• 분석과학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2011

카본나노튜브 전극과 금 전극을 사용한 Cl(I) 이온의 전압전류 분석법을 비교 연구하였다. 금 전극이 카본나노튜브 전극보다 Cl(I) 이온에 민감하게 반응함을 보였다. 위 조건에서 금 전극의 순환 전압 전류법과 벗김 전압 전류법의 최적 조건을 실험한 결과 $6.5\;{\mu}g/L$ Cl(I) 이온의 검출한계에 도달 하였다. 최적의 조건에서 기존에 상용되는 Cl이온 미터와 먹는 물 속의Cl(I) 이온 농도를 비교한 결과 보다 민감하게 반응하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2007

A bismuth-coated carbon fiber microelectrode was prepared using cyclic voltammetry (CV). An analytical application was performed for the copper analysis with Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry (SWSV). Gallic acid n-propyl ester (PG) was used for the complex formation with a copper ion, and electrochemical measurements were performed with a pre-amplifier of a low-current module for nano am per detection. The effects of various parameters on the response were optimized. Analytical working ranges of $0.03-25.9\;{\mu}gl^{-1}$ and $0-25\'mgl^{-1}$ Cu(II) were obtained. The relative standard deviation at $13\;mgl^{-1}$ Cu was 0.9% (n = 12) in optimum conditions. The detection limit was found to have been $0.019\;{\mu}gl^{-1}$, with a 30-sec accumulation time. The developed methods were applied to a copper assay in water samples.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.180-186
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• 2017

Salt, as food, is the most essential element for human survival due to its significant physiological functions. Here, we report the simultaneous detection of Pb and Cd in sea salt by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Stripping voltammetric measurements were conducted using a manufactured rotating disk electrode system (MRDES). The detection limit was $3.6{\pm}0.18{\mu}gL^{-1}$ for Pb and $3.9{\pm}0.37{\mu}gL^{-1}$ Cd in NaCl solution. When the pH increased from 5.5 to 8.5, the peak currents of Pb and Cd decreased. At a pH of 8.3, the ratio of the current drop compared with that at a pH of 5.5 was 0.6 for Pb and 0.73 for Cd. The concentrations corrected by the current drop are in agreement with the concentrations obtained with ICP (inductively coupled plasma). This system demonstrates the reliable detection of heavy metals in aqueous media and, at a high $Na^+$ concentration, the successful application for the determination of Pb and Cd in sea salts.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.404-409
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• 2008

Excessive presence of heavy metals in environment affects plants and fruits grown in the contaminated area. Rapid on-site monitoring of heavy metals can provide useful information for efficiently characterizing heavy metal-contaminated sites and for minimizing the exposure of the contaminated food crops to humans. This study reports on the evaluation of gold and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes with mercury or bismuth as a coating material for simultaneous determination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in 0.1 M $HNO_3$ solution by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The use of a square-wave voltammetric potential between a working electrode and a reference electrode caused Cd and Pb ions deposited on the electrode surface to be oxidized, thereby generating electric currents at different potentials. The mercury-coated gold electrode was not sensitive enough to detect the usable range of Cd concentrations (1 to 100 ppb). The GC electrodes with mercury or bismuth displayed well-defined, sharp and separate current peaks for Cd and Pb ions when the square-wave voltammetric potentials were applied. The peak currents measured with both mercury- and bismuth- coated GC electrodes were linearly proportional to Cd and Pb concentrations in the range of 1 to 200 ppb in 0.1 M $HNO_3$ with strong linear relationships between concentration and peak current ($R^2$ > 0.95), indicating that both of Cd and Pb ions could be quantitatively measured.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2008

Trace analysis of Cd and Pb at surface modified thick film graphite electrode with Bi nanopowder has been carried out using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) technique. Bi nanopowder synthesized by gas condensation (GC) method showed the size of $50{\sim}100$ nm with BET surface area, $A_{BET}=6.8m^{2}g^{-l}$. For a strong adhesion of the Bi nanopowder onto the screen printed carbon paste electrode, nafion solution was added into Bi-containing suspension. From the SWASV, it was found that the Bi nanopowder electrode exhibited a well-defined responses relating to the oxidations of Cd and Pb. The current peak intensity increased with increasing concentration of Cd and Pb. From the linear relationship between Cd/Pb concentrations and peak current, the sensitivity of the Bi nanopowder electrode was quantitatively estimated. The detection limit of the electrode was estimated to be $0.15{\mu}g/l$ and $0.07{\mu}g/l$ for Cd and Pb, respectively, on the basis of the signal-to-noise characteristics (S/N=3) of the response for the $1.0{\mu}g/l$ solution under a 10 min accumulation.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.477-482
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• 1993

