• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.61-74
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• 2021

This study investigated the relationship between the social legitimacy and financial performance perceived for venture company. In particular, social legitimacy was classified into prior experiences, organizational competency, market-related, and government-related legitimacy according to the characteristics of venture businesses, and its effect on the financial and non-financial performance of venture businesses was verified. Data were collected by conducting a survey among 300 domestic venture businesses. According to the results it can be understood that social legitimacy affects the financial and non-financial performance of venture businesses. In other words, it was found that the acquisition of resources from external investors and governments which is justified by stakeholder and investors, venture business executives and employees' prior experience such as start-up experience, and retention of outstanding talent, etc., developing trust from the market and consumers through high organizational competency and differentiated product provision, have a positive effect on the financial and non-financial performance of venture companies. It can be interpreted that higher survival is possible through running the venture businesses with social legitimacy. In addition, this study is meaningful in that it presents a new standard for survival through measuring the relationship of the influence on substantial performance of venture businesses by expanding the existing sociological research to business management research.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 2022

This study considered regional differences in the university-industry collaboration of Korean universities and performed cluster analysis to identify the spatial range with high university-industry collaboration connectivity. By university establishment type, it was found that the university-industry collaboration capacity of the major national university was superior overall, especially in the technology transfer & commercialization sector and the infrastructure sector, compared to private universities and general national universities. The spatial pattern of university-industry collaboration capacity showed relatively clear differences by city and province. In terms of university-industry collaboration capacity by sector, it was confirmed that the regional gap was not large in the talent training sector and the infrastructure sector, but the regional gap was relatively large in the technology transfer & commercialization sector and the start-up sector. As a result of the cluster analysis to identify a spatial range with high connectivity in terms of similarity and spatial proximity of university-industry collaboration patterns, it is divided into 15 clusters. It is found that most of major national universities are included in one of 15 clusters where all sectors of university-industry collaboration are strong. Therefore, as a policy measure to achieve regional innovative growth through enhancing the effectiveness of university-industry collaboration, we propose the establishment of a hub & spoke network-type collaboration system in which a major national university acts as a hub and nearby local universities play a spoke role.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.217-233
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• 2022

This study was conducted with the purpose of deriving a revitalization plan by analyzing the factors influencing the characteristics and perception of self-employment and self-employment selection of young people. To this end, discussions on self-employment and the size of workers were reviewed, and the characteristics, determinants, and difficulties of self-employment youth were analyzed based on data from a survey of youth in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The support plan proposed through the analysis should first strengthen the program so that the government, local governments, and schools can all gain experience in the practice of developing ideas, producing, and selling based on aptitude and competency to solve youth employment problems. Next, compared to support for technology-based start-ups, there are no suitable programs in the fields of knowledge, manufacturing, and distribution, and there is almost no support for freelancers in which the majority of young people are engaged. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify support projects so that the diversity of young people can be expressed in self-employment. Finally, it was found that entrepreneurship had an important influence on self-employment. However, Korean teenagers do not know what entrepreneurship is and have no experience in education, so they should focus on cultivating entrepreneurship in the regular curriculum and establishing a cultural foundation to foster young leaders with creative ideas and execution.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.241-253
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• 2023

In the current rapidly changing environment, each country continues to make efforts to create jobs and strengthen technological competitiveness. In particular, support and revitalization policies for venture companies and start-ups are known to play a role in increasing national competitiveness. Companies should make appropriate replacements amid growing uncertainties in the environment in which business life is shortened and customer needs are diversified due to intensifying competition. First of all, it is important for companies to make efforts to strengthen their internal capabilities on their own. However, venture companies lack internal resources and capabilities, so support from the external environment is important enough to lead to the survival of the company(Timmons, 1994). Financial support and certification systems are being operated at the national level to strengthen the competitiveness of companies. However, financial support can lower a company's self-sustainability depending on the situation, so non-financial support such as R&D support and start-up education is considered to be helpful in the long term for venture growth(Aghion et al., 2012; Jeon & Ko, 2021). Non-financial support is divided into commercialization, facilities, space, childcare, manpower, and certification systems, and this study confirmed the benefits of the venture company confirmation system, which is a certification system. To this end, the 2021 venture company precision survey data and venture company sales data were used, and analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 package and SPSS PROCESS MACRO. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the level of the management environment of venture companies has a positive effect on the benefits of the venture confirmation system or increasing the level of venture company capabilities, but it is difficult to lead to actual management performance. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of venture company competency mediates the relationship between the level of the venture company's business environment and management performance. As a result, even if the level of the venture company's business environment is positive or venture-friendly, it can be said that companies with internal capabilities to digest support from the external environment increase management performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.87-100
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• 2022

