• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.44-50
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• 2002

CsI(T1) single crystal was grown in a Bridgman growing apparatus, which has the diameter of 11 mm and the mole ratio of 0.001 mol%. Radiation sensors were made with CsITl)crystal and two photodiodes, and measured spectroscopic characteristics and linearity for gamma-ray and X-ray. The energy resolution of CsI(T1) radiation sensor has been measured with $^{22}$ Na, $^{137}$ Cs and $^{60}$ Co gamma standard sources. Also output linearity of CsITl) sensor was measured for diagnostic radiation region. The energy resolutions of CsI(T1) radiation sensor for 0.511MeV gamma-ray from Na-22 source, 0.662MeV from Cs-137 source, and 1.17MeV and 1.332MeV from Co-60 source were 13.2%, 8.3%, 6.7%, and 5.1% respectively. Also the output linearity up to 80mAs current for 60kVp, 80kvp, 100kVp, 120kVp tube voltages has been studied.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.189-198
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• 2022

As the number of people using the Internet increases, a new application known as the Internet of Things (IoT) has been emerged. Internet of Things makes it easier for machines and objects to exchange, compute, and coordinate information autonomously without human interference. It is a tool for attaching intelligence to a variety of contemporary objects in houses, hospitals, buildings, vehicles, and even cities. As a new emerging technology, the focus in current IoT surveys does not shed the light on deep understanding for IoT fundamentals, architectures, challenges, and solutions. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to introduce specifications for IoT definitions, characteristics, functional blocks, and different architectures as a cement for better understanding. Additionally, we present current documented IoT challenges, with the existing available solution for each challenge.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.83-90
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• 2022

Traditional Cloud Computing would be unable to safely host IoT data due to its high latency as the number of IoT sensors and physical devices accommodated on the Internet grows by the day. Because of the difficulty of processing all IoT large data on Cloud facilities, there hasn't been enough research done on automating the security of all components in the IoT-Cloud ecosystem that deal with big data and real-time jobs. It's difficult, for example, to build an automatic, secure data transfer from the IoT layer to the cloud layer, which incorporates a large number of scattered devices. Addressing this issue this article presents an intelligent algorithm that deals with enhancing security aspects in IoT cloud ecosystem using butterfly optimization algorithm.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-89
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• 2006

The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of the Korean subspecies (Falco tinnunculus interstinctus) of the common kestrel has been analyzed. According to the molecular phylogeny of six subspecies of common kestrel, six subspecies of the common kestrel were divided into two clades: the first clade is composed of the South African subspecies (F. t. rupicolus) and the second clade includes 5 subspecies (F. t. tinnunculus, F. t. rufescens, F. t. interstinctus, F. t. canariensis and F. t. dacotiae) of the common kestrel. Korean subspecies, F. t. interstinctus was closely related to F. t. rufescens and original subspecies F. t. tinnunculus.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2017

Purpose: Ni-Cr alloy does not contain Beryllium, causing the metal compound to form oxides in the furnace but by using Titanium as a chemical catalyst the forming of the oxides can be controlled, and by controlling the impurities formed on the metal surface, the possibility of the Ni-Cr alloy bond strength being increased can be analysed. Materials and Methods: Titanium was used as a chemical catalyst in the porcelain for the oxidation of beryllium-free metal (Ni-Cr) alloy. The T1 group, which does not use Titanium power as a chemical catalyst is a reference model for comparison. The T2 group and T3 group used 10 g and 20 g of Titanium power, respectively. They are fabricated to observe the shear bond strength and surface properties. There was no significance when One-way ANOVA analysis/Tukey Honestly Significant Difference Test was conducted for statistical analysis among groups (P > 0.05). Results: Results of measuring the three-point flexural bond strength of the Ni-Cr alloy and thickness of the oxide film. Experiment T3 using 20 g Titanium chemical catalyst: $39.22{\pm}3.41MPa$ and $6.66{\mu}m$, having the highest bond strength and thinness of oxide film. Experiment T2 using 10 g Titanium chemical catalyst: $34.65{\pm}1.39MPa$ and $13.22{\mu}m$. Experiment T1 using no Titanium chemical catalyst: $32.37{\pm}1.91MPa$ and $22.22{\mu}m$. Conclusion: The T2 and T3 experiments using Titanium chemical catalyst showed higher bond strength for the Ni-Cr alloy and lower thickness of oxide film than experiment T1, and the titanium catalyst being able to increase bond strength was observed.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2024

