Park, Woon-Yong;Park, Cheol-Ung;Choi, Sung-Soo;Lee, Won-Cheol
The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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v.32
no.11A
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pp.1086-1095
/
2007
This paper proposes a novel non-coherent TOA estimation scheme using multiple correlation process on the existence of multiple simultaneously operating piconets (SOPs). Impulse radio-ultra wideband (IR-UWB) based on direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) using Gold sequence is employed in order to discriminate each piconet. In order to enhance the characteristic of correlation, this paper presents the method of multiple mask operation (MMO). The time of arrival (TOA) of direct line of sight (DLOS) path is estimated via two step coarse/fine timing detection. To verify the performance of proposed scheme, two distinct channel models approved by IEEE 802.15.4a Task Group (TG) are considered. According to the simulation results, it could conclude that the proposed scheme have performed better performance than the conventional method well even in densed indoor multi-path environment as well as in the existence of multiple SOPs.
Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
/
v.18
no.5
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pp.487-495
/
2012
In this paper, a Smart Home Service Robot, McBot II, which performs mess-cleanup function etc. in house, is designed much more optimally than other service robots. It is newly developed in much more practical system than McBot I which we had developed two years ago. One characteristic attribute of mobile platforms equipped with a set of dependent wheels is their omni- directionality and the ability to realize complex translational and rotational trajectories for agile navigation in door. An accurate coordination of steering angle and spinning rate of each wheel is necessary for a consistent motion. This paper develops trajectory controller of 3-wheels omni-directional mobile robot using fuzzy azimuth estimator. A specialized anthropomorphic robot manipulator which can be attached to the housemaid robot McBot II, is developed in this paper. This built-in type manipulator consists of both arms with 4 DOF (Degree of Freedom) each and both hands with 3 DOF each. The robotic arm is optimally designed to satisfy both the minimum mechanical size and the maximum workspace. Minimum mass and length are required for the built-in cooperated-arms system. But that makes the workspace so small. This paper proposes optimal design method to overcome the problem by using neck joint to move the arms horizontally forward/backward and waist joint to move them vertically up/down. The robotic hand, which has two fingers and a thumb, is also optimally designed in task-based concept. Finally, the good performance of the developed McBot II is confirmed through live tests of the mess-cleanup task.
We applied fMRI to examine brain activation at intentionality detection (ID) task. The main purpose of this study was to explore whether brain activation regions involved in intentionality detection (known as the basic mechanism of theory of mind) differ or not, according to prior instruction. Left uncus, superior temporal gyrus and right inferior occipital gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, thalamus (medial dorsal nucleus), and precuneus were activated with prior instruction. In contrast, ID task with no instruction activated merely inferior parietal lobule and superior parietal lobule. Common activated area between the two instruction conditions was inferiordparietal lobule. Our results suggest thar prior instruction activated ID-related brain regions more explicitly. furtherdinvestigations would be loused on spontaneity of intentionality detector and characteristic of participants.
As of today-half a century has passed after 1945, the liberation from Japanese imperialism-it's significant to introspect our culture. On the one hand our culture has succeeded due to the peculiar history, but on the other hand it hasn't. So to speak, it has gained in Quantity but lost in Quality. There are keen, international competition and exchange in the modern culture. So the Qualitive success of modern design depends on if it had an original character or not. According to Korean rapid industrialization, technological extence, and economic growth, the export has increased greatly, but package design hasn't been match for them. Korean expoters have been meeting with cutthroat competition in world market. Under these circumstances it's very important that we have a real understand and interest in our culture, we strengthen the competitive power of home products with good package design. This is our age of not home market but world market. We live in an age when design wins, so that we have to develop the good design native to Korea. Many designers have proposed their opinions with the characteristic designs, but it has been only a fragmentary and passive method. We must seek for the new method more positively. The effective and proper method resolves itself into the following four points. First, to understand Korean history and culture. Second, to have the exact grip of this economic situation. Third, to promote the national emotion. Fourth, in conclusion, to accord the package design with them. We cannot put off this task to overcome the cultural subordination, to place Korea on a firm cultural basis in the world, and to contribute to the cultural exchange of package design. First, to understand Korean history and culture. Second, to have the exact grip of this economic situation. Third, to promote the national emotion. Fourth, in conclusion, to accord the package design with them. We cannot put off this task to overcome the cultural subordination, to place Korea on a firm cultural basis in the world, and to contribute to the cultural exchange of package design.
