• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

$H_{\infty}$ 제어와 뮤-합성 제어 방법을 사용하여 두 가지 상황, 즉 불확실성이 포함되지 않았을 때와 20% 불확실성이 포함되었을 때, 하에서 스프링-매스-댐퍼 시스템의 진동을 최소화하였다. 두 컨트롤러의 안정성 및 성능 파악을 위해 GM와 PM 값을 사용하여 분석되었다. 중앙 수치 미분법과 RMS 방법을 사용하여 출력 응답의 신호 강도가 비교되었다. 끝으로, 안정성 비교를 위하여 3가지 다른 $W_{per\;f1}$ 가중함수의 경우에 대해 총 40개의 $H_{\infty}$ 제어기와 뮤-합성 제어기 무작위 표본이 생성되었다. 전반적으로, 40개 플랜트 모델에서 얻어진 결과 값의 견고한 안정성과 성능 값에 따르면, 뮤-합성 제어기가 $H_{\infty}$ 제어기보다 진동 관리에 효과적임이 입증되었다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2016

The <100> oriented $Fe_{83}Ga_{17}$ alloys with various contents of NbC or B were prepared by directionally solidification method at the growth rate of $720mm{\cdot}h^{-1}$. With a small amount of precipitates, the columnar grains grew with cellular mode during directional solidification process, while like-dendrite mode of grains growth was observed in the alloys with higher contents of 0.5 at% due to the dragging effect of precipitates on the boundaries. The NbC precipitates disperse both inside grains and along the boundaries of $Fe_{83}Ga_{17}$ alloys with NbC addition, and the Fe2B secondary phase particles preferentially distribute along the grain boundaries in B-doped alloys. Precipitates could affect grain growth and improved the <100> orientation during directional solidification process. Small amount of precipitate element addition slightly increased the magnetostrictive strain, and a high value of 335 ppm under pre-stress of 15 MPa was achieved in the alloys with 0.1 at% NbC. Despite the fact that the effect on magnetic induction density of small amount of precipitates could be negligible, the coercivity markedly increased with addition of precipitate element for $Fe_{83}Ga_{17}$ alloy due to the retarded domain motion resulted by precipitates.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2010

Immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann method (IBLBM) has been applied to simulate a turbulent flow over circular cylinder in a flow field effectively. Although IBLBM is very effective method to simulate the flow over a complex shape of obstacle in the flow field regardless of the constructed grids in the calculation domain, the results, however, become numerically unstable in high reynolds number flow. The most effective suggestion to archive the numerical stability in high Reynolds number flow is applying the multiple relaxation time (MRT) model instead of single relaxation time(SRT) model in the collision term of lattice Boltzmann equation. In the research MRT model for IBLBM was introduced and comparing the numerical results obtained by applying SRT and MRT. The hydraulic characteristic of cylinder in a flow field between two parallel plate at the range of $Re{\leqq}2000$represented and it is also compared the drag and lifting coefficients of the cylinder calculated by IBLBM with SRT and MRT model.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.161-183
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• 2017

This paper investigates the damage identification of the concrete pile element through axial wave propagation technique using computational and experimental studies. Now-a-days, concrete pile foundations are often common in all engineering structures and their safety is significant for preventing the failure. Damage detection and estimation in a sub-structure is challenging as the visual picture of the sub-structure and its condition is not well known and the state of the structure or foundation can be inferred only through its static and dynamic response. The concept of wave propagation involves dynamic impedance and whenever a wave encounters a changing impedance (due to loss of stiffness), a reflecting wave is generated with the total strain energy forked as reflected as well as refracted portions. Among many frequency domain methods, the Spectral Finite Element method (SFEM) has been found suitable for analysis of wave propagation in real engineering structures as the formulation is based on dynamic equilibrium under harmonic steady state excitation. The feasibility of the axial wave propagation technique is studied through numerical simulations using Elementary rod theory and higher order Love rod theory under SFEM and ABAQUS dynamic explicit analysis with experimental validation exercise. Towards simulating the damage scenario in a pile element, dis-continuity (impedance mismatch) is induced by varying its cross-sectional area along its length. Both experimental and computational investigations are performed under pulse-echo and pitch-catch configuration methods. Analytical and experimental results are in good agreement.

• 대기
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2014

Statistical trajectory analysis has been widely used to identify potential source regions for chemically and radiatively important chemical species in the atmosphere. The most widely used method is a statistical source-receptor model developed by Stohl (1996), of which the underlying principle is that elevated concentrations at an observation site are proportionally related to both the average concentrations on a specific grid cell where the observed air mass has been passing over and the residence time staying over that grid cell. Thus, the method can compute a residence-time-weighted mean concentration for each grid cell by superimposing the back trajectory domain on the grid matrix. The concentration on a grid cell could be used as a proxy for potential source strength of corresponding species. This technical note describes the statistical trajectory approach and introduces its application to estimate potential source regions of $CO_2$ enhancements observed at Korean Global Atmosphere Watch Observatory in Anmyeon-do. Back trajectories are calculated using HYSPLIT 4 model based on wind fields provided by NCEP GDAS. The identified $CO_2$ potential source regions responsible for the pollution events observed at Anmyeon-do in 2010 were mainly Beijing area and the Northern China where Haerbin, Shenyang and Changchun mega cities are located. This is consistent with bottom-up emission information. In spite of inherent uncertainties of this method in estimating sharp spatial gradients within the vicinity of the emission hot spots, this study suggests that the statistical trajectory analysis can be a useful tool for identifying anthropogenic potential source regions for major GHGs.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.93-116
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• 2007