As a member of ectomycorrhizal fungi, Tricholoma matsutake has a symbiotic relationship with its host, Pinus densiflora. To cultivate T. matsutake artificially, the co-cultivation of T. matsutake mycelia and bacteria from shiro was introduced. In this study, bacteria were isolated from soil samples in Bonghwa-gun, and seven bacterial isolates (B22_7_B05, B22_7_B06, B22_7_B07, B22_7_B08, B22_7_B10, B22_7_B13, and B22_7_B14) promoted the growth of T. matsutake mycelia (147.48, 232.11, 266.72, 211.43, 175.17, 154.62, and 177.92%, respectively). Sequencing of the 16S rRNA region of the isolated bacteria was performed. B22_7_B05 and B22_7_B10 were identified as Bacillus toyonensis, B22_7_B06 and B22_7_B08 as Paenibacillus taichungensis, B22_7_B07 and B22_7_B14 as P. gorilla, and B22_7_B13 as P. odorifer. These bacterial isolates were associated with the shiro community and are expected to contribute to the cultivation of T. matsutake.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.266-272
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• 2016

In this study, we analysed the technology convergence of Internet of Things(IoT) by International Patent Classification(IPC) code analysis. 163 patent applications in Korea are the subjects of this study. We confirmed that the most representative IPC code combinations between Main and Sub categories are G06Q 50/24-G06Q 50/22(6 cases), H04L 29/02-H04L 12/28(4 cases), G06F 15/16-G06F 3/048(3 cases), G06F 15/16-G06F 9/44(3 cases), and G06Q 50/22-G06Q 50/24(3 cases). The field of Health Care business have been prepared 9 patent applications by technology convergence between 'Health Care(G06Q 50/22)' and 'Patient Record Management(G06Q 50/24)'. Finally we also concluded that the core IPC code are G06F 15/16, G06Q 50/22, G06Q 50/24, and H04L 12/28 by the technology convergence interconnections analysis of IoT patent applications.

• BMB Reports
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.426-430
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• 1997

The helical periodicity of the triple-stranded $(dT)_n{\cdot}(dA)_n{\cdot}(dT)_n$ sequence was determined by measuring gel-mobilities of bent DNA fragments containing the sequence. In the bent DNA fragments, a $GA_{22}G$ $CT_{22}C$ sequence was located between two bent DNA loci composed of six $A_{6}{\cdot}T_{6}$ repeats. and the DNA length between the bent DNA loci was varied by 1 base pair over a full helical turn. The gel mobility of each bent DNA fragment reflected the overall extent of DNA bending and varied with the DNA length between the two bent loci. Mobilities of the bent DNA fragments in 5% polyacrylamide gel were measured after preincubating the DNA fragments both in the presence and absence of $CT_{22}C$ oligonucleotide. By comparing the bent DNA fragments containing an intermolecular triplex structure with those of a genuine duplex structure in the gel mobilities, the helical periodicity of the $T_n{\cdot}A_n{\cdot}T_n$ triplex DNA was determined to be $11.5({\pm}0.3)bp/turn$.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.93-111
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• 1993

Let ${X(t) : t \geq 0}$ be a real-valued stochastics process with stationary independent increments. In this paper, under the condition of stochastic compactness, we obtain appropriate function $\alpha(t)$ and random function $\beta(t)$ such that for some positive finite constant C, lim sup${X(t) - \alpha(t)}/\beta(t) = C$ a.s. both as t tends to zero and infinity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 2013

This paper deals with the behavior of positive solutions to the following nonlocal polytropic filtration system $$\{u_t=(\mid(u^{m_1})_x{\mid}^{{p_1}^{-1}}(u^{m_1})_x)_x+u^{l_{11}}{{\int_0}^a}v^{l_{12}}({\xi},t)d{\xi},\;(x,t)\;in\;[0,a]{\times}(0,T),\\{v_t=(\mid(v^{m_2})_x{\mid}^{{p_2}^{-1}}(v^{m_2})_x)_x+v^{l_{22}}{{\int_0}^a}u^{l_{21}}({\xi},t)d{\xi},\;(x,t)\;in\;[0,a]{\times}(0,T)}$$ with nonlinear boundary conditions $u_x{\mid}{_{x=0}}=0$, $u_x{\mid}{_{x=a}}=u^{q_{11}}u^{q_{12}}{\mid}{_{x=a}}$, $v_x{\mid}{_{x=0}}=0$, $v_x|{_{x=a}}=u^{q21}v^{q22}|{_{x=a}}$ and the initial data ($u_0$, $v_0$), where $m_1$, $m_2{\geq}1$, $p_1$, $p_2$ > 1, $l_{11}$, $l_{12}$, $l_{21}$, $l_{22}$, $q_{11}$, $q_{12}$, $q_{21}$, $q_{22}$ > 0. Under appropriate hypotheses, the authors establish local theory of the solutions by a regularization method and prove that the solution either exists globally or blows up in finite time by using a comparison principle.