In this paper, we carried out the word, 4 continuous digits. continuous, and task-independent word recognition experiments to verify the effectiveness of the re-defined phoneme-likely units (PLUs) for the phonetic decision tree based HM-Net (Hidden Markov Network) context-dependent (CD) acoustic modeling in Korean appropriately. In case of the 48 PLUs, the phonemes /ㅂ/, /ㄷ/, /ㄱ/ are separated by initial sound, medial vowel, final consonant, and the consonants /ㄹ/, /ㅈ/, /ㅎ/ are also separated by initial sound, final consonant according to the position of syllable, word, and sentence, respectively. In this paper. therefore, we re-define the 39 PLUs by unifying the one phoneme in the separated initial sound, medial vowel, and final consonant of the 48 PLUs to construct the CD acoustic models effectively. Through the experimental results using the re-defined 39 PLUs, in word recognition experiments with the context-independent (CI) acoustic models, the 48 PLUs has an average of 7.06%, higher recognition accuracy than the 39 PLUs used. But in the speaker-independent word recognition experiments with the CD acoustic models, the 39 PLUs has an average of 0.61% better recognition accuracy than the 48 PLUs used. In the 4 continuous digits recognition experiments with the liaison phenomena. the 39 PLUs has also an average of 6.55% higher recognition accuracy. And then, in continuous speech recognition experiments, the 39 PLUs has an average of 15.08% better recognition accuracy than the 48 PLUs used too. Finally, though the 48, 39 PLUs have the lower recognition accuracy, the 39 PLUs has an average of 1.17% higher recognition characteristic than the 48 PLUs used in the task-independent word recognition experiments according to the unknown contextual factor. Through the above experiments, we verified the effectiveness of the re-defined 39 PLUs compared to the 48PLUs to construct the CD acoustic models in this paper.
In this paper, we tried to derive characteristic parameters that reflect mental fatigue through EEG measurement and analysis. For this purpose, mental fatigue was induced through a resting state with eyes closed and performing subtraction operations in mental arithmetic for 30 minutes. Five subjects participated in the experiment, and all subjects were right-handed male students in university, with an average age of 25.5 years. Spectral analysis was performed on the EEG collected at the beginning and the end of the experiment to derive feature parameters reflecting mental fatigue. As a result of the analysis, the absolute power of the alpha band in the occipital lobe and the temporal lobe increased as the mental fatigue increased, while the relative power decreased. Also, the difference in power between resting state and task state showed that the relative power was larger than the absolute power. These results indicate that alpha relative power in the occipital lobe and temporal lobe is a feature parameter reflecting mental fatigue. The results of this study can be utilized as feature parameters for the development of an automated system for mental fatigue determination such as fatigue and drowsiness while driving.
Park, Ha-Na;Min, Chang-Ki;Kim, Kyoung-A;Koh, Kwang-Joon
Imaging Science in Dentistry
/
v.49
no.2
/
pp.139-151
/
2019
Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effect of exposure parameters on image quality obtained using a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanner and the relationship between physical factors and clinical image quality depending on the diagnostic task. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of a SedentexCT IQ phantom and a real skull phantom were obtained under different combinations of tube voltage and tube current (Alphard 3030 CBCT scanner, 78-90 kVp and 2-8 mA). The images obtained using a SedentexCT IQ phantom were analyzed technically, and the physical factors of image noise, contrast resolution, spatial resolution, and metal artifacts were measured. The images obtained using a real skull phantom were evaluated for each diagnostic task by 6 oral and maxillofacial radiologists, and each setting was classified as acceptable or unacceptable based on those evaluations. A statistical analysis of the relationships of exposure parameters and physical factors with observer scores was conducted. Results: For periapical diagnosis and implant planning, the tube current of the acceptable images was significantly higher than that of the unacceptable images. Image noise, the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the line pair chart on the Z axis, and modulation transfer function (MTF) values showed statistically significant differences between the acceptable and unacceptable image groups. The cut-off values obtained using receiver operating characteristic curves for CNR and MTF 10 were useful for determining acceptability. Conclusion: Tube current had a major influence on clinical image quality. CNR and MTF 10 were useful physical factors that showed significantly associations with clinical image quality.
