• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 1987

일반계인 천마벼와 다수계인 가야벼를 이용하여 팥알의 수분흡수속도와 부피증가속도, 침지조건별 가열시 호화도 및 취반속도를 구하여 일반계와 다수계 쌀의 조리특성을 비교 검토하였다. 수분흡수량과 부피증가량은 모두 침지시간의 평방근과 직선적인 관계를 보였고, 동일한 침지온도와 침지시간에서는 부피증가량이 수분증가량 보다 많았다. 쌀의 조리중 호화도는 무침지한 것보다 침지한 것이 더 빨랐으며, $120^{\circ}C$에서의 취반속도는 100%에 비하여 천마벼가 1.79배, 가야벼가 1.83배 높았다. 수분흡수량, 부피증가량, 쌀의 조리중 호화도 및 취반속도는 모두 다수계인 가야벼가 일반계인 천마벼 보다 높았다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2002

MDF를 페놀수지에 함침한 후 500, 650, 800, 1,000℃에서 소성하여 우드세라믹을 제조한 후 함침재 및 우드세라믹의 치수 변화와 휨강도를 측정하였다. 수지 함침율이 증가할수록 함침재의 치수 증가율 및 휨강도는 증가하였다. 소성온도에 따른 중량, 길이 및 두께감소율은 각각 소성온도 500℃일 때 59.9%, 19.4%, 26.3%이었으며, 소성온도 1,000℃일 때 65.3%, 22.5%, 31.6%로 소성온도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며, 휨강도 또한 함침율 40%일 때 소성온도 500℃에서 50.3 kgf/cm³, 800℃에서 0.79 g/cm³로 증가하였으나, 1,000℃에서는 0.75 g/cm³로 약간 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 함침재 및 우드세라믹의 성질은 수지 함침율 및 소성온도의 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권12호
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• pp.2311-2317
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• 2011

In this paper, we study the temperature change of a ${\mu}$-bolometer focal plane array with a capacitive transimpedance amplifier bias cancellation circuit. Thermal analysis is essential to understand the performance of a ${\mu}$-bolometer focal plane array, and to improve the temperature stability of a focal plane array characteristics. In this study, the thermal analyses of a ${\mu}$-bolometer and its two reference detectors are carried out as a function of time. The analyses are done with the $30{\mu}m$ pitch $320{\times}240$ focal plane array operating of 60 Hz frame rate and having a columnwise readout. From the results, the temperature increase of a ${\mu}$-bolometer in FPA by an incident IR is estimated as $0.689^{\circ}C$, while the temperature increase by a pulsed bias as $7.1^{\circ}C$, which is about 10 times larger than by IR. The temperature increase of a reference detector by a train of bias pulses may be increased much higher than that of an active ${\mu}$-bolometer. The suppression of temperature increase in a reference bolometer can be done by increasing the thermal conductivity of the reference bolometer, in which the selection of thermal conductivity also determines the range of CTIA output voltage.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.285-296
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• 2014

본 연구는 국내 주요 경제수종인 소나무 풍매차대묘의 가계간 온도 증가와 건조 스트레스에 따른 생장 및 생리 반응 변화를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 온도변화 및 건조 처리에 따른 소나무의 근원경 상대생장율은 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도 변화와 상관없이 강원74가 가장 우수하였다. 3가계 모두 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 근원경 생장은 감소하였으며, 저온처리구인 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서도 $0^{\circ}C$ 처리구보다 낮은 생장율을 보였다. 광합성 속도, 기공전도도 및 증산속도는 3가계 모두 건조 처리구와 온도가 증가할수록 감소하였고, 저온 처리구인 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서도 $0^{\circ}C$ 처리구보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 그러나 수분 이용효율은 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 높았다. 광색소 함량은 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 3가계 모두 감소하였지만, 엽록소 a와 b의 비는 건조 처리와 온도가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 총 엽록소 함량은 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도변화와 상관없이 강원74가 가장 높았다. 결론적으로, 온도 증가 및 감소는 소나무의 생리적 반응에 부정적인 영향과 함께 생장을 저하시켰다. 또한, 건조 스트레스도 소나무의 생장 및 생리적 반응에 많은 영향을 미쳐, 생장이 저하되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 소나무는 온도 감소보다 온도 증가에 더 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 향후 우리나라의 평균 온도가 $6^{\circ}C$ 이상 증가하게 되면 지역에 따라서 소나무 유묘의 생장이 매우 불량해 질 수도 있을 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 온도변화 및 건조 스트레스에 의한 생장 및 생리적 반응에 있어 가계간 차이를 확인 할 수 있었는데, 유묘의 초기생장이 가장 우수한 강원74가 다른 두 가계보다 온도 및 건조 스트레스 하에서도 생장 및 생리반응이 가장 우수하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to provide fundamental informations that make it possible to use a cool stream and a hot stream simultaneously. We changed the pressure of compressed air that flows into a tube, the inner diameter of orifice that a cold stream exits, and the mass flow rate ratio. And in each case, we measured the temperature of a cold stream and a hot stream in each exit of a tube. Also we measured the axial and the radial temperature distribution in internal spare of a tube. From the study, fellowing conclusive remarks 7an be made. First, As the number of nozzles increase, separation point move into the hot exit. Second, When we use guide vane type nozzle, the axial temperature distribution constant over the 0.75 of air mass flow rate radio. Third, When we use Spiral type nozzle, axial and radial temperature distribution in the inner space is higher than another nozzle. Fourth, Axial and radial temperature distribution in the inner space vortex-tube is determined by separation point. And separation point is moved by changing of air mass flow rate ratio. At last, A heating apparatus is possible far vortex-tube to use.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