Early start-up companies have an inherent limitation of lack of resources. Despite these limitations, in order to survive, the entrepreneur's personal ability to efficiently use limited resources is required. In the marketing field, various studies are needed to reduce the business failure rate through establishing growth strategies and innovation. Accordingly, it is necessary to apply the concept of entrepreneurial marketing, which has been researched and developed overseas for 30 years, to fit the domestic reality. According to the flow of this study, an empirical study should be preceded to clarify the influence relationship between entrepreneurial marketing orientation, marketing competency, and management performance, along with a theoretical theorem on entrepreneurial marketing that is suitable for early start-ups and small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) and can respond innovatively to changes. The establishment of entrepreneurial marketing orientation and the processes from which this concept leads to business performance through the organization's marketing capabilities and its effects will be empirically verified. For an empirical survey, a survey was conducted on founders of 220 companies, and path analysis using structural equations was used for hypothesis verification. The findings are as follows. First, it was found that the entrepreneurial marketing orientation had a positive effect on both the organization's marketing capabilities and management performance. Second, it was found that the organization's marketing capabilities also had a positive effect on management performance. Third, as a result of empirical analysis of the mediating effect of the organization's marketing capabilities on the relationship between entrepreneurial marketing orientation and management performance, it was found that marketing capabilities showed a greater mediating effect on non-financial performance than financial performance. On the other hand, it was confirmed that marketing performance had a stronger mediating effect on financial performance than non-financial performance. By confirming and presenting the concept and constituent factors of entrepreneurial marketing orientation of domestic start-ups, which were academic gaps for the purpose of this paper, the academic research is differentiated in that they were verified as six components of entrepreneurial marketing. The practical implications of the research results will be that the entrepreneurial marketing-oriented mindset of small and medium-sized companies will optimize market analysis capabilities, network with various stakeholders, and increase the organization's ability to demonstrate marketing capabilities.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.193-216
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• 2020

Due to the recent mid- to long-term slump and falling growth rates in the global economy, interest in organizational structures that create new products or services as a new alternative to survive and develop in an opaque environment both internally and externally, and enhance organizational sustainability through changes in production methods and business innovation is increasing day by day. In this atmosphere, we agree that the growth of small and medium-sized venture companies has a significant impact on the national economy, and various efforts are being made to enhance the technological innovation capabilities of the members so that these small and medium-sized venture companies can enhance and sustain their performance. The purpose of this study is also to investigate how the technological innovation capabilities of small and medium-sized venture companies correlate with the performance of knowledge management and to analyze the role of network capabilities to organize the strategic activities of enterprise to obtain the resources and organizational capabilities to be used for value creation from external networks. In other words, research was conducted on the impact of technological innovation capabilities of small and medium venture companies on knowledge management performance by using network capabilities as parameters. Therefore, in this study, we would like to verify the hypothesis that innovation capabilities will have a positive impact on knowledge management performance by using network capabilities of small and medium venture companies. Economic activities based on technological innovation capabilities should respond quickly to new changes in an environment where uncertainty has increased, and lead to macro-economic growth and development as well as overcoming long-term economic downturns so that they can become the nation's new growth engine as well as sustainable growth and survival of the organization. In addition, this study was conducted by setting the most important knowledge management performance within the organization as a dependent variable. As a result, R&D and learning capabilities among technological innovation capabilities have no impact on financial performance. In contrast, it was shown that corporate innovation activities have a positive impact on both financial and non-financial performance. The fact that non-financial factors such as quality and productivity improvement are identified in the management of small and medium-sized venture companies utilizing their technological innovation capabilities is contrary to a number of studies by those corporate innovation activities affect financial performance during prior research. The reason for this result is that research companies have been out of start-up companies for more than seven years, but sales are less than 10 billion won, and unlike start-up companies, R&D and learning capabilities have more positive effects on intangible non-financial performance than financial performance. Corporate innovation activities have been shown to have a positive (+) impact on both financial and non-financial performance, while R&D and learning capabilities have a positive (+) impact on financial performance by parameters of network capability. Corporate innovation activities have been shown to have no impact on both financial and non-financial performance, and R&D and learning capabilities have no impact on non-financial performance. It could be seen that the parameter effects of network competency are limited to when R&D and learning competencies are derived from quantitative financial performance. It could be seen that the parameter effects of network competency are limited to when R&D and learning competencies are derived from quantitative financial performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.366-376
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• 2017

