation of Setting Time for Concrete Using Durometer (개량형 Durometer를 이용한 콘크리트의 응결시간 추정 가능성 분석)

  • Sin, Se-Jun;Han, Soo-Hwan;Hyun, Seung-Yong;Kim, Jong;Han, Min-Cheol;Han, Cheon-Goo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2020.11a
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    • pp.169-170
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of estimating optimum surface finish time of the fresh concrete placed at the job site by applying a surface hardness test meter(Durometer). Tests are carried out by measuring and comparing the Penetration resistance test and hardness test by Durometer. Penetration resistance tester and improved Durometer are similar, but the higher the temperature, the higher the setting time, and the higher the correlation was shown. When the hardness value of the improved Durometer is about 50 HD, it is found that the initial and 80 HD represent the end. It is expected that this will be useful in determining the finish time of the surface at the actual site.

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Structural Relation between Antecedents and Consequences of Web Site's Trust of Venture Company (벤처기업의 웹사이트에 대한신뢰의 선행요인과 결과요인의 구조적 관계)

  • Kwak, Won Seob
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.25-35
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    • 2013
  • The main objective of this study is to investigate the structural relation between antecedents and consequences of web sites' trust of venture company. It examines consumer perceptions trust in a web site and address following research questions; what factors influence consumer trust in a web site and what specific web site cues are associated with trust, satisfaction, and intention? We test our hypothesis in a empirical data from 123 consumers across 3 web sites of venture companies. By factor analysis, the results show that web site characteristics are such as design, business function, interface, technology, community, and contents of each web site. We also find that web site characteristics such as design, interface, technology, and community can influence significantly satisfaction of web site, and design and contents of web site can influence consumer's trust. And the results show that trust influence behavioral intention through the satisfaction. The results offer important implication for web site strategies of venture company that include the manipulation of factors influencing web site trust. And the future directions of the present research are discussed.

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