A model was developed to predict the effects of rising air temperature on net photosynthetic rate of Quercus mongolica stands at Mt. Paekcheok-san, Kangwon-do in South Korea. The PFD (Photon flux density) and air temperature were determined from weather data from the research site and the Daegwallyeong meteorological station and gas exchange or release responses of each tree component were measured. Using these data, we simulated the effects of increases in mean annual air temperatures above current conditions on annual $CO_2$ budget of Q. mongolica stands. If mean annual air temperature is increased by 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 or $3.0^{\circ}C$, annual net photosynthetic rate will be increased by 8.8, 12.8, 14.5, 12.6, 9.2 and 1.0 ton $CO_2\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$ respectively. Simulations indicate that changes in air temperature will have a major impact on gas exchange and release in Q. mongolica stands, resulting in a net increase in the rate of carbon fixation by standing crops.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2010

In existing design method for aeration tank water temperature was considered as governing variable for applying safety factor. This study tried a few new approach of aeration tank design using SOUR at various temperature conditions. Specific substrate utilization rate (U) and specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) both were analyzed at various temperature and SRT. The laboratory scale reactor was operated on various temperature ($10^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$) and SRT (5day, 10day, 20day, 30day). In this study, SOUR tended to increase with the temperature increased. On the other hand, SOUR tended to decrease when SRT increased from 5 days to 30 days. Empirical equations were obtained SOUR=a/SRT+b and $SOUR=(a/m){\cdot}U+(b-a(n/m))$ from the relationship between SRT, U and SOUR. Empirical equations shows the possibility as a new design method for the aeration basin.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.46-50
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• 2016

In this study, we have investigated the effect of the substrate temperature and hydrogen flow rate on the characteristics of IGZO thin films for the TCO(transparent conducting oxide). For this purpose, IGZO thin films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature and $300^{\circ}C$ with various $H_2$ flow rate. In order to investigate the influences of the hydrogen, the flow rate of hydrogen in argon mixing gas has been changed from 0.1sccm to 1.0sccm. IGZO thin films deposited at room temperature show amorphous structure, whereas IGZO thin films deposited at $300^{\circ}C$ show crystalline structure having an (222) preferential orientation. The electrical resistivity of the amorphous-IGZO films deposited at R.T. was lower than that of the crystalline-IGZO thin films deposited at $300^{\circ}C$. The increase of electrical resistivity with increasing substrate temperature was interpreted in terms of the decrease of the charge carrier mobility. The transmittance of the IGZO films deposited at $300^{\circ}C$ was decreased deposited with hydrogen gas.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2007

To evaluate the performance of heat exchanger with rotating porous plates, the experimental investigation was carried out under various conditions. With an equal interval of 18 mm inside the heat exchanger, the rotating porous plates are mounted. The hot and cold airs enter at opposite ends of heat exchanger and exchange heat each other. In order to measure the temperature distribution of the hot air side inside heat exchanger, the thermocouples are inserted between the plates. The first location of thermocouple is 10 mm downstream from the inlet of heat exchanger, and succeeding ten locations are aligned at an equal interval of 18 mm. As a result of the measurement, the temperature distribution inside heat exchanger was constant as the hot air temperature of inlet is low. It was found that the heat transfer rate does not depend on the variation of RPM at the lower temperature of inlet. The heat transfer rate at the higher temperature of inlet increased a little with the increase in RPM.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 1983

This study practiced to observe the creep behavior at specific temperature on Austentic SUB 27 stainless steel by Moire method. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows; In tensile experiment, tensile strength and yielding strength decrease as the temperature increases. Yielding strength is equivalent to 60-70% of tensile strength. Reduction of Area and Elongation show minimum values at 300.deg. C. The results of Moire method using Moire heating resisting grid coincide with LVDT result. Therefor, It is proved that the Moire method has great merit in strain measurement of a creep behavior. In homologous at temp. 0.2 or less, creep behavior is very small amount. But, in more than 0.3, creep behavior is very active. Creep rate increase as temperature increase and creep rate is proportional to .alpha. values of experimental equation.