This study attempts to analyze the structure of the knowledge and duties of the vocational counseling service industry by using the text mining method and network analysis, which are methods of big data analysis. The subjects of the survey were vocational counseling, job placement and career change support, three fields in the unit elements of competence included in the National Competency Standards (NCS) which areproposed by the government. Although the analysis results of frequently used words showed that all three fields had independent duties, many were overlapping, such as counseling, examination, employment support, etc. for clients, job seekers, and others. The knowledge required by the employees of this field includes many new fields, such as start-up development, lifelong career consulting, job adaptation and culture conflict, besides the five subjects of vocational psychology, vocational counseling, labor market, job information, and law, which are included in the vocational counselor certification examination. Also, we suggested that the consultants adhere to emotional approaches, such as empathy, acceptance and attentiveness, and take a neutral stance. This study isvaluable in that it is the first attempt to objectively analyze the duties of the vocational counseling service field by big data analysis. In addition, it is also meaningful that we first confirmed the difference between the direction of government policy and the actual practice in the field.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.177-186
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• 2020

Entrepreneurship education has been emphasized worldwide and the number of universities that open related subjects have been increasing. K University, located in Gyeonggi-do, was selected as one of the leading universities in entrepreneurship in 2014, and has continued to grow quantitatively by providing support and education related to entrepreneurship on and off campus. In addition, major issues in entrepreneurship education were derived by conducting written or face-to-face interviews and advisory meetings with instructors, field experts, and education demanders for environmental analysis. Based on this, three major tracks(venture start-up, entrepreneurship convergence, and social venture activation) were derived, and major competency and learning goals for each track were presented. On the other hand, in order for this study to be more effectively accepted, it is necessary to present the objectives of each track, the capabilities pursued, and the courses that help students' progress. Therefore, in the future research, it is necessary to design and present the goals for each track, the curriculum road map, and the detailed curriculum of the convergence major, and at the same time, research to match the appropriate teaching method for each newly opened subject will be required to increase educational effectiveness.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.127-142
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• 2022

According to social change, entrepreneurship education at university is drawing attention as a means to cultivate convergent creative competency required by the times. Currently, the number of entrepreneurship education at university is increasing every year, and quantitative expansion is taking place, but quality advancement of education remains a task. In this context, this study conducted an action research with the aim of revitalizing entrepreneurship education and upgrading quality, and developing a entrepreneurship education program suitable for general elective courses operated by universities. In the process of the study, first, through literature analysis related to entrepreneurship education at university, educational contents and teaching methods of entrepreneurship education were confirmed. Based on this, the IPA analysis was used to analyze the educational needs of students for entrepreneurship education contents and design a program that reflects this. The designed program was applied and operated to the entrepreneurship education of A University, and improvements were derived and improved by analyzing the opinions of learners in the action research process. The entrepreneurship education program developed through this study was composed as follows. The necessity of entrepreneurship education at the beginning of the lecture is sufficiently presented, and the knowledge necessary for start-up, including idea discovery and business model design, is delivered through theoretical lectures by teacher-centered method. In the second half of the lecture, students with similar interests are gathered into teams and learner-centered practical activities are operated. The contents of the activities include information on idea discovery, business model design, business plan and pitching. Practical activities for each team are conducted during class hours, and the professor advice on difficulties for each team.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.269-280
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• 2022

Recently, the necessity and importance of entrepreneurship education in universities in terms of nurturing creative talents and career paths have been emphasized. This study attempted to examine the mechanism of how the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education affects career maturity by dividing it into theoretical education and practical entrepreneurship education with problem-solving competency rather than a single dimension. This study performed an empirical analysis using Smart PLS for 153 college students. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, it was found that theoretical and practical entrepreneurship education had a significant positive (+) effect on problem-solving ability. Second, theoretical entrepreneurship education had a positive (+) effect on career maturity. but practical entrepreneurship education did not have a direct significant effect on career maturity. Third, problem-solving ability had a positive (+) effect on career maturity. Finally, the mediating effect analysis revealed that problem-solving ability had mediating effects on both entrepreneurship education and career maturity of college students. In conclusion, this study has its significance in that it presents the effectiveness and direction of entrepreneurship education both in theory and practice at a time when it is urgent to foster inspiring and creative talent in universities to meet the demands of the times. In particular, it was analyzed that entrepreneurship education conducted at universities is required to upgrade the curriculum, content, methodology, and subject design of practical entrepreneurship education, and there is an urgent need for improvement so that the effect of practical entrepreneurship education can have a significant effect on career maturity.