Decentralization is a structural characteristic surrounding the allocation of power within an organization and is discussed at the organizational, national and local levels. This study examined the evaluation and decentralization direction of decentralization of public officials to derive problems and development directions of decentralization in Korea. We also derive our decentralization task. The decentralization task is, first, the expansion of autonomy in organization composition. The organization of local governments shall be determined according to the details and amount of local affairs. Second, it is to secure autonomy in personnel management. It is desirable for local governments to handle local gardens and manpower management autonomously rather than central uniform control. However, it is necessary to leave the checks and supervision to the local council, civic groups, and local residents. Third, the expansion of fiscal decentralization. First of all, the tax rate should be determined by ordinance within the scope prescribed by law to expand the autonomous financial authority. Next, it is necessary to expand local finances through the conversion of national taxes to local taxes. Next, it is necessary to expand local income taxes and local consumption taxes. Decentralization requires cooperation between the central and local governments and participation of local residents and stakeholders, breaking away from central unilateral and short-term thinking.
Mathematically gifted children have creative curiosity about novel tasks deriving from their natural mathematical talents, aptitudes, intellectual abilities and creativities. More effect in nurturing the creative thinking found in brilliant children, letting them approach problem solving in various ways and make strategic attempts is needed. Given this perspective, it is desirable to select open-ended and atypical problems as a task for educational program for gifted children. In this paper, various types of open-ended problems were framed and based on these, teaming activities were adapted into gifted children's class. Then in the problem solving process, the characteristic of bright children's mathematical thinking ability and examples of problem solving strategies were analyzed so that suggestions about classes for bright children utilizing open-ended tasks at elementary schools could be achieved. For this, an open-ended task made of 24 inquiries was structured, the teaching procedure was made of three steps properly transforming Renzulli's Enrichment Triad Model, and 24 periods of classes were progressed according to the teaching plan. One period of class for each subcategories of mathematical thinking ability; ability of intuitional insight, systematizing information, space formation/visualization, mathematical abstraction, mathematical reasoning, and reflective thinking were chosen and analyzed regarding teaching, teaming process and products. Problem solving examples that could be anticipated through teaching and teaming process and products analysis, and creative problem solving examples were suggested, and suggestions about teaching bright children using open-ended tasks were deduced based on the analysis of the characteristic of tasks, role of the teacher, impartiality and probability of approaching through reflecting the classes. Through the case study of a mathematics class for bright children making use of open-ended tasks proved to satisfy the curiosity of the students, and was proved to be effective for providing and forming a habit of various mathematical thinking experiences by establishing atypical mathematical problem solving strategies. This study is meaningful in that it provided mathematically gifted children's problem solving procedures about open-ended problems and it made an attempt at concrete and practical case study about classes fur gifted children while most of studies on education for gifted children in this country focus on the studies on basic theories or quantitative studies.
This is the paper on the descriptive perspective and writing method in Yeheon(旅軒)'s Piranrok(避亂錄). Piranrok was Yeheon's diary which was written during Japanese invasions of Korea. Many intellectual recorded their diaries during the war. Yeheon's Piranrok was a typical example among war journals. I tried to take view of the descriptive perspective and writing method in Yeheon's Piranrok. First, sourceful introspection was distinct characteristic in the descriptive perspective. Yeheon penetrated into a chaotic state of affairs during Japanese invasions of Korea. And Yeheon had reflective consciousness about self-existence. He contemplated his existence through diary writing. I had a task to study the writing methods in Yeheon's diary. One of the distinct characteristic in writing methods was to increase specific gravity of discussion. Yeheon advocated strongly his opinion and position about cause of war, war responsibility, morality, fortification and righteous army. Yeheon made the best use of communication method and catechetic method. He answered his own questions about the enter and retirement of public office. He expressed his worry and conflict through various techniques of expression. I have a task to study the diary in Chosun dynasty. I believe that analyzing characteristics of Yeheon's diary can contribute to understanding the literature history of diaries in Chosun dynasty.
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