• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2014

Students' argumentation during science inquiry should be regarded important as it could help students to make meaningful connections between theories and experiments and to make scientific claims based on evidences. In this study, elementary science-gifted students' argumentation during small group inquiry was analyzed according to inquiry process. There were three stages of argumentation during students' inquiry. The first argumentation was to predict what would happen(Prediction stage). In this stage, the scientific problem was presented by concept cartoon as a way to start and to facilitate students' argumentation. The second argumentation was to design an experiment to solve the problem(Planning stage) and the third was to interpret the result of experiment(Interpretation stage). The discourse move, level of grounds and their relationship were analyzed to find the characteristics of argumentation during science inquiry. In terms of discourse move, 'Asking for opinion' was the most frequent whereas 'Claim' or 'Rebuttal' were rare. Students tended to listen to or ask others' opinion rather than provide their own claims or critics on others' opinion. 'Rebuttal' was shown a few times only during prediction and planning stage. There was no single 'Rebuttal' during interpretation stage. Students tended to easily accept or agree other student's interpretation of data instead of arguing their own ideas. In terms of level of grounds, students mostly provided their ideas without any attempt to justify their position. Especially during planning stage, students tended to suggest or decide ways of measuring or controlling variables without any grounds. They used evidences only a few times during prediction stage. In terms of relation between discourse move and level of grounds, students provided grounds most frequently when they dispute others' claims. The level of grounds were higher when they advocate or clarify their own or others' ideas than when they claim their ideas. The result of this study showed that the quality of elementary science-gifted students' argumentation during science inquiry was undesirable in many ways. Implications for scaffolding and facilitating argumentation during science inquiry were discussed.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-80
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• 2014

자유탐구는 영재학습자를 위한 대표적인 교수학습 방법 중 하나이다. 그러나 자유탐구는 매우 복합적인 학습과정이기 때문에 이를 성공적으로 수행하기 위해 영재들은 다양한 영역에 걸친 복합적인 역량들을 개발해야 한다. 본 연구는 과학영재들이 자유탐구를 통해 보다 전문가 수준에 가까운 연구역량을 키우고, 차별화된 산출물을 내놓는 과정에서 비계로 활용할 수 있도록 연구단계별 질문목록을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 연구방법론, 학술적 글쓰기, 탐구와 관련된 학습 연구 등 자유탐구와 관련될 수 있는 다양한 분야의 문헌들을 검토하였다. 이를 바탕으로 자유탐구를 인지적, 초인지적, 사회문화적 과정으로 규정하여 질문목록의 개발발향을 설정하였다. 이어서 자유탐구의 목표를 상세화한 후에 연구의 단계를 범주화하는 모형을 개발하고, 각 연구단계별로 탐구의 성공적인 수행에 도움이 되는 주요 질문들을 개발하였다. 끝으로 본 질문목록을 활용하여 영재 학생의 자유탐구를 지도할 때 유의할 점들을 논의하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2015

이 연구는 논의기반 탐구 과학수업에서 나타나는 중학생들의 논의과정 특징과 논의과정 수준을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 남녀공학 중학교 2학년 68명을 대상으로 6개의 논의기반 탐구 과학수업 프로그램을 적용하였고, 이 중 마지막 두 프로그램에 대한 학생들의 논의과정을 모둠별로 녹음 및 전사하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 모든 단계에서 가장 많이 나타나는 논의과정 요소는 주장이고, 요청 및 요청응답, 단순 호응이 다음 순으로 나타났다. 논의기반 탐구 과학수업의 실험 설계 및 수행단계에서 논의가 가장 활발하게 나타났으며, 의문 만들기 단계에서 논의가 가장 적게 나타났다. 둘째, 각 단계별로 논의과정 수준을 분석한 결과, 논의과정 구조에서는 주장과 증거 단계에서 가장 높은 수준의 논의가 이루어지고 의문 만들기 단계에서 가장 낮은 수준의 논의가 이루어졌다. 논의과정 타당성을 분석한 결과, 주장과 증거 단계에서 논의과정 타당성이 가장 높았다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.759-767
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• 2008