이 연구의 목적은 부산광역시 공업계 고등학교 공동 실습소에 입소하는 학생들의 실기교육을 증진시키기 위하여, 혼합형 학습을 수업에 적용하여 학업 성취도에 미치는 효과를 알아보는데 있다. 연구의 대상은 부산광역시 공업계 고등학교 공동 실습소에 입소하는 B공업고등학교 컴퓨터 응용 기계과 2학년 1개 학급 31명을 선정하여, A조는 혼합형 학습을 적용하는 실험 집단으로, B조는 강의법에 의해 전통 수업을 하는 통제 집단으로 선정하였다. 두 집단 내에서 사전 학업 성취도 검사 점수를 기준으로 학습 능력의 수준을 상위 수준, 중위 수준, 하위 수준으로 구분하였다. 실험 집단과 통제 집단에 사전 검사를 실시하여 5% 유의 수준에서 t-검정을 실시하였으며, 실험 집단에 대하여 이 연구를 통해 제작한 온-라인 컨텐츠를 이용하여 혼합형 학습을 적용하였다. 혼합형 학습이 학업성취도에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여, 실험 처치가 끝난 후 실험 집단과 통제 집단에 각각 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 이 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실험 집단과 통제 집단에 대하여 학업 성취도 사후 검사를 실시한 결과 혼합형 학습이 강의식 수업보다 학업 성취도에 미치는 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 수준별 학업 성취도 사후 검사 결과, 혼합형 학습은 강의식 수업에 비하여 상위 그룹과 중위 그룹에서는 학업 성취도에 있어서 효과적인 것으로 나타났으나, 하위 그룹에서는 효과적이라고 할 수 없었다. 셋째, 평가 영역별 학업 성취도 사후 검사 결과, 혼합형 학습은 강의식 수업에 비하여 기능적 영역에서는 효과적인 것으로 나타났으나, 인지적 영역과 정의적 영역의 학업 성취도에 있어서는 효과적이라고 할 수 없었다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.79-93
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• 2016

본 연구는 중학교 가정과 교과서의 '청소년의 소비 생활' 단원을 지속가능발전교육의 프레임워크(framework)로 분석하여 현재 가정교과의 지속가능발전교육과의 관련성을 살펴보고, 향후 미래지향적 관점으로 지속가능한 삶을 영위할 수 있는 역량을 키울 수 있는 교육과정 구성과 교육내용 선정을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 분석 대상은 12종 2009 개정 교육과정의 가정교과서 중 '청소년의 소비 생활' 단원이다. 분석방법은 Romey의 내용분석법을 사용하여 ESD 내용요소를 심층적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, '청소년의 소비 생활' 단원에서 공통으로 추출된 내용요소들을 지속가능발전교육(ESD)의 분석준거(환경적, 경제적, 사회적 영역)로 분석한 결과 23개의 관련 주제에 따른 하위 내용요소들로 구성되었다. 둘째, 중학교 12종 가정교과서의 '청소년의 소비 생활' 단원 내용요소를 지속가능발전교육(ESD)의 세 영역으로 분석한 결과, 사회적 영역(68%), 경제적 영역(58%), 환경적 영역(40%) 순으로 나타났다. 이는 2009 개정 교육과정에서 제시하고 있는 청소년 소비자의 역할이 주체적인 소비자에 중점을 두었고, 이와 관련된 내용들이 인간의 안전, 소비문화, 사회적 관심, 단체를 조직하고 활동할 권리 등과 상당히 관련이 있다고 볼 수 있다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2017

This paper introduces a new motion-synthesis technique for animating multiple characters. At a high level, we introduce a hub-sub-control-point scheme that automatically generates many different spline curves from a user scribble. Then, each spline curve becomes a trajectory along which a 3D character moves. Based on the given curves, our algorithm synthesizes motions using a cyclic motion. In this process, space-time warp curves, which are time-warp curves, are embedded in the 3D environment to control the speed of the motions. Since the space-time warp curve represents a trajectory over the time domain, it enables us to verify whether the trajectory causes any collisions between characters by simply checking whether two space-time warp curves intersect. In addition, it is possible to edit space-time warp curves at run time to change the speed of the characters. We use several experiments to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently synthesize a group of character motions. Our method creates collision-avoiding trajectories ten times faster than those created manually.

• 음성과학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2007

All observation has uncertainty due to noise or channel characteristics. This uncertainty should be counted in the modeling of observation. In this paper we propose a modified optimization object function of a GMM training considering inexact observation. The object function is modified by introducing the concept of observation confidence as a weighting factor of probabilities. The optimization of the proposed criterion is solved using a common EM algorithm. To verify the proposed method we apply it to the speaker recognition domain. The experimental results of text-independent speaker identification with VidTimit DB show that the error rate is reduced from 14.8% to 11.7% by the modified GMM training.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2015

The nonlinear time-domain analysis method was implemented to carry out a series of integrated simulations for a deep-water crane vessel system composed of four sub components, including a floating vessel, lifted equipment, hoisting cable and dynamic positioning (hereinafter DP) system. The analysis of the coupled dynamics consists of the crane vessel and equipment connected using the crane wire, and the DP is modeled according to the wind, wave and current conditions. The DP systems were numerically implemented using a classical PD feedback controller, and various simulations of the deepwater installation were conducted using different conditions in order to evaluate the global performance of the floating crane vessel combined with the DP system.