Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회지)

Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (한국농림기상학회)
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Differences on Growth, Photosynthesis and Pigment Contents of Open-pollinated Pinus densiflora Families Under Elevated Temperature and Drought

온도 증가와 건조 스트레스에 따른 소나무 풍매차대묘의 가계간 생장, 광합성 및 광색소 함량 차이

  • Kim, Gil Nam (Department of Forest Genetic Resources, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Han, Sim-Hee (Department of Forest Genetic Resources, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Gwan Soo (Department of Environment and Forest Resources, Chungnam National University)
  • 김길남 (국립산림과학원 산림유전자원부) ;
  • 한심희 (국립산림과학원 산림유전자원부) ;
  • 박관수 (충남대학교 산림자원학과)
  • Received : 2014.07.29
  • Accepted : 2014.08.19
  • Published : 2014.12.30
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Abstract

The impacts of high temperature and drought were studied on the seedlings of three families (superiorgangwon74, intermediate-gangwon77 and inferior-gangwon132) of P. densiflora which had been selected by the based on the growth indexes of 32-year-old. The seedlings were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers with combinations of four temperatures ($-3^{\circ}C$, $0^{\circ}C$, $+3^{\circ}C$ $+6^{\circ}C$; based on the monthly average for 30 years in Korea) and two water conditions (control, drought). The growth performance, photosynthetic parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents were measured at every 30 days under four temperatures and drought condition, and the end of each treatment. The superior family showed higher relative diameter at root collar growth rate and the dry weight than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. Under elevated temperature and drought condition, growth rate was decreased, and seedlings showed lower growth rate than that of control in three families under low temperature. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of three families decreased with the increase of temperature and drought condition, and that of seedlings under low temperature was lower than control. But under elevated temperature and drought condition, water use efficiency increased in three families. Photosynthetic pigment contents of leaves decreased under the increase of temperature and drought condition, but chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with the increase of temperature and drought condition in three families. The superior family showed higher total chlorophyll content than intermediate and inferior family in all treatments. In conclusion, P. densiflora is under changed temperature and drought condition, growth was decreased, seedlings more affected in elevated temperature than that of decreased temperature. The increase in monthly average temperature in Korea of more than $6^{\circ}C$, P. densiflora seedling growth in depending on region may decrease. In this study, the superior family(gangwon74) showed more excellent growth and physiological responses than intermediate (gangwon77) and inferior(gangwon132) family under changes temperature and drought.

본 연구는 국내 주요 경제수종인 소나무 풍매차대묘의 가계간 온도 증가와 건조 스트레스에 따른 생장 및 생리 반응 변화를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 온도변화 및 건조 처리에 따른 소나무의 근원경 상대생장율은 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도 변화와 상관없이 강원74가 가장 우수하였다. 3가계 모두 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 근원경 생장은 감소하였으며, 저온처리구인 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서도 $0^{\circ}C$ 처리구보다 낮은 생장율을 보였다. 광합성 속도, 기공전도도 및 증산속도는 3가계 모두 건조 처리구와 온도가 증가할수록 감소하였고, 저온 처리구인 $-3^{\circ}C$ 처리구에서도 $0^{\circ}C$ 처리구보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 그러나 수분 이용효율은 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 높았다. 광색소 함량은 온도 증가와 건조 처리구에서 3가계 모두 감소하였지만, 엽록소 a와 b의 비는 건조 처리와 온도가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 총 엽록소 함량은 대조구와 건조 처리구 모두 온도변화와 상관없이 강원74가 가장 높았다. 결론적으로, 온도 증가 및 감소는 소나무의 생리적 반응에 부정적인 영향과 함께 생장을 저하시켰다. 또한, 건조 스트레스도 소나무의 생장 및 생리적 반응에 많은 영향을 미쳐, 생장이 저하되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 소나무는 온도 감소보다 온도 증가에 더 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 향후 우리나라의 평균 온도가 $6^{\circ}C$ 이상 증가하게 되면 지역에 따라서 소나무 유묘의 생장이 매우 불량해 질 수도 있을 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 온도변화 및 건조 스트레스에 의한 생장 및 생리적 반응에 있어 가계간 차이를 확인 할 수 있었는데, 유묘의 초기생장이 가장 우수한 강원74가 다른 두 가계보다 온도 및 건조 스트레스 하에서도 생장 및 생리반응이 가장 우수하였다.

Keywords

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