This article arose from the previous studies, which suggested a synthetic list for the nature of science (NOS), discussed the relationship between the NOS and scientific inquiry and the development of the NOS in the context of scientific inquiry. In this article, for teaching scientific inquiry through the NOS, I proposed three teaching models - reflection, interaction, and the direct model -. Within these teaching models, understanding the NOS is viewed as a prerequisite condition for the improved performance of scientific inquiry. In the reflection model, the NOS is embedded and reflected in scientific inquiry without explicit introduction or direct explanation of the NOS. In the interaction model, concrete interaction between scientific inquiry and the NOS is encouraged during the process of scientific inquiry. In the direct model, subsequent to directly comprehending the NOS at the first stage of activity, students conduct scientific inquiry based on their understanding of the NOS. The intention of this present article is to facilitate the use of these models to develop teaching materials for more authentic scientific inquiry.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.304-316
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 소그룹 자유 탐구에서 학습자들끼리 서로의 탐구에 대해 비판적 의견을 제시하는 활동에서 학생들이 제시한 의견을 분석하는 것이다. 41명의 학생들이 한 학기 동안 자유 탐구를 수행하면서 탐구 계획 단계와 종료 직전 단계에서 비판적 의견 제시 활동에 참여하였다. 두 차례의 활동에서 각각 595개, 233개의 피드백이 제시되었으며, 탐구 과정을 토대로 한 범주로 분석하였다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 탐구 계획에 대한 의견 제시 활동에서 '문제인식 및 가설설정', '탐구 설계' 영역에 많은 피드백이 제시되었는데, 특히 '연구 문제 수정 및 추가', '연구 대상 및 조건', '변인 통제'와 관련된 의견이 많았다. 둘째, 탐구 수행 결과에 대한 의견 제시 활동에서는 '보고서 작성'과 관련된 피드백 의견이 많았으며, '탐구 설계' 영역에 대한 의견도 많이 제시되었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 학생의 소그룹 자유탐구에서 비판적 의견제시 활동의 적용과 관련된 시사점을 논의하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 과학 교사 PLC에서 탐구 수업 전문성을 함양하기 위한 목적으로 활용할 수 있는 프로토콜을 개발하고, 현장 교사들을 대상으로 시험 적용을 통해 개발된 프로토콜의 현장 활용 가능성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 5단계로 구성된 과학탐구 수업 PLC 프로토콜을 개발해서 6명의 참여 교사를 대상으로 순차적으로 적용하였다. 프로토콜의 활용 가능성을 알아보기 위해 단계마다 성찰일지를 작성하게 하였으며 5단계 프로토콜 적용 후 집단 면담을 통해 프로토콜에 대한 참여 교사의 인식을 조사하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 과학교사 탐구 수업 전문성 신장을 위한 프로토콜을 (1)과학탐구 수업에 대한 생각 드러내기, (2)과학탐구 수업 경험 공유하기, (3)학생의 과학탐구 결과물 들여다보기, (4)과학탐구 지도 소양 쌓기, (5)과학탐구 수업계획 짜기 등의 5단계로 구성·개발하였다. 둘째, 참여 교사의 성찰 일지와 사후 면담 분석 결과를 통해 이 연구에서 개발된 과학탐구 수업 PLC 프로토콜의 광범위한 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 참여 교사들은 프로토콜이 PLC의 체계적 운영, 교사의 참여도 제고 등에 도움이 되었으며, 5단계 프로토콜을 경험함으로써 자신의 탐구 수업에 대한 성찰과 개선을 위한 고민의 기회를 얻었고 탐구 수업에 대한 자신감이 생겼다고 인식하였다. 연구 결과를 토대로 과학 교사 PLC 프로토콜 개발 및 활용에 대해 제언하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.417-428
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• 1995

This study investigated Korean science teachers' concerns and needs regarding inquiry testing to cope with the innovation called College Scholastic Abilities Test(CSAT), which was officially first administered as the nation-wide college entrance exam in 1994. This study adopted Concerns Based Adoption Model(CBAM) as the theoretical framework developed by Hall et al. 60 high science teachers (30 physics, 20 earth science, 10 others) were involved for the main study in August, 1992. In general. science teachers demonstrated a concern profile similar to that of 'nonusers'. They showed high level of concerns on the 'information' and 'personal' stage, while low level of concerns on 'management' and 'consequence' stage. Science teachers expressed their strong needs for knowledge and support to facilitate inquiry teaching and testing, text books written in inquiry mode. It is recommended that in-service trainings be provided based on the concerns and needs of teachers for a better teacher training and successful implementation of the innovation.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.134-147
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze stages of the concern on open inquiry of elementary school teachers. To achieve this purpose, this study used the instruments of CBAM, including stages of concern questionnarie. The results of this study was as follows. Firstly, most teachers were in 0 stage, which meant they had little concern on open inquiry in science instruction. Secondly, the teachers who had teaching career of less than or 10 years were no more interested in open inquiry than teachers who had teaching career of 11-20 years. Thirdly, the training experience and teaching experience of open inquiry didn't show a statistically significant difference. Based on these results, this study suggested that we need educational programs and supporting strategies to heighten concerns and enthusiasm of teachers and pre-service teachers on open inquiry in science instruction.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.429-439
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Jeju beach science camp program and to survey the participating students'' preference levels for the activities included therein. The camp programs were analyzed on the basis of the standards set for the HASA curriculum. The program's "manipulatory skill" area included many manipulatory and creative activities while the "inquiry area" included many basic and integrated inquiry activities. It was also indicated that the "knowledge area" included many activities appropriate for understanding concepts and principles while the "attitude area" included many activities appropriate for stimulating curiosity and enjoyment. Thus, it could be seen that the areas stipulated for the HASA curriculum were considerably consistent with the purpose of the science camp. The participating students showed preference for manipulatory and creative activities included in the program. They also preferred basic, inquiry level activities included under the area of "inquiry skills." It was identified that the students most preferred the conceptual stage included under the area of "knowledge" where they were required to grasp the common characteristics of events, things, and phenomena, as also the enjoyment stage included under the "attitude" area, where they were required to participate in pleasant science activities. These findings indicate that science camp programs should be composed of manipulatory and creative activities as well as activities that aim at basic research and the understanding of concepts.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Jigsaw small inquiry method on science academic achievement and scientific attitudes. For this study, two classes of six graders were divided into a research group and a comparative group. The classes were pre-tested in order to ensure the same standard. The research group had the science class with Jigsaw small inquiry method, and the comparative group had the class with a teacher centered lectures for 12 classes for 12 weeks. The Jigsaw small inquiry method was focused on the introduction stage, the whole group activities, professional group activities, restart the whole group activities, supplementary structured study guide, results announced, and excellent group rewards. To prove the effects of this study, science learning motivation was split up based on the attention power, relation, confidence, and sense of satisfaction. The results of this study are as follows. First, Jigsaw small inquiry method is effective in science academic achievement. Second, Jigsaw small inquiry method is effective in scientific attitudes. Also, Jigsaw small inquiry method was approved by students. Consequently, Jigsaw small inquiry method had the great effects on developing science academic achievement for the elementary science class. That means the science class with Jigsaw small inquiry method has potential to develop science academic achievement and scientific attitudes.