생체시료 중의 미량수은정량을 glassy carbon 전극을 사용하는 네모파 산화전극벗김 전압전류법으로 연구하였다. 생체시료는 분석에 들어가기 전에 질산과 황산 그리고 과망간산 칼륨으로 충분히 온침시켰다. 수은의 검출한계는 석출시간, 석출전위, pH, 그리고 저어줌속도 등에 의하여 크게 영향을 받았다. -1.0 volts에서 240초간 400rpm으로 저어주면서 수은을 석출하였을 때 검출한계는 $0.5\;ppb\;(2.5{\times}10^{-9} M)$이하였다. 이 방법은 분석시간이 짧고 감도가 높기 때문에 생체시료 중의 미량수은 분석에 유용하였다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.298-303
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• 2001

생체시료에 함유된 미량수은을 유리질 탄소전극을 사용하는 양극 벗김 네모파 전압-전류법으로 정량하였다. 생체시료는 HNO3/H2SO4 산혼합용액으로 삭히고, KMnO4를 가하여 산화시켰다. 수은의 검출한계는 석출전위, 시 간, pH, 그리고 용액을 저어주는 속도 등에 크게 영향을 받았다. 1.0 volts vs. Ag/AgCl에서 400rpm으로 저어주면서 240 sec 동안 석출시켰을 경우, 검출한계는 0.5 ppb 이하였다. 흰쥐에 대한 수은의 생체 축적량은 신장과 간에서 높았고, 뇌에서는 매우 낮았다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권11호
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• pp.943-950
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• 1993

8.0 ${\times}\;10^{-2}$ M catechol이 들어있는 5.0 ${\times}\;10^{-2}$ M 과염소산 지지전해질 용액속에서 네모파 산하전극벗김 전압전류법으로 게르마늄의 미량분석을 조사하였다. ppb 수준의 분석에서는 석출시간 120초, 석출전위 -0.9 volts, 주파수 100Hz일 때 가장 적합하였다. 구리와 납, 실리콘 같은 금속이온이 상당량 존재하여도 공존이온이 영향을 받지 않고 게르마늄의 분석이 가능하였다. 검량선은 0.40 ppb 에서 2.0 ppm 범위까지 양호한 직선성을 보였으며, 검출한계는 0.080 ppb 이였다. 이 방법은 분석시간이 짧고 감도가 좋기 때문에 미량 게르마늄 분석에 유용하였다

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2009

스킨로션에 함유된 루틴을 정량하기 위하여 사각파형 전압전류법에서 흑연을 작업 전극으로 사용하여 연구하였다. 루틴을 정량하기 위한 최적 분석 조건을 찾았고 이 조건에서 $1.00\;{\sim}\;8.00\;{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에 대한 루틴의 검량선을 나타내었다. $0.10\;{\mu}g/mL$의 루틴 농도에서 15번 반복 측정한 상대 표준편차는 0.08이였으며, 최소 분석 검출 한계는 $0.01\;{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 이 결과들을 바탕으로 화장품에 함유되어 있는 활성성분을 정량하는데 사용가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2008

To detect lead ions using electrochemical voltammetric analysis, Infrared Photo-Diode Electrode(IPDE) was applied via cyclic and square wave stripping voltammetry. Lead ions were deposited at 0.5 V(versus Ag/AgCl) accumulation potential. Instrumental measurements systems were made based on a simple and compact detection system. The stripping voltammetric and cyclic voltammetric optimal parameters were searched. The results yielded a cyclic range of $40{\sim}240mgl^{-1}$ Pb(II) and a square wave stripping working range of $0.5{\sim}5.00mgl^{-1}$ Pb(II). The relative standard deviation at 2 and 4 $mgl^{-1}$ Pb(II) was 0.04% and 0.02%(n=15), respectively, using the stripping voltammetric conditions. The detection limit was found to be 0.05 $mgl^{-1}$ with a 40 sec preconcentration time. Analytical interference ions were also evaluated. The proposed method was applied to determine lead ions in various samples.